| Language Family - Group | Language | Ethnic Group | Number | Republic (or other) | % Correct |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indo-European - Slavic | Russian | Russians | 110 million | Russian Federation | 97%
|
| Indo-European - Iranian | Tat | Tat people | 1600 | Dagestan | 93%
|
| Indo-European - Slavic | Ukrainian | Ukrainians | 1,9 million (or many more) | Western Russia | 91%
|
| Turkic | Tatar | Volga Tatars | 5,3 million | Tatarstan | 90%
|
| Turkic | Kazakh | Kazakhs | 650.000 | Border to Kazakhstan | 88%
|
| Indo-European | Armenian | Armenians | 1,2 million | Krasnodar Krai | 87%
|
| Northeast Caucasian | Chechen | Chechens | 1,4 million | Chechnya | 87%
|
| Kartvelian | Georgian | Georgians | 160.000 | Moscow, more | 87%
|
| Turkic | Uzbek | Uzbeks | 290.000 (or many more) | Moscow, more | 85%
|
| Turkic | Azerbaijani aka Azeri | Azerbaijanis aka Azeris | 600.000 | Border to Azerbaijan | 84%
|
| Uralic - Finnic | Finnish | Ingrian Finns | 20.000 | Leningrad Oblast | 83%
|
| Turkic | Turkmen | Turkmens | 37.000 | Stavropol Krai | 80%
|
| Uralic - Finnic | Estonian | Estonians | 18.000 | Western Russia | 79%
|
| Indo-European - Baltic | Latvian | Latvians | 19.000 | Western Russia | 79%
|
| Indo-European - Iranian | Tajik | Tajiks | 200.000 | Moscow, more | 79%
|
| Indo-European - Germanic | German | Volga Germans | 390.000 | Minority in Altai Krai, Omsk Oblast, Novosibirsk Oblast and more | 79%
|
| Indo-European - Baltic | Lithuanian | Lithuanians | 31.000 | Western Russia | 78%
|
| Turkic | Kyrgyz | Kyrgyz people | 100.000 | 76%
| |
| Indo-European - Iranian | Ossetian/Ossetic | Ossetians | 530.000 | North Ossetia-Alania | 76%
|
| Turkic - Siberian Turkic | Yakut / Sakha | Yakuts / Sakha people | 480.000 | Sakha (aka Yakutia) | 76%
|
| Indo-European - Slavic | Polish | Poles | 50.000 | Western Russia | 75%
|
| Koreanic | Korean | Koryo-saram (Koreans in former USSR) | 150.000 | Vladivostok | 74%
|
| Uralic - Finnic | Karelian | Karelians | 60.000 | Karelia | 71%
|
| Indo-European - Indo-Aryan | Ruska Romani (or Russian) | Ruska Roma | 200.000 | Western Russia | 71%
|
| Turkic | Meskhetian Turkish dialect | Meskhetian/Ahiska Turks | 100.000 | Krasnodar Krai | 70%
|
| Indo-European - Slavic | Belarusian | Belarusians | 520.000 | Western Russia | 67%
|
| Turkic | Bashkir | Bashkirs | 1,6 million | Bashkortostan | 66%
|
| Turkic | Chuvash | Chuvash people | 1,5 million | Chuvashia | 65%
|
| Mongolic | Kalmyk Oirat | Kalmyks | 180.000 | Kalmykia | 64%
|
| Turkic - Siberian Turkic | Tuvan | Tuvans | 260.000 | Tuva | 62%
|
| Mongolic | Buryat | Buryats | 460.000 | Buryatia | 61%
|
| Northeast Caucasian | Ingush | Ingush people | 450.000 | Ingushetia | 61%
|
| Uralic | Komi-Zyryan + Permyak | Komi peoples | 230.000 | Komi | 60%
|
| Uralic | Mari | Mari people | 550.000 | Mari El | 60%
|
| Northwest Caucasian | Abkhaz | Abkhaz people | 11.000 | Caucasus | 58%
|
| Uralic | Udmurt | Udmurts | 550.000 | Udmurtia | 57%
|
| Northwest Caucasian | Adyghe aka West Circassian | Adyghe people (aka Circassians) | 125.000 | Adygea | 56%
|
| Uralic - Samoyedic | Nenets | Nenets people | 45.000 | Nenets Autonomous Okrug and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug | 56%
|
| Turkic - Siberian Turkic | Altai | Altai people | 75.000 | Altai | 55%
|
| Originally Afro-Asiatic - Semitic | Russian (minority Yiddish) | Jews | 160.000 (many more partial descent) | Jewish Autonomous Oblast | 54%
|
| Northeast Caucasian | Avar | Avars | 900.000 | Dagestan | 52%
|
| Turkic | Crimean Tatar | Crimean Tatars | 2400 (excl. Crimea) | 52%
| |
| Northwest Caucasian | Kabardian aka East Circassian (Adyghe) | Kabardians | 520.000 | Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia | 51%
|
| Uralic | Sámi | Sámi people | 1800 | Murmansk Oblast | 51%
|
| Indo-European - Romance | Moldovan (Romanian) | Moldovans | 160.000 | Western Russia | 50%
|
| Uralic - Mordvinic | Erzya + Moksha | Mordvins | 750.000 | Mordovia | 47%
|
| Indo-European - Iranian | Kurdish | Kurds | 23.000 | 46%
| |
| Turkic | Karachay dialect of Karachay-Balkar | Karachays | 220.000 | Karachay-Cherkessia | 43%
|
| Turkic | Balkar dialect of Karachay-Balkar | Balkars | 110.000 | Kabardino-Balkaria | 41%
|
| Turkic - Siberian Turkic | Khakas | Khakas people | 70.000 | Khakassia | 39%
|
| Turkic | Nogai | Nogais | 100.000 | Dagestan | 37%
|
| Chukotko-Kamchatkan | Chukchi | Chukchi people | 16.000 | Chukotka Autonomous Okrug | 36%
|
| Uralic - Ugric | Khanty | Khanty people | 31.000 | Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra | 36%
|
| Uralic - Ugric | Mansi | Mansi people | 12.500 | Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra | 34%
|
| Tungusic | Even (minority) | Evens | 22.000 | Magadan Oblast, Kamchatka Krai, Sakha | 33%
|
| Turkic | Kumyk | Kumyks | 500.000 | Dagestan | 32%
|
| Northeast Caucasian | Lezgin | Lezgins | 470.000 | Dagestan | 32%
|
| Tungusic | Evenki | Evenks | 38.000 | Siberia to Sakhalin | 29%
|
| Northeast Caucasian | Dargwa | Dargin people | 590.000 | Dagestan | 27%
|
| Uralic - Finnic | Veps (minority) | Vepsians | 6000 | Karelia | 27%
|
| Uralic - Finnic | Ingrian (near extinction) | Izhorians | 266 | Leningrad Oblast | 24%
|
| Northeast Caucasian | Lak | Laks | 180.000 | Dagestan | 22%
|
| Northwest Caucasian | Abaza | Abazins | 43.000 | Karachay-Cherkessia | 21%
|
| Eskimo-Aleut / Eskaleut - Eskimo | Central Siberian Yupik | Siberian Yupiks / Yuits | 1700 | Chukotka Autonomous Okrug | 19%
|
| Northeast Caucasian | Tabasaran | Tabasarans | 150.000 | Dagestan | 17%
|
| Turkic - Siberian Turkic | Dolgan | Dolgans | 8000 | Krasnoyarsk Krai | 16%
|
| Chukotka-Kamchatkan | Koryak (minority) | Koryaks | 8000 | Koryak Okrug (in Kamchatka Krai) | 16%
|
| Dené-Yeniseian | Ket (near extinction) | Kets | 1200 | Krasnoyarsk Krai | 15%
|
| Indo-European - Iranian | Talysh | Talysh people | 2500 | Border to Azerbaijan | 15%
|
| Uralic - Samoyedic | Selkup | Selkups | 3600 | Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug | 14%
|
| Northeast Caucasian | Rutul | Rutuls | 35.000 | Dagestan | 13%
|
| Uralic - Finnic | Votic (near extinction) | Votes | 64 | Leningrad Oblast | 13%
|
| Northeast Caucasian | Aghul | Aghuls | 34.000 | Dagestan | 12%
|
| Sino-Tibetan - Mandarin | Dungan | Dungans (Muslim Chinese) | 1600 | Near Kazakhstan | 12%
|
| Chukotko-Kamchatkan | Itelmen (near extinction) | Itelmens | 3100 | Kamchatka Krai | 12%
|
| Tungusic | Nanai (minority) | Nanai people | 12.000 | Khabarovsk Krai and Primorsky Krai | 12%
|
| Turkic - Siberian Turkic | Shor (minority) | Shors | 13.000 | Kemerovo Oblast | 10%
|
| Northeast Caucasian | Tsakhur | Tsakhurs | 12.500 | Dagestan | 10%
|
| Indo-European - Iranian | Kurdish | Yazidis | 40.000 | 10%
| |
| Originally Chukotko-Kamchatkan | Russian | Kamchadals (Russian assimilated) | 1900 | Kamchatka Krai | 9%
|
| Northeast Caucasian | Udi | Udis | 4000 | Rostov Oblast, Krasnodar Krai, Stavropol Krai | 8%
|
| Tungusic | Ulch (near extinction) | Ulchs | 2700 | Khabarovsk Krai | 7%
|
| Tungusic | Udege (near extinction) | Udege people | 1500 | Khabarovsk Krai, Primorsky Krai | 5%
|
| Indo-European | Homshetsi dialect of Armenian | Hemshins | 2000 | Krasnodar Krai | 4%
|
| Turkic | Kumandi dialect of Northern Altai | Kumandins | 2800 | Altai | 4%
|
| Turkic | Tatar | Nağaybäk | 8000 | Chelyabinsk Oblast | 4%
|
| Turkic - Siberian Turkic | Teleut dialect of Southern Altai | Teleuts | 2600 | Kemerovo Oblast | 4%
|