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Origin
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Insertion
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Action
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Answer
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Iliac fossa & ala of sacrum
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Lesser trochanter of femur
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Thigh flexion; with legs fixed, flexes trunk.
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Iliacus (Iliapsoas)
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Transverse processes of vertebrae T12-L5.
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Lesser trochanter of femur
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Thigh flexion; with legs fixed, flexes trunk.
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Psoas Major (Iliapsoas)
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Dorsal ilium, sacrum, coccyx
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Gluteal tuberosity of femur, IT tract
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Major extensor of thigh; abducts, laterally rotates thigh
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Gluteus maximus
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Lateral ilium
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Greater trochanter of femur
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Abducts & medially rotates thigh
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Gluteus medius
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Lateral ilium
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Greater trochanter of femur
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Abducts & medially rotates thigh
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Gluteus minimus
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Anterolateral sacrum
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Greater trochanter of femur
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Laterally rotates thigh; abducts thigh
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Piriformis
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Anterior Superior Iliac Spine, iliac crest
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IT tract
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Stabilizes trunk; (weakly) abducts, flexes & medially rotates thigh
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Tensor fascia lata
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ASIS
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Medial proximal tibia
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Flexes, abducts, laterally rotates thigh; (weak) leg flexor
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Sartorius
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AIIS & superior margin of acetabulum
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Patella & tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
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Extends leg & flexes thigh
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Rectus femoris (Quadriceps)
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Greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line, linea aspera
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Patella & tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
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Extends leg & stabilizes knee
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Vastus lateralis (Quadriceps)
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Medial supracondylar line, intertrochanteric line, linea aspera
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Patella & tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
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Extends leg
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Vastus medialis (Quadriceps)
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Anterior & lateral proximal femur
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Patella & tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
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Extends leg
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Vastus intermedius (Quadriceps)
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Inferior ramus & body of pubis; ischial ramus
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Medial tibia
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Adducts thigh; flexes & medially rotates leg
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Gracilis
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Pubis near pubic symphysis
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Linea aspera
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Adducts, flexes & medially rotates thigh
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Adductor longus
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Ischial & pubic rami; Ischial tuberosity
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Linea aspera; medial supracondylar line, adductor tubercle of femur
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Adducts, flexes & medially rotates thigh
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Adductor magnus
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Body & inferior ramus of pubis
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Linea aspera
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Adducts & medially rotates thigh
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Adductor brevis
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SH – linea aspera, lateral supracondylar & distal femur; LH – ischial tuberosity
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Head of fibula and proximal lateral tibia
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LH: Extends thigh & flexes leg SH: flexes leg
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Biceps femoris (Long head is hamstring)
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Ischial tuberosity
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Medial tibia
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Extends thigh & flexes leg
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Semitendinosus (Hamstring)
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Ischial tuberosity
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Medial tibia
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Extends thigh & flexes leg
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Semimembranosus (Hamstring)
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Medial & lateral condyles of femur
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Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
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Plantar flexes foot & flexes knee
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Gastrocnemius (Hamstring)
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Superior tibia, fibula, interosseous membrane
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Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
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Plantar flexes foot
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Soleus (Hamstring)
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Posterior femur
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Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
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Assists in leg flexion & plantar flexes foot
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Plantaris (Hamstring)
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Lateral condyle of femur
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Proximal tibia
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Flexes & rotates leg medially to unlock knee when flexion begins
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Popliteus (Hamstring)
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Superior tibia & fibula and interosseous membrane
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Tendon runs behind medial malleolus & under foot to tarsals & metatarsals
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Foot inversion (PM)
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Tibialis posterior (Hamstring)
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Lateral condyle & upper tibial shaft, interosseous membrane
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Inferior surface of medial cuneiform
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Foot dorsiflexion (PM); inverts foot
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Tibialis anterior
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Head & upper portion of lateral fibula
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Tendon under foot to first metatarsal & medial cuneiform
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Plantar flexes & everts foot
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Fibularis longus
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Distal fibula shaft
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Tendon behind lateral malleolus insert on proximal fifth metatarsal
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Plantar flexes & everts foot
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Fibularis brevis
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