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Origin
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Insertion
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Action
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Answer
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Occipital bone, nuchal ligament, & spinous processes C7-T12
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Acromion & spine of scapula, lateral clavicle
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Stabilizes, elevates, retracts & rotates (upward) scapula
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Trapezius
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Spinous processes of C7-T5
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Medial border of scapula
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Stabilize scapula; retract, rotate scapula downward
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Rhomboids (major & minor)
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Spinous processes of T7-L5, ribs 9-12, iliac crest
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Intertubercular sulcus of humerus
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Extends (PM), adducts, medially rotates humerus
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Latissimus dorsi
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Sternum, medial clavicle, ribs 1-6; aponeurosis of ext.oblique muscle
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Greater tubercle of humerus
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Flexes (PM), medially rotates, & adducts humerus
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Pectoralis major
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Anterior surface of ribs 3-5 [or 2-4]
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Coracoid process of scapula
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Protract and rotate scapula downward
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Pectoralis minor
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Ribs 1-9
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Medial border of scapula
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Rotates scapula (upward); protracts scapula (PM)
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Serratus anterior
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Lateral ⅓ of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
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Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
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Abduction of humerus (PM); flexion, extension; medial and lateral rotation of humerus
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Deltoid
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Posterior surface of scapula at inferior angle
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Lesser tubercle of humerus
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Extend, medially rotate, and adduct humerus
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Teres major
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SH - coracoid process of scapula LH - supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
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Radial tuberosity
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Flex & supinate forearm (PM); LH can also flex humerus
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Biceps brachii
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Distal anterior humerus
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Coronoid process of ulna
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Flex forearm (PM)
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Brachialis
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Coracoid process of scapula
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Medial surface of humerus
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Flex & adduct humerus
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Coracobrachialis
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LgH - infraglenoid tubercle of scapula LtH & MH - posterior humerus
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Olecranon process of ulna
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Extend forearm (PM)
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Triceps brachii
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Lateral epicondyle of humerus
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Lateral aspect of olecranon of ulna
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Extend forearm
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Anconeus
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Medial epicondyle of humerus
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Fascia of palm
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Tenses skin of palm; weak wrist flexor
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Palmaris longus
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Medial epicondyle of humerus
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Lateral radius
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Pronate forearm
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Pronator teres
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Medial epicondyle of humerus
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Base of second & third metacarpal
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Flex hand at wrist; abduct hand (radial deviation)
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Flexor carpi radialis
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Medial epicondyle of humerus
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Multiplex tendon to middle phalanges II-V
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Flexes hand and middle phalanges of fingers II-V
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Flexor digitorum superficialis
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Medial epicondyle of humerus
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Pisiform & hamate bones & base of fifth metacarpal
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Flex & adduct hand; (ulnar deviation)
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Flexor carpi ulnaris
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Proximal ulna & interosseous membrane
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Multiplex tendon to distal phalanges II-V
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Flex distal inter-phalangeal joints of fingers II-V
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Flexor digitorum profundus
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Distal anterior ulna
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Distal anterior radius
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Pronate forearm (PM)
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Pronator quadratus
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Lateral supracondylar ridge
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Base of styloid process of radius
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Synergist in forearm flexion
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Brachioradialis
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Lateral supracondylar ridge
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Base of second metacarpal
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Extends & abducts hand; (radial deviation)
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Extensor carpi radialis longus
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Lateral epicondyle of humerus
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Base of third metacarpal
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Extends & abducts hand; (radial deviation)
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Extensor carpi radialis brevis
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Lateral epicondyle of humerus
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Multiplex tendon to extensor expansions & distal phalanges II-V
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Extend fingers II-V & hand at wrist
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Extensor digitorum
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Lateral epicondyle of humerus
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Base of fifth metacarpal
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Extend & adducts hand
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Extensor carpi ulnaris
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Subscapular fossa
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Lesser tubercle of humerus
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Medially rotates humerus
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Subscapularis
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Infraspinous fossa
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Greater tubercle of humerus
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Laterally rotates humerus
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Infraspinatus
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Supraspinous fossa
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Greater tubercle of humerus
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Initiates abduction of arm
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Supraspinatus
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Lateral scapula
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Greater tubercle of humerus
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Laterally rotates humerus
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Teres minor
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