| Hint | Answer | % Correct |
|---|---|---|
| Actions to Achieve Circular Economy | Biological Cycle Technical Cycle | 0%
|
| Life Cycle Costing (LCC) | Calculating cost throughout life cycle of a product/object | 0%
|
| Carbon recovery - Cellulose | Cellulose fibre in ww from toilet paper
Uses: Soil conditioner, biomass fuel,raw material for paper pulp
Tech: Advanced pretreatment of WWTP inlet, fine mesh sieves. | 0%
|
| Resource Loops Circular Economy | Closing; creating a circular flow resources
Slowing; extending a products useful life
Narrowing; efficient use of resources | 0%
|
| Carbon recovery - Biopolymers | Convert carbonaceous matter into PHA (polyhydroxyalkanoate), a fully biodegradable biopolymer
Replacing fossil fuel derived polymers
Uses: Water bottles, bags
Tech: Fermentation of sludge to produce volatile fatty acids, feed to PHA accumulating organisms. Recover from organisms | 0%
|
| Circular Economy Assessment | Define inflows and outflows: water, carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous balance. Core Indicators % recirculation of outflow to biological cycle % water discharged to quality requirement Nutrient extraction from water Recovery rate of nutrients from ww Value indicators Represent economic value as well as environmental and societal value | 0%
|
| Social LCA Outcomes | Social hotspots
Identify key areas of social impacts within object of analysis
Highlighting social benefits directly associated with system
Comparing social outcomes across supply chain stakeholder | 0%
|
| Life Cycle Sustainability Analysis | E-LCA + LCC + S-LCA
| 0%
|
| Principle-Based Circular Economy | Eliminate waste and pollution
Circulate products and materials
Regenerate nature | 0%
|
| Social Sustainability | Fostering well being, equity and access to resources for all people: health, education and rights. | 0%
|
| Composting and Anaerobic digestion | From WWTP; biogas, digestate for soil improvement | 0%
|
| Life Cycle Assessment Framework | Goal and scope definition
Inventory analysis
Impact Assessment
Interpretation | 0%
|
| Inventory Ananlysis | Identify and quantify the use of energy, water and materials along with environmental releases | 0%
|
| Sharing | Increases utilisation of products | 0%
|
| Regeneration | Instead of continuously degrading nature, build natural capital. Ensures bioresources are returned to biosphere | 0%
|
| Maintaining | Keeps product in original form, maintains functionality Diverting products to other customers | 0%
|
| Value-Based Circular Economy | Maintains the circular flow of resources by, recovering, retaining or adding to their value whilst contributing to sustainable development | 0%
|
| Cascading | Makes use of products and materials for multiple purposes as they degrade in quality from high value to low value applications, before being returned to the biosphere | 0%
|
| Farming | Manage farms and other sources of biological resources in ways that create positive outcomes for nature
| 0%
|
| Biological Cycle | Materials that can biodegrade and be safely returned to the earth | 0%
|
| Functional Unit | Measures the functionality of a product or service system, enabling fair comparison
| 0%
|
| Water recovery | Membrane filtration, water suitable for irrigation industry, non-potable urban uses
| 0%
|
| Current economic model risks | Population growth
Energy consumption
Water consumption
Climate and ecosystem changes | 0%
|
| Circular Economy Methods | Principle-Based
Action Based
Value Based
Resource Loop | 0%
|
| Impact Assessment | Procedure for classifying and characterising environmental impacts
Key Analytical Methods: 1. Contribution Analysis
2. Sensitivity Analysis
3. Perturbation Analysis
4. Uncertainty Analysis | 0%
|
| Circular Economy | Procurement
Manufacturing
Consumption
Recycling
Disposal | 0%
|
| Economic Sustainability | Promote economic growth and development while ensuring resources are used efficiently and responsibly. | 0%
|
| Action-Based Circular Economy | Refuse
Rethink
Reduce
Reuse
Repair
Refurbish
Remanufacture
Repurpose
Recycle
Recover | 0%
|
| Biological Cycle methods | Regeneration
Farming
Composting and anaerobic digestion
Cascading
Extraction of Biochemical feedstocks | 0%
|
| Technical Cycle | Relevant for products that are used rather than consumed, focusing on how each step allows materials to remain in use rather than becoming waste | 0%
|
| LCA Limitations | Resource intensive - takes long time and lots of data.
Focused results - Environmental performance but not functionality, cost effectiveness etc.
Not a sustainability tool
Model-based | 0%
|
| Environmental Sustainability | Responsible use and protection of natural resources through conservation, renewable energy, reducing environmental harm and ensuring ecosystem remain healthy for future generations | 0%
|
| Refurbish/Remanufacture | Returns products to good working order; restores value. When products can't remain in circulation so undergo changes. | 0%
|
| Technical Cycle Methods | Sharing
Maintaining
Reusing/Redistributing
Refurbish/Remanufacture
Recycling | 0%
|
| Water Sector - Circular Economy | Shift WWT to maximise recovery of resources | 0%
|
| Linear Economy | Short term gains from selling as many products as possible
Not designed for end of life use; throwaway culture
Increases resource scarcity | 0%
|
| Nitrogen recovery - Ammonia stripping | Sludge treatment produces ammonia rich stream, usually returned to wwtp, increasing removal burden.
Uses: fertilisers
Tech: HANSA engineering, converts ammonium ions to ammonia using temp and pH | 0%
|
| Life Cycle Assessment Applications | Strategic planning
Eco-design
Eco-labelling | 0%
|
| Phosphorous recovery - Struvite Precipitation | Struvite ppt can clog pipes; reduce efficiency
Uses: fertilisers
Tech: Ostara Pearl, anaerobic reactor encouraging biomass to release phosphorous. | 0%
|
| Extraction of Biochemical Feedstocks | Taking both post-harvest and post-consumer biological materials as feedstock. Uses biorefineries to produce low-volume high value chemical products. | 0%
|
| Recycle | Transforming products into basic materials and repurposing/ reusing them | 0%
|
| Interpretation Phase | Types of analysis used to address the objective defined in goal and scope phase | 0%
|
| Energy - Biogas recovery | Upgrade biogas to almost pure biomethane
Higher value product
Tech: Membrane separation, pressure swing adsorption | 0%
|
| Recoverable resources WWT | Water
Energy - Biogas upgrading
Nitrogen
Phosphorous
Carbon- Cellulose, Biopolymers | 0%
|
| Goal and Scope | What is the purpose, system boundaries, accuracy, assumptions | 0%
|