History Quiz: Cradles of Civilisation

The other three are the Tigris–Euphrates Valley, the Nile Valley and the Mesoamerican Gulf Coast.

Many Egyptologists believe that Menes was the pharaoh Narmer, due to the lack of evidence of the former's existence. The other three were, like Narmer, pharaohs of the First Dynasty.

The empire is sometimes considered to be the first in history.

The oldest known docks were those discovered at Wadi al-Jarf in Egypt. The dock at Lothal was, however, the earliest known dock equipped to berth and service ships.

The city is the most ancient found in the Americas. It is believed to have been the model for the urban design used by later civilisations, and artefacts found there include musical instruments and a quipu.

Pit houses, graves and temples have been discovered in the area, which belonged to the civilisation.

Beforehand, pharaohs and the social elite were buried in mastabas.

The sculptures feature almond-shaped eyes, a downturned open mouth, and a cleft head.

It was founded around 5400 BC. Uruk was founded in the 4th millennium BC, Ur was founded c. 3800 BC and Lagash was founded in the 3rd millennium BC.

Archaeologists have also been unable to find any examples of visual art.

The wine would be served during ancestor-worship ceremonies.

The site covers 250 hectares. Harappa covers 150 hectares, Ganweriwal covers 81.5 hectares and Dholavira covers 47 hectares. The pre-Indus Valley settlement Rakhigarhi, which later became an Indus Valley city, covers 350 hectares.

For this reason, the city was given the Latin name Crocodīlopolis. The city was home to a temple that housed a tamed sacred crocodile known as Petsuchos in Koine Greek.

It was a language isolate. Akkadian, which replaced Sumerian as the main spoken language of Mesopotamia (Sumerian lived on as a sacred language), was an East Semitic language.

La Venta was the second major Olmec site, after San Lorenzo. Mixco Viejo was a Maya city, Monte Albán was the first Zapotec capital and El Tajín was part of the Classic Veracruz culture.