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Cytoskeleton

Microtubules, Microfilaments, Intermediate Filaments
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Linen
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Last updated: September 29, 2024
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First submittedSeptember 29, 2024
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Hint
Answer
What are intermediate filaments powered by?
Nothing
What are microtubules powered by?
GTP
Name one of the two tubulins.
Alpha, Beta
What are actin filaments powered by?
ATP
What does the G in G-actin stand for?
Globular
What does the F in F-actin stand for?
Filament
What stimulates G-actin to form F-actin?
Profilin
What inhibits G-actin assembly?
Thymosin Beta-4
What stimulates F-actin to polymerize further?
Formin
What depolymerizes F-actin?
Cofilin
Which end of actin grows faster after the addition of monomers?
Positive
What protein binds to actin to allow branching?
ARP 2/3
What activates that branching protein?
WASP
This network of actin filament "crawls" and allows for movement
Lamellipodia
What catalyzes that network's movement in the front?
Actin Polymerization
What catalyzes that network's movement in the back?
Myosin
These bind the ECM to the cytoskeleton on focal contacts/focal adhesions
Integrins
Dimers with 2 ATPase heads at one end and a coiled tail at the other end, responsible for muscle contraction.
Myosin-II
Contractive elements of muscle cell
Microfibril
Do plant cells have tensile filaments?
No
Where is cellulose synthesized?
Plasma Membrane
Which protein provides tensile strength in animal connective tissue?
Collagen
This binds to and interacts with the previous protein, allowing cells to crawl through a tissue.
Fibronectin
Negatively charged polysaccharides that help cells resist compression
GAGs
These junctions make epithelium leakproof, and separates the apical and basolateral surfaces.
Tight Junctions
These junctions join actin to bundles.
Adherins Junctions
These junctions join cells together using intermediate filaments.
Desmosome
These junctions are channels that allow for aqueous and inorganic molecules through.
Gap Junctions
These junctions anchor intermediate filaments to the basal lamina.
Hemidesmosome
What connects the cytoplasms of plant cells?
Plasmadesmata
What is the motor protein that moves along microtubules?
Dynein
Which direction does ARP 2/3 nucleate from?
Negative
Which direction does formin nucleate from?
Positive
Gamma-TuRC and Gamma-Tubulin nucleate from which end?
Negative
Which end does dynein move towards?
Negative
Which end does kinesin move towards?
Positive
What is actin formation regulated by?
ATP Synthesis
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