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The 495 Most Important People in History - Statistics
General Stats
- This quiz has been taken 164 times
- The average score is 262 of 495
Answer Stats
| Hint | Name | % Correct |
|---|---|---|
| Medieval Islamic philosopher known for "The Book of Letters" and "The Book of Religion" | Al-Farabi | 98%
|
| Islamic theologian and author known for his work "The Revival of Religious Sciences" | Al-Ghazali | 98%
|
| American actor known for "Scarface," "The Godfather," and winning the Oscar for Best Actor | Al Pacino | 98%
|
| French painter and important figure in the transition from Realism to Impressionism known for his work "Luncheon on the Grass" and "A Bar at the Folies-Bergère" | Édouard Manet | 98%
|
| Founder of Christianity | Jesus | 98%
|
| Swiss-French architest and urban planner known for his works like the Villa Savoye and the Unité d'Habitation | Le Corbusier | 98%
|
| Founder of Islam | Muhammad | 98%
|
| Cambodian leader of the Khmer Rouge regime from 1975-1979 | Pol Pot | 97%
|
| German dictator responsible for the Holocaust | Adolf Hitler | 96%
|
| Greek Renaissance and early Baroque painter born in Crete known for "The View of Toledo" | El Greco | 96%
|
| German-born physicist who formulaed the theory of relativity | Albert Einstein | 95%
|
| Grandson of Muhammad martyred in the Battle of Karbala in 680 AD | Husayn ibn Ali | 95%
|
| Founder and Supreme Leader of North Korea known for his policy of Juche | Kim Il-sung | 95%
|
| North Korean leader from 1994-2011 known for his pursuit of nuclear weapons | Kim Jong-il | 95%
|
| Painter of the "Mona Lisa" | Leonardo da Vinci | 95%
|
| Russian novelist known for works like "War and Peace" and "Anna Karenina" | Leo Tolstoy | 95%
|
| Boxer known for his iconic fights like the "Rumble in the Jungle" and "Thrilla in Manila" | Muhammad Ali | 95%
|
| Chinese explorer during the Min Dynasty known for his Treasure Voyages from 1405-1433 | Zheng He | 95%
|
| Formulated laws of motion and universal gravitation | Isaac Newton | 94%
|
| Roman general assassinated on the Ides of March | Julius Caesar | 94%
|
| Deaf composer known for symphonies such as the Fifth and Ninth | Ludwig van Beethoven | 94%
|
| French military leader turned Emperor who met defeat at Waterloo | Napoleon Bonaparte | 94%
|
| Writer of the "Emancipation Proclamation" | Abraham Lincoln | 92%
|
| Argentine Marxist revolutionary who played a key role in the Cuban Revolution | Che Guevara | 92%
|
| Soviet leader who ruled with an iron fist and was one of the Allied leaders in WWII | Joseph Stalin | 92%
|
| French Renaissance philosopher known for his collection "Essays" | Michel de Montaigne | 92%
|
| French philosopher known for works "Discipline and Punish" and "The History of Sexuality" | Michel Foucault | 92%
|
| Elizabethan playwright and poet with timeless works such as "Hamlet" | William Shakespeare | 91%
|
| Scottish-born engineer best known for inventing the telephone | Alexander Graham Bell | 90%
|
| French writer known for his historical novels including "The Three Musketeers" and "The Count of Monte Cristo" | Alexandre Dumas | 90%
|
| English naturalist who formulated the theory of evolution by natural selection | Charles Darwin | 90%
|
| Italian explorer falsely recognized as the discoverer of the America's | Christopher Columbus | 90%
|
| Former American President and the only federal official to be impeached twice | Donald Trump | 90%
|
| Hungarian noblewoman who allegedly killed many young women, earning her the nickname "The Blood Countess" | Elizabeth Báthory | 90%
|
| Empress of Austria and wife of Franz Joseph I known for her beauty | Elizabeth, Empress of Austria | 90%
|
| Longest-reigning monarch in British History who ascended to the throne in 1952 | Elizabeth II of Great Britain | 90%
|
| English monarch known as the "Virgin Queen" and the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn | Elizabeth I of England | 90%
|
| 35th President of the United States often referred to as "Camelot" | John F. Kennedy | 90%
|
| Member of the Beatles who was assassinated in New York at the Dakota building in 1980 | John Lennon | 90%
|
| Russian revolutionary and Marxist theorist known for his leadership of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War | Leon Trotsky | 90%
|
| Indian lawyer and political leader known for his nonviolent resistance against British rule | Mahatma Gandhi | 90%
|
| Italian Renissance artist famous for the "David" and the "Sistine Ceiling" | Michelangelo | 90%
|
| Short-lived pope who served 33 days before his death in 1978 | Pope John Paul I | 90%
|
| Polish-born Pope who served from 1978-2005 | Pope John Paul II | 90%
|
| Leader of the Bolshevik Revolution and founder of the Soviet Union | Vladimir Lenin | 90%
|
| Child prodigy composer of many classical works including "The Magic Flute" | Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart | 90%
|
| Founder of the Mongol Empire | Genghis Khan | 89%
|
| German composer known for his "Brandenburg Concertos" | Johann Sebastian Bach | 89%
|
| German monk who sparked the Protestant Reformation by challenging the Catholic Church's practices | Martin Luther | 89%
|
| First President of the United States of America | George Washington | 88%
|
| Italian sculptor and architect of the Baroque period known for his works "Apollo and Daphne" | Gian Lorenzo Bernini | 88%
|
| French theologian and key figure in the Protestant Reformation known for his work "Institutes of the Christian Religion" and establishment of Calvinism | John Calvin | 88%
|
| Flemish Baroque painter known for his work "The Descent from the Cross" | Peter Paul Rubens | 88%
|
| Ancient Greek philosopher and teacher of Aristotle | Plato | 88%
|
| American inventor from New Jersey known for creating the lightbulb | Thomas Edison | 88%
|
| The third President of the United States and author of the Declaration of Independence | Thomas Jefferson | 88%
|
| Scottish bacteriologist who discovered the antibiotic properities of penicillin | Alexander Fleming | 87%
|
| Russian poet and writer known for his epics such as "Eugene Onegin" and "The Bronze Horseman" | Alexander Pushkin | 87%
|
| Macedonian king who conquered vast lands such as Persia and Egypt | Alexander the Great | 87%
|
| Ancient Egyptian Queen whose relationships with two Roman generals, which forever altered the fate of both the Egyptian and Roman Empires | Cleopatra | 87%
|
| Italian astronomer known for advanced telescope technology | Galileo Galilei | 87%
|
| French heroine and military leader who led the French forces at the Siege of Orléans | Joan of Arc | 87%
|
| English philosopher known for his belief in natural rights, particularly the rights to life, liberty, and property | John Locke | 87%
|
| British economist of the 20th century known for his book "The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money" | John Maynard Keynes | 87%
|
| Three-named assassin of Abraham Lincoln | John Wilkes Booth | 87%
|
| French biologist and chemist known for his discoveries in microbiology, including the development of the rabies vaccine | Louis Pasteur | 87%
|
| Polish-born physicist, chemist, and pioneer in the field of radioactivity | Marie Curie | 87%
|
| South African anti-apartheid revolutionary and the country's first black president | Nelson Mandela | 87%
|
| Controversial Renaissance pope reigning from 1492-1503, famous for his involvement with the Borgia family and the "Banquet of Chestnuts" | Pope Alexander VI | 87%
|
| Ancient Greek philosopher known for his method of questioning | Socrates | 87%
|
| American industrialist and inventor of the Model T | Henry Ford | 86%
|
| One of the twelve apostles of Jesus and regarded as the author of several books in the New Testament | John the Apostle | 86%
|
| Biblical figure known for baptizing Jesus in the Jordan River | John the Baptist | 86%
|
| King of France from 1610-1643 known for his role in the Thirty Years' War and relied on Cardinal Richelieu as his chief minister | Louis XIII of France | 86%
|
| French monarch known as the "Sun King" | Louis XIV of France | 86%
|
| The last king of France before the French Revolution whose execution during the Reign of Terror marked the dissolution of the French monarchy | Louis XVI of France | 86%
|
| King of France from 1715-1774 who ruled during the War of Austrian Succession and the Seven Years' War | Louis XV of France | 86%
|
| Spanish painter and sculptor who co-founded Cubism | Pablo Picasso | 86%
|
| Pope from 1316-1334 known for his conflicts with the Franciscans over poverty and ownership of property | Pope John XXII | 86%
|
| Italian fascist dictator known for his authoritarian regime and alliance with Nazi Germany | Benito Mussolini | 85%
|
| Silent film actor and director known for his character "The Tramp" | Charlie Chaplin | 85%
|
| German philosopher and economist who co-authored "The Communist Manifesto" | Karl Marx | 85%
|
| Biblical figure who led the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt | Moses | 85%
|
| Dutch post-impressionist painter known for his works such as "Starry Night" and "Sunflowers" | Vincent van Gogh | 85%
|
| Ancient Greek poet credited with composing the epics "The Illiad" and "The Odyssey" | Homer | 84%
|
| Unidentified serial killer who terrorized the Whitechapel district, killing and mutilating at least five women | Jack the Ripper | 84%
|
| Biblical fgure known for being one of Jesus' followers and being present at his crucifixion, burial, and the first witness to his resurrection | Mary Magdalene | 84%
|
| Jewish diarist who documented hiding in an attic from the Nazi's during the German occupation of the Netherlands | Anne Frank | 83%
|
| Biblical figure who slayed Goliath with a slingshot | David | 83%
|
| Scottish pholosopher and historian known for his work "A Treatise of Human Nature" | David Hume | 83%
|
| Venetian explorer known for his travels along the Silk Road | Marco Polo | 83%
|
| Co-ruler of England, Scotland, and Ireland with her husband William III of Orange | Mary II of England | 83%
|
| English Queen sometimes referred to as "Bloody ____" | Mary I of England | 83%
|
| Central figure in Christianity revered for her purity and devotion | Mary, mother of Jesus | 83%
|
| Queen beheaded at the order of her cousin, Elizabeth I of England | Mary, Queen of Scots | 83%
|
| French author known for his novels "Les Misérables" and "The Hunchback of Notroe-Dame" | Victor Hugo | 83%
|
| Ancient Greek philosopher and tutor to Alexander the Great | Aristotle | 82%
|
| English philosopher, statesman, and essayist known for his contributions to the scientific method and empiricism, often regarded as one of the founders of modern science | Francis Bacon | 82%
|
| U.S. President during the Great Depression and part of World War II | Franklin D. Roosevelt | 82%
|
| American preacher and civil rights leader known for his "I Have a Dream" speech | Martin Luther King Jr. | 82%
|
| French Post-Impressionist artist known for his depictions of Tahitian life | Paul Gauguin | 82%
|
| English explorer and naval officer known for circumnavigating the globe | Sir Francis Drake | 82%
|
| King of Franks later crowned as the first Holy Roman Emperor | Charlemagne | 81%
|
| Italian Catholic friar and preacher known for founding the Franciscan Order | Francis of Assisi | 81%
|
| Indian spiritual leader who achieved enlightenment under the Bodhi tree | Gautama Buddha | 81%
|
| National Security Advisor and Secretary of State under Nixon and Ford | Henry Kissinger | 81%
|
| Prominent figure in the Civil Rights Movement known for his advocacy of black nationalism, self-defense, and leadership within the Nation of Islam | Malcolm X | 81%
|
| Chinese communist revolutionary who founded the People's Republic of China and initiated the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution | Mao Zedong | 81%
|
| Wife of Louis XVI known for her extravagant lifestyle and untrue quote "Let them eat cake" | Marie Antoinette | 81%
|
| First President of France known for urban planning projects in Paris and involvement in the Crimean War and Franco-Prussian War | Napoleon III | 81%
|
| French Post-Impressionist painter known for his work "Mont Sainte-Victoire" | Paul Cèzanne | 81%
|
| A key figure in the spread of Christianity who was originally known as Saul of Tarsus | Paul the Apostle | 81%
|
| Tsar of Russia known for his efforts to modernize and westernize Russia and is the namesake of a notable Russian city | Peter the Great | 81%
|
| French physicist and husband of Marie who collaborated with her to discover polonium and radium | Pierre Curie | 81%
|
| Flemish Renaissance painter known for his works "The Hunters in the Snow" and "The Tower of Babel" | Pieter Bruegel the Elder | 81%
|
| Dutch painter known for his abstract compositions of geometric shapes such as "Composition with Red, Blue, and Yellow" | Piet Mondrian | 81%
|
| Current leader of the Catholic Church and first Latin American pope | Pope Francis | 81%
|
| Head of the Catholic Church fro 1963-1978 known for continuing the reforms of the Second Vatican Council | Pope Paul VI | 81%
|
| 40th President of the United States known for his role in ending the Cold War | Ronald Reagan | 81%
|
| One of the twelve apostles of Jesus and considered the first pope by the Catholic Church | Saint Peter | 81%
|
| Austrian neurologist and founder of psychoanalysis | Sigmund Freud | 81%
|
| The current President and Prime Minister of Russia known for his tight control over domestic politics | Vladimir Putin | 81%
|
| British PM during World War II | Winston Churchill | 81%
|
| American Founding Father known for his role in the Constituion and electricity experiments | Benjamin Franklin | 80%
|
| French physicist known for his discovery of radioactivity in 1896 | Henri Becquerel | 79%
|
| French artist of the Fauvist movement known for "The Dance" and "Woman with a Hat" | Henri Matisse | 79%
|
| Swiss businessman and social activist who founded the International Committee of the Red Cross | Henry Dunant | 79%
|
| King of France from 1589-1610 and was the first monarch of the House of Bourbon | Henry IV of France | 79%
|
| English king who had six wives | Henry VIII of England | 79%
|
| Yugoslav President from 1953-1980 who led the resistance against Axis occupation during World War II | Josip Broz Tito | 79%
|
| He fiddled while Rome burned | Nero | 79%
|
| Creator of Marvel Comics | Stan Lee | 79%
|
| Scotsman considered the father of modern economics | Adam Smith | 78%
|
| French philosopher known as the founder of positivism and the discipline of sociology | Auguste Comte | 78%
|
| French sculptor known for his works "The Thinker" and "The Kiss" | Auguste Rodin | 78%
|
| American actor and director known for his roles in Western films and directing "Million Dollar Baby" | Clint Eastwood | 78%
|
| Chinese philosopher known for his teachings on ethics, morality, and social relationships | Confucius | 78%
|
| Cuban revolutionary who led Cuba for nearly five decdes and is known for his Marxist-Leninist ideology | Fidel Castro | 78%
|
| German inventor credited with the invention of the printing press, however it had been previously invented in China | Johannes Gutenberg | 78%
|
| Biblical figure known for his betrayal of Jesus, leading to Jesus' arrest and crucifixion | Judas Iscariot | 78%
|
| Jamaican musician known for popularizing reggae music and songs promoting social justice, love, and unity | Bob Marley | 77%
|
| Victorian author of "Great Expectations" and "A Tale of Two Cities" | Charles Dickens | 77%
|
| Donald Trump's opponent in the 2016 Presidential Election | Hillary Clinton | 77%
|
| Austrian composer known as the "Father of the Symphony" and "Father of the String Quartet" | Joseph Haydn | 77%
|
| American actress known for her roles in films such as "Some Like It Hot" and "Gentleman Prefer Blondes" | Marilyn Monroe | 77%
|
| Polish astronomer who proposed the heliocentric model of the solar system | Nicolaus Copernicus | 77%
|
| Serbian-American inventor and engineer known for his contributions to AC electrical systems and wireless communication | Nikola Tesla | 77%
|
| Ancient Egyptian pharaoh who asceded to the throne at a young age and is famous for his tomb, which was discovered nearly intact in the Valley of the Kings | Tutankhamun | 77%
|
| Portugese explorer who led the first expedition to circumnavigate the globeArg | Ferdinand Magellan | 76%
|
| English captain who "discovered" Hawaii | James Cook | 76%
|
| Biblical figure known for his colorful coat, interpretation of dreams, and rise to power in Europe where he saved his family and the nation from famine | Joseph | 76%
|
| British author known for creating the high fantasy world of Middle-earth in works like "The Hobbit" and "The Lord of the Rings" | J. R. R. Tolkien | 76%
|
| Controversial singer from the 80s known as the "King of Pop" | Michael Jackson | 76%
|
| American astronaut and first person to walk on the Moon during the Apollo 11 mission | Neil Armstrong | 76%
|
| Tupelo-born American rockstar commonly referred to as the "King of Rock" | Elvis Presley | 75%
|
| German philosopher known for his dialectical method and work on the philosophy of history | Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel | 75%
|
| Husband of Mary and foster father of Jesus known for his role as a protector of the Catholic Church | Saint Joseph | 75%
|
| Director of "Jaws", "Jurassic Park", and "The Fabelmans" | Steven Spielberg | 75%
|
| "Great" Empress of Russia | Catherine the Great | 74%
|
| Italian poet who authored "The Divine Comedy," an epic describing his journey through Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven | Dante Alighieri | 74%
|
| English novelist known for his dystopian novels "Nineteen Eighty-Four" and "Animal Farm" | George Orwell | 74%
|
| American author from Missouri known for his novels "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" and "Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" | Mark Twain | 74%
|
| British monarch who is the namesake of an era and became the Empress of India | Queen Victoria | 74%
|
| Founding figure of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam | Abraham | 73%
|
| Leader of the Huns who terrorized Europe in the 5th century, earning him the nickname "The Scourge of God" | Attila the Hun | 73%
|
| Florentine noblewoman who became Queen of France as the wife of King Henry II | Catherine de' Medici | 73%
|
| Leader of the Free French Forces during WWII who later served as the President of France from 1959-1969 | Charles de Gaulle | 73%
|
| Bohemian reformer in the 14th and early 15th centuries known for his criticism of the Catholic Church and its authority of the Pope | Jan Hus | 73%
|
| 39th President of the United States who played a key role in brokering the Camp David Accords | Jimmy Carter | 73%
|
| The first female and longest-serving British PM | Margaret Thatcher | 73%
|
| "Mr. _______, tear down this wall!" | Mikhail Gorbachev | 73%
|
| Communist leader of Romania from 1965-1989 known for his oppressive regime containing censorship and human rights abuses | Nicolae Ceausescu | 73%
|
| Inventor of dynamite and namesake for awards given to those who have conferred the "greatest benefit to humankind" | Alfred Nobel | 72%
|
| First Roman Emperor who ushered in the Pax Romana | Augustus | 72%
|
| Lead singer of Queen from Zanzibar | Freddie Mercury | 72%
|
| This Archduke's death was the catalyst for World War I | Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria | 71%
|
| German-British composer known for his operas, oratorios, and instrumental composions such as "Messiah" and the Water Music suite | George Frideric Handel | 71%
|
| Albanian nun known for her humanitarian work in Calcutta, India | Mother Teresa | 71%
|
| Ancient Greek mathematician and namesake of an important geometrical theorem | Pythagoras | 71%
|
| Surrealist artist known for his eccentric personality, flamboyant mustache, and melting clock paintings | Salvador Dalí | 70%
|
| Marcial artist and actor known for movies "Enter the Dragon" and "Fists of Fury" | Bruce Lee | 69%
|
| American writer known for his macabre and Gotic tales such as "The Raven" and "The tell-Tale Heart" | Edgar Allen Poe | 69%
|
| Scottish inventor known for his improvements to the steam engine and for the unit of power named in his honor | James Watt | 69%
|
| Brazilian soccer legend who won three FIFA World Cup titles in 1958, 1962, and 1970 | Pelé | 69%
|
| German composer known for his operas such as "The Ring Cycle" and "Tristan und Isolde" | Richard Wagner | 69%
|
| Christian martyr and patron saint of England, known for slaying a dragon | Saint George | 69%
|
| American actor known for his portrayal of Rocky Balboa and John Rambo | Sylvester Stallone | 69%
|
| Italian explorer and namesake of two continents | Amerigo Vespucci | 68%
|
| Italian violinist and guitarist known as the "Devil's Violinist" | Niccolò Paganini | 68%
|
| The last Emperor of Russia whose abdication marked the end of the Romanov dynasty, resulting in the Russian Revolution and his execution by the Bolsheviks | Nicholas II of Russia | 67%
|
| President of Iraq from 1979-2003 known for his authoritarian rule and involvement in multiple wars including the Iran-Iraq War and the Gulf War | Saddam Hussein | 67%
|
| Turkish Christian saint and bishop of the 4th century who inspired Santa Claus | Saint Nicholas | 67%
|
| British theoretical physicist known for his work on black holes, cosmology, and the nature of universe, as well as his book "A Brief History of Time" | Stephen Hawking | 67%
|
| Carthaginian military commander who famously crossed the Alps with elephants during the Second Punic War | Hannibal | 66%
|
| Russian physiologist known for experimenting with dogs in his work in classical conditioning | Ivan Pavlov | 66%
|
| Italian composer known for his Baroque masterpiece "The Four Seasons" | Antonio Vivaldi | 65%
|
| Spanish dictator from 1939-1975 and played a key role in the Spanish Civil War | Francisco Franco | 65%
|
| Czech-born writer known for his novels and short stories such as "The Metamorphosis" and "The Trial" | Franz Kafka | 65%
|
| Mexican artist known for her self-portraits which often incorporated elements of Mexican culture and symbolism | Frida Kahlo | 65%
|
| German co-author of "The Communist Manifesto" and contributed to works such as "The Condition of the Working Class in England" | Friedrich Engels | 65%
|
| Roman general known for his romance with Cleopatra, leading to his defeat by Octavian | Mark Antony | 65%
|
| First Chancellor of Germany known for his realpolitik diplomacy | Otto van Bismarck | 65%
|
| Portugese explorer and first European to reach India by sea | Vasco de Gama | 65%
|
| The creator of a famous children's entertainment company which gained fame for its movies of classic fairy tales | Walt Disney | 65%
|
| Danish author known for his traditionally gruesome fairy tales such as "The Little Mermaid" | Hans Christian Andersen | 63%
|
| German philosopher known for his concept of the Übermensch and his proclamation of the "death of God" | Friedrich Nietzsche | 62%
|
| The 124th Emperor of Japan who ruled during WW2, signing off on the Pearl Harbor Attack | Hirohito | 62%
|
| Soviet cosmonaut who was the first human to journey into outer space | Yuri Gagarin | 62%
|
| French impressionist painter known for his series of paintings of water lillies | Claude Monet | 61%
|
| Irish novelist known for his work "Ulysses" | James Joyce | 61%
|
| 11th President of the United States known for the annexation of Texas, the Oregon Treaty with Great Britain, and the Mexican-American War | James K. Polk | 61%
|
| Founder of the Reublic of Turkey who led modernization reforms | Mustafa Kemal Atatürk | 61%
|
| English king marked by controversy over the disappearance of his nephews, the Princes in the Tower, and whose death marked the end of the Plantagenet dynasty and the beginning of the Tudor era | Richard III of England | 61%
|
| King of England from 1189 to 1199 known for his leadership during the Third Crusade | Richard I of England | 61%
|
| Famous beheaded wife of King Henry VIII and mother to Elizabeth I | Anne Boleyn | 60%
|
| Ancient Greek mathematician, physicist, and inventor who cried "Eureka!" | Archimedes | 60%
|
| Tsar of Russia from 1547-1584 known for his centralization of power and brutal suppression of dissent | Ivan the Terrible | 60%
|
| Italian Renaissance political philosopher and author of "The Prince", known for his pragmatic views on power and governance | Niccolò Machiavelli | 60%
|
| Russian composer known for his romantic and expressive music, including ballets like "Swan Lake" and "The Nutcracker" | Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky | 60%
|
| Dutch Golden Age painter known for works such as "The Night Watch" | Rembrandt | 60%
|
| English film director known as the "Master of Suspense" for his works "Psycho" and "The Birds" | Alfred Hitchcock | 59%
|
| French writer known for his novel "The Little Prince" | Antoine de Saint-Exupéry | 59%
|
| Hungarian composer and virtuoso pianist of the Romantic era, known for his contributions to the development of the symphonic poem | Franz Liszt | 59%
|
| Polish composer and virtuoso pianist known for his compositions including nocturnes, preludes, and waltzes | Frédéric Chopin | 59%
|
| Italian Renaissance painter known for his work "The School of Athens" | Raphael | 59%
|
| English author known for her murder mysteries | Agatha Christie | 58%
|
| Early Christian theologian and philosopher known for his works "Confessions" and "The City of God" | Augustine of Hippo | 58%
|
| Eighth President of the United States known for serving during the Panic of 1837 | Martin Van Buren | 58%
|
| English philosopher known for his political theory outlined in his work "Leviathan" | Thomas Hobbes | 58%
|
| Italian physicist of the 19th century known for his invention of the electric battery | Alessandro Volta | 57%
|
| French fashion designer who collaborated with the Nazi's during World War II | Coco Chanel | 57%
|
| Austrian scientist and Augustinian friar known as the father of modern genetics | Gregor Mendel | 57%
|
| Ancient Greek physicia often referred to as the "Father of Medicine" who lent his namesake to a crucial oath for medical ethics | Hippocrates | 57%
|
| Native American woman who played a significant role in the early history of the Jamestown settlement | Pocahontas | 57%
|
| Biblical king known for his wisdom, wealth, and building the First Temple in Jerusalem | Solomon | 57%
|
| Norwegian painter known for his work "The Scream" | Edvard Munch | 56%
|
| He thought therefore he was | René Descartes | 56%
|
| Italian Dominican friar and theologian, and a jurist in the tradition of scholasticism from the county of Aquino | Thomas Aquinas | 56%
|
| 15th-century ruler of Wallachia who gained infamy from his cruel methods of punishment and served as the inspiration for Dracula | Vlad the Impaler | 56%
|
| Scottish leader of the resistance against England in the Wars of Scottish Independence | William Wallace | 56%
|
| Roman emperor known for his conversion to Christianity, leading towards the Christianization of the empire | Constantine the Great | 55%
|
| Austrian composer known for his lieder and works such as "Ave Maria" | Franz Schubert | 55%
|
| Spanish conquistador whose conquest of Tenochtitlan in 1521 ended the Aztec Empire | Hernán Cortès | 55%
|
| English author known for his work "Utopia" and serving as the Lord Chancellor under Henry VIII | Thomas More | 55%
|
| French chemist known as the "father of modern chemistry" | Antoine Lavoisier | 54%
|
| French poet known for his work "Les Fleurs du Mal" | Charles Baudelaire | 54%
|
| Swiss-French philosopher known for his work "The Social Contract" | Jean-Jacques Rosseau | 54%
|
| German writer, poet, and statesman known for his work "Faust" and contributions to the Sturm und Drang literary movement | Johann Wolfgang van Goethe | 54%
|
| Archduchess of Austria and Queen of Hungary and Bohemia known for her reforms and efforts to modernize the Habsburg Monarchy | Maria Theresa | 54%
|
| British scientist credited with the discovery of electromagnetic induction and principles underlying the operation of electric motors and generators | Michael Faraday | 54%
|
| Persian mathematician who pioneered the development of algebra, introduced the concept of algorithms, and laid the foundation for modern mathematics and computer science | Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi | 54%
|
| German novelist and 1929 Nobel Prize in Literature laureate known for "Buddenbrooks" | Thomas Mann | 54%
|
| Russian novelist known for works such as "Crime and Punishment" and "The Brothers Karamazov" | Fyodor Dostoevsky | 53%
|
| German philosopher known for his work in metaphysics, ethics, and epistemology | Immanuel Kant | 53%
|
| Thracian gladiator who led a slave revolt against the Roman Republic in the Third Servile War | Spartacus | 53%
|
| French Enlightenment writer and philosopher known for his advocacy for freedom of speech, religion, and separation of church and state | Voltaire | 53%
|
| Ancient Greek storyteller known for his fables, often featuring animals with human characteristics | Aesop | 52%
|
| British computer scientists known for breaking the German Enigma code | Alan Turing | 52%
|
| Roman Emperor known for his tyrranical rule and insanity, declaring himself a god and ordering the assassination of political rivals | Caligula | 52%
|
| Ancient Greek mathematician known as the "Father of Geometry" | Euclid | 52%
|
| Scottish physicist known for his equations which describe the behavior of electric and magnetic fields | James Clerk Maxwell | 52%
|
| Roman Emperor known for his Stoic philosophy and work "Meditations" | Marcus Aurelius | 52%
|
| One of the four canonical gospels in the New Testament and one of the Twelve Apostles | Matthew the Apostle | 52%
|
| Norwegian explorer known for leading the first expedition to reach the South Pole in 1911 | Roald Amundsen | 52%
|
| British writer best known for creating the fictional detective Sherlock Holmes | Arthur Conan Doyle | 51%
|
| King of Judea from 37-4 BC known for expanding the Second Temple of Jerusalem | Herod the Great | 51%
|
| Frankish military leader known for his victory over the Moors at the Battle of Tours | Charles Martel | 50%
|
| Holy Roman Emperor known for his role in the Protestant Reformation, conflicts with the Ottoman Empire, and abdication in 1556 | Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor | 50%
|
| Prolific American novelist known for his works "A Farewell to Arms" and "The Sun Also Rises" | Ernest Hemingway | 50%
|
| French novelist known as the "Father of Science Fiction" and known for his adventure novels such as "Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea" | Jules Verne | 50%
|
| Cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad and the fourth caliph of Islam | Ali | 49%
|
| Emperor of Austria from 1848-1916 whose reign ultimately led to the decline of the Austro-Hungarian Empire | Franz Joseph I of Austria | 49%
|
| The first female German Chancellor who served from 2005-2021 | Angela Merkel | 48%
|
| Russian chemist known for his creation of the Periodic Table of Elements | Dmitri Mendeleev | 48%
|
| German poet and playwright known for his works "William Tell" and "Ode to Joy" | Friedrich Schiller | 48%
|
| Russian "Mad Monk" | Grigori Rasputin | 48%
|
| American singer-songwriter in the 60s known for her song "Me and Bobby McGee" | Janis Joplin | 48%
|
| German astronomer known for his laws of planetary motion and work on optics ad astronomy | Johannes Kepler | 48%
|
| French-Algerian author known for his novels "The Stranger" and "The Plague" | Albert Camus | 47%
|
| The son of Zebedee, brother of the apostle John, and one of the Twelve Apostles | James, son of Zebedee | 47%
|
| Roman Emperor who built a wall in Northern England | Hadrian | 45%
|
| Babylonian king known for his law code which established the "eye for an eye" perspective | Hammurabi | 45%
|
| French physicist and mathematician known for his work and electromagnetism and formulating his own Law | André-Marie Ampère | 44%
|
| Russian playright known for his works "The Cherry Orchard" and "Three Sisters" | Anton Chekhov | 44%
|
| Czech composer known for his works "New World Symphony" and "Slavonic Dances" | Antonín Dvorák | 44%
|
| Christian saint and founder of the Benedictine Order | Benedict of Nursia | 44%
|
| Wife of Ferdinand II of Aragon who completed the Reconquista and sponsored the voyage of Christopher Columbus | Isabella I of Castile | 44%
|
| Namesake of Mercedes who invented the first automobile powered by an internal combustion engine | Karl Benz | 44%
|
| Swiss mathematician known for his contributions to calculus, number theory, graph theory, and mechanics, and development of the notation and terminology used in these disciplines | Leonhard Euler | 44%
|
| Roman governor of Judea during the time of Jesus | Pontius Pilate | 44%
|
| Head of the Catholic Church from 2005-2013 who adopted the title Pope Emeritus | Pope Benedict XVI | 44%
|
| First Emperor of China who created construction projects such as the Great Wall of China and the Terracotta Army | Qin Shi Huang | 44%
|
| Ottoman Sultan known for his expansion of the empire, cultural patronage, and legal reforms | Suleiman the Magnificent | 44%
|
| Persian prophet and founder of Zoroastrianism | Zoroaster | 44%
|
| Italin educator known for develoing a method of education emphasizing independence and hands-on learning in children | Maria Montessori | 43%
|
| Chinese military strategist best known for his work "The Art of War" | Sun Tzu | 43%
|
| Italian Renissance sculptor known for the "Bronze David" | Donatello | 42%
|
| Holy Roman Emperor who reigned from 1155-1190 and led the Third Crusade to the Holy Land | Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor | 42%
|
| Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who founded analytical psychology including concepts such as archetypes and collective unconscious | Carl Jung | 41%
|
| Norwegian Romantic composer known for his works the "Peer Gynt" suites | Edvard Grieg | 41%
|
| Biblical patriarch known as the son of Isaac and the father of the twelve tribes of Israel | Jacob | 41%
|
| Flemish painter known for his works the "Arnolfini Portait" and the "Ghent Altarpiece" | Jan van Eyck | 41%
|
| Spanish writer known for his work "Don Quixote" | Miguel de Cervantes | 41%
|
| French astrologer known for his book "Les Propheties", which has been interpreted as predictions of future events | Nostradamus | 41%
|
| Spanish architect known for his designs for the Sagrada Familia basilica in Barcelona | Antoni Gaudí | 40%
|
| Italian composer known for his operas including "La Traviata" and "Aida" | Giuseppe Verdi | 40%
|
| French engineer and architect of a famous Paris Tower named in his honor | Gustave Eiffel | 40%
|
| Leading member of the Nazi Party and the head of the SS and Gestapo | Heinrich Himmler | 40%
|
| Greek historian known for his work "The Histories", which documented the Greco-Persian Wars | Herodotus | 40%
|
| English author of the Regency era known for her works "Emma" and "Persuasion" | Jane Austen | 40%
|
| Dutch painter known for his works "Girl with a Pearl Earring" and "The Milkmaid" | Johannes Vermeer | 40%
|
| Soviet leader who succeeded Stalin, known for his policy of de-Stalinization and role in the Cuban Missile Crisis | Nikita Kruschev | 40%
|
| Holy Roman Emperor who rained from 962-197, known for trying to consolidate royal power in Germany and his patronage of the Catholic Church, eventually canonized as a saint | Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor | 40%
|
| Father of Alexander the Great | Philip II of Macedon | 40%
|
| French playwright, philosopher, and novelist known for his works like "Being and Nothingness" and "No Exit" | Jean-Paul Sartre | 39%
|
| Medieval Muslim military leader known for recapturing Jerusalem from the Crusaders in 1187 | Saladin | 39%
|
| Chinese philosopher and founder of Taoism | Laozi | 38%
|
| Danish physicst who proposed the ____ model of the atom and wo the Nobel Prize in 1922 | Niels Bohr | 38%
|
| Irish author known for his novel "The Picture of Dorian Gray" | Oscar Wilde | 38%
|
| The last German Emperor and King of Prussia who ruled until his abdication at the end of WWI | Wilhelm II, German Emperor | 38%
|
| Son of Abraham and Sarah who almost sacrificed his father as a test of faith | Isaac | 37%
|
| German composer of the Romantic period known for his works "Symphony No. 4", "Piano Concerto No. 2", and the "German Requiem" | Johannes Brahms | 37%
|
| German philosopher known for his work "Being and Time" | Martin Heidegger | 37%
|
| Egyptian king known for her prominent role alongside her husband Pharoh Akhenaten during the 14th century BC | Nefertiti | 37%
|
| Florentine ruler from 1469-1492, ruling during the Renaissance and Golden Age of Florence | Lorenzo de' Medici | 36%
|
| Often depicted as the first disciple caused by Jesus | Andrew the Apostle | 35%
|
| Belgian actress known for her film "Breakfast at Tiffany" and philanthropic work with UNICEF | Audrey Hepburn | 35%
|
| Spiritual leader of Tibetan Buddhism believed to be the reincarnation of Avalokiteshvara | Dalai Lama | 35%
|
| Prolific American novelist of the Roaring Twenties known for his work "The Great Gatsby" | F. Scott Fitzgerald | 35%
|
| Byzantine Emperor known for his codification of Roman law in the Corpus Juris Civilis and construction of the Hagia Sofia in Constantinople | Justinian I | 35%
|
| German physicist known as the father of quantum theory and discovering the equation E=hf | Max Planck | 35%
|
| Columbian drug lord and the leader of the Medellín Cartel | Pablo Escobar | 35%
|
| French Impressionist painter known for his work "Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette" | Pierre-Auguste Renoir | 35%
|
| Italian Renaissance painter known for works such as "The Birth of Venus" and "Primavera" | Sandro Botticelli | 35%
|
| Medieval Central Asian conqueror known for his military campaigns and the establishment of the Timurid Empire | Timur | 35%
|
| Roman poet known for his epic "The Aeneid" | Virgil | 35%
|
| Swedish botanist and taxonomist known a the "Father of Modern Taxonomy" | Carl Linnaeus | 33%
|
| German field marshal in World War II often referred to as the "Desert Fox" | Erwin Rommel | 33%
|
| English nurse during the Crimean War known as the founder of the modern discipline | Florence Nightingale | 33%
|
| Spanish king who launched an armada on England | Philip II of Spain | 33%
|
| French monarch known for the suppression of the Knights Templar and relocation of the papacy to Avignon | Philip IV of France | 33%
|
| German philosopher known for his pessimistic philosophy and work "The World as Will and Representation" | Arthur Schopenhauer | 32%
|
| Roman orator and philosopher known for his mastery of Latin prose, speeches against corrupt politicians, and philosophical works on ethics and politics | Cicero | 32%
|
| Austrian symbolist painter known for his work "Woman in Gold" | Gustav Klimt | 32%
|
| Evil Nazi doctor known as the "Angel of Death" | Josef Mengele | 32%
|
| Libyan dictator who promoted his political philosophy in "The Green Book" and played a key role in the Libyan Civil War | Muammar Gaddafi | 32%
|
| Fourth king of the Persian Achaemenid Empire known for invading Greece and the attles of Thermopylae and Salamis | Xerxes I | 32%
|
| Head of the Republic of China from 1928-1975 known for leading the Nationalist government during the Northern Expedition and the Chinese Civil War | Chiang Kai-shek | 31%
|
| Spanish painter and printmaker known for his depictions of the horrors of war in "The Disasters of War" series | Francisco Goya | 31%
|
| German fashion designer known for his work with Chanel and Fendi | Karl Lagerfeld | 31%
|
| Roman poet known for his works "Metamorphoses" and "Ars Amatoria" | Ovid | 31%
|
| French mathematician known for his Last Theorem which remained unsolved until 1994 | Pierre de Fermat | 31%
|
| Germa composer and music critic of the Romantic era known for "Kinderszenen" | Robert Schumann | 31%
|
| Austrian writer known for his novel "The Royal Game" | Stefan Zweig | 31%
|
| German mathematician and physicist known for his contributions to fields including number theory, algebra, statistics, and electromagnetism, often regarded as one of the greatest mathematicians of all time | Carl Friedrich Gauss | 30%
|
| English writer known for his novel "Robinson Crusoe" | Daniel Defoe | 30%
|
| Italian inventor who pioneered long-distance radio transmission, sending the first transatlantic radio message in 1901 | Guglielmo Marconi | 30%
|
| Prominent figure in Nazi Germany, commander of the Luftwaffe and founder of the Gestapo | Hermann Göring | 30%
|
| American actor known for his roles in "The Godfather" and "A Streetcar Named Desire" | Marlon Brando | 30%
|
| Chairman of the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) who led its efforts to establish a Palestinian state and negotiate with Israel for peace | Yasser Arafat | 30%
|
| Biblical figure who was the older brother of Moses and first heigh priest of the Israelites | Aaron | 29%
|
| French singer-songwriter known for her songs "La Vie en rose" and "Non, je ne regrette rien" | Édith Piaf | 29%
|
| Dutch footballer who played for Ajax and Barcelona | Johan Cryuff | 29%
|
| Babylonian king known for his building projects including the Hanging Gardens of Babylon and was mentioned in the Bible | Nebuchadnezzar II | 29%
|
| Director of "The Shining" and "2001 A Spacy Odyssey" | Stanley Kubrick | 29%
|
| The second Roman Emperor succeeding Augustus | Tiberius | 29%
|
| Columbian author known for his book "One Hundred Years of Solitude" | Gabriel García Márquez | 28%
|
| Biblical figure swallowed by a fish after tryign to flee from God's command to preach in Ninevah | Jonah | 28%
|
| Canadian rock band from the 1970's known for their experimental style, blending hard and progressive rock and new wave | Max Webster | 28%
|
| American actor known for his distinctive voice and roles in "Driving Miss Daisy" and "Million Dollar Baby" | Morgan Freeman | 28%
|
| Nazi official captured by Israeli agents in Argentina and tried in Jerusalem for war crimes | Adolf Eichmann | 27%
|
| Portugese Catholic priest and Franciscan friar known for his preaching and sermons | Anthony of Padua | 27%
|
| Roman Emperor famous for marrying his niece Agrippina and being poisoned to make way for Nero's ascension to the throne | Claudius | 27%
|
| Roman Emperor known for his extravagant lifestyle, erratic behavior, and portrayal in the film "Gladiator" | Commodus | 27%
|
| Biblical prophet known for his confrontation with the prophets of Baal on Mount Carmel | Elijah | 27%
|
| Kiwi physicist known as the "father of nuclear physics" who conducted the gold foil experiment leading to the discovery of the atomic nucleus | Ernest Rutherford | 27%
|
| Swedish actress known for her roles in "Casablanca" and "Notorious" | Ingrid Bergman | 27%
|
| French Neoclassical painter known for his paintings "The Apotheosis of Homer" and "The Turkish Bath" | Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres | 27%
|
| Holy Roman Emperor from 1508-1519, known for his marriage to Mary of Burgundy and his efforts to expand Habsburg influence in Europe | Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor | 27%
|
| Egyptian pharaoh who reigned for over 66 years in the 19th dynasty, known for his building projects and military campaigns | Ramesses II | 27%
|
| Turkish PM from 2003-2014 and President since 2014 known for his conservative views and controversial policies on dissent and media censorship | Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | 27%
|
| French actor known for his work in "Purple Noon", "Le Samourai", and "La Piscine" | Alain Delon | 26%
|
| Italian nationalist leader and key fgure in the Risorgimento movement | Giuseppe Garibaldi | 26%
|
| Moroccan explorer who chronicled is travels in "Rihla" | Ibn Battuta | 26%
|
| French playwright known for comedies such as "Tartuffe" and "The Misanthrope" | Molière | 26%
|
| Roman Emperor known for his military conquest in the Dacian Wars and building projects such as ______'s Column and ______'s Forum in Rome | Trajan | 26%
|
| Portugese explorer during the 15th and 16th century known for being the first European explorer to sail around the southern tip of Africa | Bartolomeu Dias | 25%
|
| Ancient Greek philosopher known for founding the Epicureanism school | Epicurus | 25%
|
| Arab scholar known for his work "The Muqaddimah" | Ibn Khaldun | 25%
|
| French novelist known for his work "In Search of Lost Time" | Marcel Proust | 25%
|
| French writer known for her feminist work "The Second Sex" | Simone de Beauvoir | 25%
|
| Ancient Greek playwright known for his tragedies including "Oedipus Rex" and "Antigone" | Sophocles | 25%
|
| Austrian composer and conductor of the late Romantic period known for his symphonies such as "Symphony No. 2" and "Symphony No. 5) | Gustav Mahler | 24%
|
| Leader of the Catholic Church during WWII criticized for his response to the Holocaust | Pope Pius XII | 24%
|
| Ancient Greek astronomer and geographer who proposed a geocentric model of the universe | Ptolemy | 24%
|
| Iranian Shia Muslim religious leader who led the 1979 Iranian Revolution | Ruhollah Khomeini | 24%
|
| German painter, printmaker, and theorist known for detailed and realistic portraits, religious works, and woodcuts | Albrecht Dürer | 23%
|
| 70s performer, fashion idol, and the first singer to use autotune | Cher | 23%
|
| "Great" king of the Persian Achaemenid Empire known for his inscription at Behistun | Darius the Great | 23%
|
| Norwegian playwright known for his works "A Doll's House", "Hedda Gabler", and "Ghosts" | Henrik Ibsen | 23%
|
| American busuiness magnate and aviator known for the "Spruce Goose" aircraft | Howard Hughes | 22%
|
| Ottoman Sultan ruling from 1595-1603 and signed the Treaty of Constantinople with Austria | Mehmed III | 22%
|
| Ottoman Sultan known or his conquest of Constantinople in 1453 which ended the Byzantine Empire | Mehmed the Conqueror | 22%
|
| Prominent Athenian general known for his leadership in the Peloponnesian War | Pericles | 22%
|
| Danish philosopher often considered the "father of existentialism" known for "Either/Or" | Søren Kierkegaard | 22%
|
| Dutch Renaissance humanist and theologian known for his critical edition of the New Testament and promoting classical learning and Christian humanism | Erasmus | 21%
|
| Swedish king known as the "father of modern warfare," instrumental in the Thirty Years' War | Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden | 21%
|
| Russian composer known for ballet scores "The Rite of Spring" and "The Firebird" | Igor Stravinsky | 21%
|
| English Romantic poet associated with "Don Juan" and infamous for his scandalous life | Lord Byron | 21%
|
| American socialite whose marraige to King Edward VIII led to his abdication | Wallis Simpson | 21%
|
| Chinese leader who rose to power after Mao Zedong's death | Deng Xiaoping | 20%
|
| German polymath known for his development of differential and integral calculas independently of Isaac Newton | Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz | 20%
|
| Dutch philosopher knwon for his works such as "Ethics" and "Tractatus Theologio-Politicus" | Baruch Spinoza | 19%
|
| French mathematician, physicist, and philosopher known for his contributions to probablity theory and his law in fluid mechanics | Blaise Pascal | 19%
|
| Roman Emperor from 284-305 AD known for his efforts to stabilize Rome during the Crisis of the Third Century | Diocletian | 19%
|
| French novelist known for her works "Germinal", "Nana," and "Thérèse Raquin" | Émile Zola | 19%
|
| Italian writer of the 14th century known for his work "The Decameron" | Giovanni Boccaccio | 19%
|
| Swiss writer known for his novels "Siddhartha", "Steppenwolf", and "The Glass Bead Game" | Hermann Hesse | 19%
|
| Dutch painter known for his works "The Garden of Earthly Delight" and "The Last Judgement" | Hieronymus Bosch | 19%
|
| Austrian philosopher known for his work "Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus" | Ludwig Wittgenstein | 19%
|
| German actress and singer famous for her roles in "The Blue Angel and Morocco" | Marlene Dietrich | 19%
|
| Italian Baroque painter known for his realistic and often provocative depictions of religious and mythological subjects | Caravaggio | 18%
|
| Greek poet from Lesbos known for her works "Ode to Aphrodite" and "Hymn to Aphrodite" | Sappho | 18%
|
| Italian Renaisance painter known for "Veus of Urbino" and "Bacchus and Adriadne" | Titian | 18%
|
| Italian author known for his novel "The Name of the Rose" | Umberto Eco | 18%
|
| Emperor of the Maurya Dynasty from 268-232 BC known for his conversion to Buddhism after the Kalinga War | Ashoka | 17%
|
| French actress and singer known for her work in "And God Created Woman" | Brigitte Bardot | 17%
|
| Italian composer known for his operas "La Bohème" and "Madame Butterfly" | Giacomo Puccini | 17%
|
| Polish cofounder of the Spartacus League and German Communist Party | Rosa Luxemburg | 17%
|
| French novelist known for his work "La Comédie Humaine" | Honoré de Balzac | 16%
|
| Swedish author best known for her children's book series featuring Pippi Longstocking | Astrid Lindgren | 15%
|
| French statesman known for centralizing power under the monarchy during the reign of Louis XIII and featured in Dumas' "The Three Muskateers" | Cardinal Richelieu | 15%
|
| Enlightenment writer best known for co-editing and contributing to the "Encyclopédie" | Denis Diderot | 15%
|
| Greek philosopher and one of the founders of Cynicism, who lived in a large ceramic jar | Diogenes | 15%
|
| French Romantic painter known for his work "Liberty Leading the People" | Eugène Delacroix | 15%
|
| Greek physician known for his work "On the Natural Faculties" | Galen | 15%
|
| Founder anf first ruler of the Ottoman Empire | Osman I | 15%
|
| Pope from 590-604 known for sending misisonaries to evangelize England | Pope Gregory I | 15%
|
| Persian poet known for his work "Masnavi" | Rumi | 15%
|
| Roman philosopher known for his Stoic philosophy and his essays and letters on ethics and morality | Seneca the Younger | 15%
|
| Emperor of Japan from 1989-2019 and the son of former Emperor Hirohito | Akihito | 14%
|
| British philosopher and Nobel laureate known for his work "Principia Mathematica" | Bertrand Russell | 14%
|
| Italian mathematician who introduced the Hindu-Arabic numeral system to Europe | Fibonacci | 14%
|
| French writer known for exploring taboo subjects in "Justine" and "The 120 Days of Sodom" | Marquis de Sade | 14%
|
| Persian mathematician poet known for his poem Rubaiyat" and work on algebra and geometry | Omar Khayyam | 14%
|
| Ottoman Sultan from 1512-1520 known for the conquest of Egypt and the Levant | Selim I | 14%
|
| Ottoman Sultan who ruled from 1566-1574, known for his military campaigns in the Mediterranean and conquest of Cyprus | Selim II | 14%
|
| Pseudonym of Marie-Henri Beyle known for novels "The Red and the Black" | Stendhal | 14%
|
| Greek playwright often referred to a the "Father of Tragedy" known for "Agamemnon" | Aeschylus | 13%
|
| Persian polymath known for his contributions to medicine, philosophy, and science, and the author of "Canon of Medicine" | Avicenna | 13%
|
| Athenian philosopher often regarded as the "father of modern science" and one of the founders of atomic theory | Democritus | 13%
|
| French philosopher and political theorist known for his work "The Spirit of the Laws" | Montesquieu | 13%
|
| Roman Emperor from 69-79 AD known for restoring stability after the Year of Four Emperors | Vespasian | 13%
|
| Roman artist known for pioneering abstract art and his painting "Composition VII" | Wassily Kandinsky | 13%
|
| Italian philosopher, astronomer, and mathematician who advocated for the Copernican heliocentric model, leading to his condemnation by the Roman Catholic Church | Giordano Bruno | 12%
|
| Wife of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent and played a crucial role in the politics of the Ottoman Empire | Hurrem Sultan | 12%
|
| Pope during the Protestant Reformation known for his refusal to annul Henry VIII's marriage to Catherine of Aragon, leading to the creation of the Church of England | Pope Clement VII | 12%
|
| Athenian playwright known as the "Father of Comedy" for his works "Lysistrata" and "The Clouds" | Aristophanes | 11%
|
| Japanese artist known for his woodblack print series "Thirty-Six Views of Mount Fuji" | Hokusai | 11%
|
| Bengali writer and composer who won a Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913 for his work "Gitanjali" | Rabindranath Tagore | 11%
|
| Ancient Greek philosopher often considered the first Western philosopher, known for his contributions to geometry and inquiries into the nature of the universe | Thales of Miletus | 11%
|
| Greek historian known for his work "History of the Peloponnesian War" | Thucydides | 11%
|
| Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1603-1617 known for his successful war against Persia and unsuccessful campaigns against the Habsburg Monarchy | Ahmed I | 10%
|
| Athenian playwright known for his work "Medea" and "The Bacchae" | Euripedes | 10%
|
| Roman poet during the reign of Augustus known for his concept of "Carpe Diem" | Horace | 10%
|
| Ottoman Sultan who notably captured the Greek city Thessaloniki | Murad I | 10%
|
| Ottoman Sultan from 1574-1595 known for expanding Ottoman territory in Eastern Europe and the Caucasus | Murad III | 10%
|
| Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1623-1640 known for implementing strict laws to restore order | Murad IV | 10%
|
| Carolingian king of the Franks and the father of Charlemagne | Pepin the Short | 10%
|
| Greek biographer known for his work "Parallel Lives" and "Moralia" | Plutarch | 10%
|
| Islamic caliph and companion of the Prophet Muhammad, known for his role in the early expansion of Islam and effective leadership as the second caliph following Muhammad's death | Umar | 10%
|
| Egyptian pharoh known for his religious reforms and moving the Egyptian capital to modern-day Amarna | Akhenaten | 9%
|
| Ottoman Sultan from 1481-1512 known for defeating the Mamluks in 1517 | Bayezid II | 9%
|
| Greek mathematician and astronomer known for calculating the Earth's circumference and developing the disciple of geography | Eratosthenes | 9%
|
| Greek philosopher known for his doctrine of change and flux, stating "you cannot step in the same river twice" | Heraclitus | 9%
|
| Founder of the Jesuits and Spanish priest who wrote "Spiritual Exercises" | Ignatius of Loyola | 9%
|
| Italian poet and scholar known as the "Father of Humanism", known for his sonnets dedicated to his idealized love interest, Laura | Petrarch | 9%
|
| Italian author known for his memoir "Histoire de ma vie" | Giacomo Casanova | 8%
|
| Ottoman architect known for constructing the Süleymaniya Mosque in Istanbul in the 1500s | Mimar Sinan | 8%
|
| Roman Emperor from 379-395 AD and the last emperor to rule over both the eastern and western halves of the empire | Theodosius I | 8%
|
| Mughal Emperor who ruled from 1556-1605, known for religious tolerance, art, and culture | Akbar | 7%
|
| French sociologist known for exploring social institutions in her work "The Division of Labor in Society" | Émile Durkheim | 7%
|
| Greek scholar in Alexadria murdered in 415 AD due to religious and political tensions | Hypatia | 7%
|
| Swiss Renaissance alchemist known for his work "On the Miners' Sickness and Other Diseases of Miners" | Paracelsus | 7%
|
| Albanian military commader who led a successful rebellion against the Ottoman Empire | Skanderbeg | 7%
|
| Ottoman Sultan who ruled from 1876-1909 and led to the decline of the Ottoman Empire | Abdul Hamid II | 6%
|
| Pharoah of Egypt during the New Kingdom known for building the Temple of Luxor | Amenhotep III | 6%
|
| Chinese philosopher and historian known for his studies of Chinese history, particularly during the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period | Huang Xianfan | 6%
|
| Ottoman Empress influential during the reigns of her sons Murad IV and Ibrahim I | Kösem Sultan | 6%
|
| Ottoman Sultan from 1389-1402 defeated by Timurid at the Battle of Ankara | Bayezid I | 5%
|
| Muslim prophet from Andalusia during the Islamic Golden Age known for seeking to reconcile Aristotelian philosophy with islamic theology and jurisprudence | Averroes | 4%
|
| Indian spiritual leader and teacher who established a commune in Oregon | Rajneesh | 4%
|
| Christian theologian and scholar known for his work "On First Principles" | Origen | 3%
|
| Japanese poet of the Edo perod known for his haiku "The Narrow Road to the Deep North" | Matsuo Bashō | 2%
|
| Third caliph of Islam known for compiling the Quran into a single text | Uthman | 2%
|
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