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Lowest Fertility Countries

Can you guess the countries where the average woman will have the fewest children in her lifetime?
2025 estimates from the UN via Wikipedia
Color coded by continent
Quiz by
Quizmaster
Featured Quiz
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Last updated: June 19, 2025
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First submittedJanuary 28, 2012
Times taken97,386
Average score55.0%
Rating4.41
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Rate
Country
0.75
South Korea
0.86
Taiwan
0.96
Singapore
1.00
Ukraine
1.02
China
1.10
Andorra
1.11
Malta
Rate
Country
1.13
Chile
1.16
San Marino
1.20
Thailand
1.21
Mauritius
1.21
Italy
1.21
United Arab Emirates
1.22
Lithuania
Rate
Country
1.23
Spain
1.23
Japan
1.23
Belarus
1.30
Finland
1.31
Costa Rica
1.31
Poland
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100 Recent Comments
skukka
+5
Level 58
Dec 31, 2016
Fertility is quite different from birthrate. I can be fertile like a bunny rabbit, but choose not to act upon it and remaining happy & childless. Therefore birthrate tells very little about actual fertility, except if they really are all medically infertile.
brandybuck96
+34
Level 82
Aug 19, 2018
That's not what "fertility rate" means in a geographical context.
TheLonelyAlula
+6
Level 57
Nov 10, 2022
Yeah, it's pretty weird that they use the word fertility to describe birth rate, because it really isn't accurate. But nevertheless it's the word that organizations use
GlaucusExquisita
+11
Level 78
Mar 7, 2024
I'd guess it's because "birth rate" is already used, referring to number of births per 1000 people. Number of children per woman is a different measure.
Saluki
+1
Level 46
Aug 22, 2025
They aren't, the numbers in this quiz are Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
Malbaby
+15
Level 70
Dec 31, 2016
Overpopulation is the greatest problem for the future. Any country that keeps its population down will anyway be eventually swamped by people from overcrowded countries. The Earth does not have enough resources to constantly find an increasing amount. We can all play the ostrich game and stick our heads in the sand but there is no denying that too many people at present are going without just the bare essentials at 7+ Billion. At 8 Billion, 9 Billion ......... 10 Billion etc. The human race will be in a heap of trouble.
Asterlan
+9
Level 57
Oct 16, 2020
But these countries have below replacement rate fertility, which will present a multitude of problems for them, such as 1 in 4 Japanese will be over 65.
IsleAuHaulte
+1
Level 92
Jul 5, 2025
Good. People will inherit land instead of overwork themselves for land that keeps getting more expensive.
jennraven
+9
Level 67
Jun 18, 2022
Sure, there are many cities that are overpopulated. But certainly not the world. The entire population of the world could fit comfortably in Texas. And the USA alone wastes enough food every year to feed the world.
CaptainUnderpant
+12
Level 81
Nov 8, 2023
It's not a problem of fitting people into physical space. The way we treat and run the planet is not sustainable for a world population approaching 10 billion.
IsleAuHaulte
+2
Level 92
Jul 5, 2025
Not comfortably. It would be more densely populated than overcrowded New York City in an area of 630,000 square kilometers. You inadvertently showed how overcrowded the Earth is. With the majority of land uninhabitable or unfit for growing food, plus ever increasing air pollution and destruction of the atmosphere, why shouldn't we shrink our population?
Danem20
+11
Level 88
Mar 1, 2024
Earth has plenty of resources and living space. What we do have is an overabundance of greed and inequitable distribution of resources thanks to rich, powerful, selfish pigs. And apparently a very effective propaganda campaign that poses life, not greed, as the source of the problem.
999uuu1
+2
Level 43
Mar 14, 2024
The growth rate across the world is shrinking constantly. Don't worry.
MyrmidonPantheon
+1
Level 56
Jun 24, 2025
That's why God created Musk
GlaucusExquisita
+1
Level 78
Sep 29, 2025
Overpopulation is an issue, but Earth is very unlikely to face an ever-increasing amount of people. Birth rates tend to follow a trend as a society modernizes, which includes a phase of the type of population boom we're seeing in many countries right now. There's a lot of variety in future estimates of world population, but they all plateau and fall eventually.

There could be an argument that social/religious attitudes may prevent this, but they would have to be VERY extreme. Bangladesh is at or below replacement rate, as is Iran (a literal theocracy). Mormons are encouraged to have many children, but their fertility rate is still falling. You would need a population following an ideology like ISIS's to get truly unchecked growth.

We may still end up with too many people. We might already have too many people to sustainably support a middle-class lifestyle for all of us. But it's not gonna go up forever. Even DRC will join us in pop decline one day if it can get past all this conflict.

MrSchickadance
+1
Level 62
Mar 1, 2017
I hardly got any for the longest time and then I got south korea, taiwan, and singapore. Then I just started guessing in Europe and got them all with 0:29 to spare!
seechdog
+4
Level 69
Apr 28, 2017
No Vatican???
Cheviot
+2
Level 95
Jul 17, 2018
My Italian colleague is incensed by this quiz! He is of the belief that a woman only has to sit on a chair - recently occupied by a red-blooded Italian male - to immediately fall pregnant with triplets!
ander217
+1
Level 73
Dec 23, 2018
They told us the same thing in junior high, and we girls were to stay far away from any red-blooded male, Italian or otherwise. :)
bezz
+4
Level 71
Dec 14, 2018
I would think that Vatican City would have the lowest birth rate on the planet.
matthias144
+2
Level 83
Dec 23, 2018
If they would have more than 0.0 heads would roll
Fianchetto
+2
Level 78
Mar 14, 2024
There are still a few women (swiss guard wives) and considering their religious beliefs I think they would have a higher birthrate.
AndreasP96
+1
Level 75
Dec 23, 2018
1,67 for the Czech Republic according to the Czech Statistical Office.
quizzicalguy
+3
Level 69
Jan 25, 2019
At this rate (and with zero immigration), Singapore will be empty of people in 358 years.
Malbaby
+2
Level 70
Mar 11, 2019
Should be titled "Countries with best Contraception"
Asterlan
+4
Level 57
Oct 16, 2020
I don’t think Poland is known for having friendly abortion laws.
joeythelemur
+14
Level 80
Apr 14, 2022
Contraception ≠ abortion
Hollywood
+4
Level 60
Aug 2, 2019
The rules I used when guessing were:

1. Is the country not run by religious fundamentalists?

2. Are there things to do to keep the people occupied?

Only missed Cyprus and Singapore

CaptainUnderpant
+4
Level 81
Nov 8, 2023
Correlation not causation, I think. Most countries are not run by religious fundamentalists and generally, there are things in the world to keep people busy (one of which is making other humans). Not sure it's the most rigorous set of rules.
JackintheBox
+1
Level 82
Oct 25, 2019
Wow, I tried all countries in Europe (except Luxembourg and Liechtenstein) but Poland!
JackintheBox
+1
Level 82
Oct 25, 2019
What are the fertility rates in Monaco and San Marino?
Jacktheguy
+1
Level 93
Nov 20, 2019
If we're using the source for the quiz, Monaco is 1.53 and San Marino is 1.50.
JackintheBox
+1
Level 82
Apr 3, 2020
Okay, interesting, somewhat higher than I thought.
GrecoSerb
+1
Level 50
Oct 25, 2019
Why so many Slavic countries? Where is Mother Russia to help us?
kalbahamut
+5
Level 79
Apr 24, 2020
Poor countries often have poor education systems and widespread ignorance and religiosity, in addition to low standards of living and bad healthcare systems which all combine to produce very high birth rates. However, in Eastern Europe, while most of the countries are relatively poor and the standards of living are relatively low, they also have reasonably high standards for education and healthcare. This produces a population with a low standard of living that is aware of their lot and less interested in reproducing, subjecting their offspring to the same. At the same time they are more aware of and have better access to effective birth control.

Just a theory. There's also widespread alcoholism, depression, and a lot of economic migration which has led to large gender imbalances.

Anderis
+2
Level 76
Sep 6, 2021
I've once heard an opinion that communism has something to do with it. It accelerated the migration from rural to urban areas (rural areas in general have higher fertility rates) without raising the standard of living to the same levels as in Western Europe.
georgekotz
+2
Level 80
Jun 2, 2025
Most Eastern European communist countries used to have relatively high fertility rates, especially considering their very high level of education, which is typically associated with declining births. This was largely attributable to great employment security, universal and equal access to free education and healthcare, as well as specific natalist policies. Ordinary people basically had reason to feel safe and confident about their future and consequently about having children. The reason for the subsequent dramatic decline in birth rates is the societal collapse and persistent insecurity that came along with the transition to a free-market economy.
Quizmaster
+5
Level ∞
Jun 2, 2025
No.

Then, as now, Eastern Europe had some of the world's lowest birth rates.

In some cases, they took extreme action to try to raise them. Romania, for example, banned contraception in 1966. In the subsequent years, more than 100,000 unwanted children were sent to live in cruel, state run orphanages where thousands of them died of neglect.

The legacy of communism is of one of terror, poverty, and death. It has destroyed every country who has tried it.

georgekotz
+2
Level 80
Jun 3, 2025
With the single exception of Romania, and certain restrictions in Bulgaria up to 1973, abortion was legal in every Warsaw Pact country in the post-Stalinist era and provided in public hospitals. Nevertheless, industrialised countries like Czechoslovakia and the Soviet Union had a TFR of around 2 all the way to the final years of communist rule, while most industrialised Western European nations had fallen below that. By the early 2000s, after free-market "reforms", that number was closer to 1, while death rates spiked in many of these countries.

Living in Greece, I've met quite a few immigrants who grew up in the former USSR. Pretty much every one I've asked describes having a modest but safe, stable and mostly happy life back then. Their opinion on Yeltsin's rule was usually too sweary to accurately convey in this comment section.

TheLastFish
+1
Level 71
Jul 11, 2020
These are not the estimates for 2020?! https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/356rank.html
Quizmaster
+2
Level ∞
Jul 11, 2020
Most of them were. But there were some mistakes now fixed.
Quizmaster
+5
Level ∞
Jul 11, 2020
Wouldn't be surprised to see these numbers fall dramatically in the next few years. Hard to make babies if people aren't even dating...
JWatson24
+2
Level 71
Sep 1, 2020
Wasn't there a report recently that said that birth rates were falling basically everywhere outside sub-Saharan Africa? And even in Africa, I'm predicting that sometime in the next few decades birth rates will start falling with more development, increased education, and wider access to birth control.
Quizmaster
+3
Level ∞
Oct 28, 2020
I'm not sure which report you're referring to, but you are right. Some countries with formerly high birth rates, such as Brazil, Saudi Arabia, and Iran have fallen so much they are now below replacement levels. The only country in the developed world with a birth rate above replacement is Israel.
JWatson24
+1
Level 71
Dec 15, 2020
I wanna say I was talking about this when I wrote that comment (I initially read about it in a BBC article).

This, along with another source from the UN seem to indicate declines in fertility rate in Africa are already happening, it's just taking longer than in other parts of the world.

KevinTheCat
+3
Level 68
Sep 19, 2022
Birth rates in Africa are falling decently fast, which we better pray continues, Nigeria might end up with over a billion if it doesn't slow.
jcrayz
+1
Level 73
Jul 17, 2020
In less than a century, it's estimated Africa will have 5x the population of Europe. We will start to see the mass emigration into Europe/North America/Arabian Peninsula just to fill the needs of their existing societies. We will all be the same color at some point :)
driehoek25
+10
Level 70
Sep 1, 2020
That does not make me happy and I'm not talking about the colour. Im talking about the culture what these people take with them to Europe. It will ruin the European peoples and their cultures.
BlackJohn
+2
Level 79
Jan 16, 2021
It's funny how the technologically advanced countries will die out for failing at the simplest task of natural life, which is to survive and reproduce.

I personally don't mind one bit, I will be long dead and have zero concerns about the world and the changes that affect it.

999uuu1
+5
Level 43
Mar 14, 2024
Euros are so funny about immigrants.

North and South America has taken in boatloads of immigrants for hundreds of years and they haven't fallen to pieces.

brandybuck96
+1
Level 82
Mar 15, 2024
because all the countries in the Americas are so positive about immigration especially the big one between Mexico and Canada which has never wanted to build walls to stop immigration ever
IsleAuHaulte
+2
Level 92
Jul 5, 2025
999uuu1, tell that to the native populations.
TheLonelyAlula
+1
Level 57
Nov 10, 2022
By that point, Africa will probably be undergoing economic booms and Europeans will be moving there.
WillemLAif
+2
Level 81
Jul 29, 2020
According to their own studies, around half of the Vatican population have tried real hard with each other and some random dudes in thematic bars in Rome, but the holy spirit has refused to appear. It must be the end of times.
hikikomori
+2
Level 56
Sep 1, 2020
Careerism, reluctance to have a child for personal freedom, and culture in general has a lot to do with it.
twained
+2
Level 60
Sep 2, 2020
Never taken a test where the only two I missed were at the very top of the list.
AndreasP96
+1
Level 75
Sep 2, 2020
Well, I know those are estimates, but those numbers are really off. Czechia for example has 1.71 TFR.
Quizmaster
+2
Level ∞
Oct 28, 2020
Our source is listed.
SpartanLlama
+1
Level 79
Jan 10, 2022
Ran out of time before I could guess Bosnia and Croatia
mf3
+2
Level 90
Apr 14, 2022
I was surprised that Russia and Belarus were not on this list.
kalbahamut
+2
Level 79
Jun 18, 2022
Belarus would be #23 on the list. After that you've got pretty much the rest of Europe, Thailand, and Trinidad and Tobago. Interesting to me if you look at the stats is that if you counted Puerto Rico as a sovereign nation it would show up here between Italy and Spain. But it makes some sense - similar in many ways to the situation I described above for Eastern Europe: poor economy, but relatively high levels of education, yet easy for economic migrants to leave and get jobs elsewhere.
nojik
+6
Level 67
Jun 18, 2022
africans have 10 children each while europeans dont have any. its over.
kalbahamut
+7
Level 79
Jun 18, 2022
What is?
CaptainUnderpant
+9
Level 81
Nov 8, 2023
I always wonder if it's fun to live in a bubble of ignorant fear, hissing at people who aren't like you and crying about how hard your life is. Seems like it wouldn't be.
GlaucusExquisita
+2
Level 78
Mar 7, 2024
Actually from 2015-2020, Africans were on average only having 4.4 children each. (Europeans were having 1.6)
slimequizz
+1
Level 40
Jun 18, 2022
Bruh just name europian countries
kalbahamut
+7
Level 79
Jun 18, 2022
What the heck? Mauritius?
HBK97
+17
Level 78
Jun 18, 2022
We don't like kids :) On a more serious note, for an "African" country, we do have a relatively high standard of living, a good healthcare system and a good education system. Plus, our women are very career-oriented. The fact that we are quite far geographically from the African continent is definitely a factor. In general, our culture and mentality is much more similar to Europe and to a few Asian countries, than to Africa.

I read it somewhere that by 2030 (?), our population will start declining.

Rangerence
+1
Level 65
Jun 20, 2022
I think our population may have already started declining in fact. World Bank shows our population has essentially peaked. Quite sad I think :(
kalbahamut
+2
Level 79
Jun 20, 2022
Why is that sad? I can't imagine you've got much space to expand. You want the country to get very overcrowded?
Rangerence
+10
Level 65
Jun 27, 2022
No, of course I don't want an overcrowded country, although the land could support a higher density from living there. But having a constant population is ideal - it feels like there is a loss of culture almost with a decreasing population (by virtue of less people being alive in that culture).

Regardless, I think these concerns matter less than the autonomy of any individual, and some people will think differently anyway.

TheLonelyAlula
+8
Level 57
Nov 10, 2022
Mauritius has a population roughly 1/5 of Singapore, with an area roughly 3x the size of Singapore. So, I think they have more than enough area to expand. But, with a lower population at least the impact on nature is smaller. Mauritius has great natural beauty.
AndreasP96
+1
Level 75
Jun 18, 2022
Its interesting how much the numbers differ. According to the Czech Statistical Office the fertility rate is 1.83.
LivelySainis
+1
Level 53
Jun 18, 2022
Got Mauritius with 1 second left. Also, the fact that most of them are European is interesting.
bxtterflyfx
+1
Level 74
Oct 16, 2022
I literally just typed in Mauritius with 8 secs left and it some how ended up being on there
Cordelia75
+1
Level 55
Jan 27, 2023
A guest essay in the New York Times today said South Korean fertility rate for third quarter 2022 was 0.79.
SpartanLlama
+3
Level 79
May 2, 2023
Got Mauritius somehow. Forgot about China
rabble
+5
Level 68
May 14, 2023
It'd sound kind of nice to hear that a country was self-regulating their population size. Or decreasing density.

Unfortunately some of their governments and outside interests seem quite interested in destroying their population's cultures by shipping in third world leeches.

Imagine travelling to Japan, stepping out of the airport, and seeing little Haiti. What a tragedy ):

CaptainUnderpant
+19
Level 81
Nov 8, 2023
What? Sweet lord, I hope you get some help. "I'm so sad that these imported infidels are ruining my culture with their own filthy, underdeveloped ways." The world is globalizing. Rapidly. Try learning something new instead of cowering in fear because people from a country that isn't Japan somehow ended up in Japan. Is that really a tragic highlight to you in today's world?
GlaucusExquisita
+2
Level 78
Mar 7, 2024
Hm, what do you mean by "outside interests"?
999uuu1
+10
Level 43
Mar 14, 2024
leeches? i bet those immigrants work harder than you do.
Jiaozira
+7
Level 72
Jun 19, 2025
I live in Canada, a country which sees a lot of immigration, very noticeably in the last five years. The only leeches here are the people who are offended that people with different cultures or skin colours have chosen to settle in this beautiful corner of the world :)
Dostojevski
+1
Level 45
Dec 4, 2023
Finland sweden norway denmark and iceland should all be on the list they are 1.3-1.7
fanofturkey
+1
Level 39
Feb 26, 2024
A bit harder than the highest fertility quiz
Cartmenez
+1
Level 36
Mar 15, 2024
Wow, never knew Jamaica was that low
EricF
+1
Level 81
Oct 3, 2024
Jamaica got me
Anderis
+2
Level 76
Oct 21, 2024
According to the newest data, Poland is at 1.16 and I've heard South Korea is at 0.7 but didn't verify it.
nerdalert
+3
Level 89
Jun 19, 2025
Dang, this keeps dropping and dropping. Kind of hilarious for someone who grew up being taught Malthus as fact.
Quizmaster
+2
Level ∞
Jun 19, 2025
Social media and its consequences have been a disaster for the human race.
mrputter
+3
Level 89
Jun 19, 2025
UAE.

UAE??

UAE??!?!?

wtf. I mean, I'm not, uhhh, disputing it, necessarily. But I am picking my jaw up off the floor. Everything I know about the country (nota bene: I lived there for 5 years), is that the fertility rate among the citizenry is really high, not low...!

Or at least, it used to be. Has it really changed that much in the last 15-odd years?

cpec
+1
Level 75
Jun 19, 2025
I was surprised too. The number of births is increasing its because the number of foreigners (mostly single men) is increasing so much that they are bringing the statistic down. Native born birth rates are above replacement but they are a small percent of the population now. The population pyramid there is insane. It's a huge spike in working age men and nothing more.
Quizmaster
+4
Level ∞
Jun 19, 2025
Fertility is measured in terms of children per woman, so the vast army of working-class men from the subcontinent don't factor in.
mf3
+1
Level 90
Jun 19, 2025
So why is Lithuania fading while the folks in Estonia and Latvia are still pounding away?
Quizmaster
+1
Level ∞
Jun 19, 2025
Fertility in all European countries is abysmal. Lithuania is only slightly worse.
IsleAuHaulte
+3
Level 92
Jul 5, 2025
The few nuns at the Vatican still within childbearing years have really stepped up their game.
LooserFromIndia
+1
Level 50
Aug 20, 2025
Surprisingly difficult
Jezilly
+1
Level 80
Aug 21, 2025
No surprise about Ukraine. All the men are off fighting and many women have shut up shop. I'm Ukrainian and if I was living there I wouldn't be trying to have a baby while the war is on.
PotatoWater28
+3
Level 48
Aug 21, 2025
NWO in the comments promoting population control 😭😭😭
Ludosca
+1
Level 39
Aug 26, 2025
Sad that europe and east asia are dying out
DynaIsEpic
+1
Level 59
Aug 31, 2025
bro forgot vatican
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