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First to successfully reach the geographic South Pole. Also was the first to reach the North Pole and discover a boat-navigatable Northwest Passage Route
Roald Amundsen
Arrived at the South Pole 33 days after the previous answer, died on the return journey
Robert Falcon Scott
Captain of the Belgica, first expedition to overwinter in the Antarctic Circle
Adrien de Gerlache
Most famous for his ship Endurance becoming trapped in ice, forcing his escape to Elephant Island 800 miles away
Ernest Shackleton
Established the Orcadas weather station, defined the Weddell Sea's eastern limits
William Speirs Bruce
Died on an expedition to lay depots across the Great Ice Barrier