Parts of a Neuron

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Last updated: November 25, 2022

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Hint	Answer
the basic unit of the nervous system	neuron
the main part of a neuron containing the nucleus	cell body
a single process extending from the cell body of a neuron, taking impulses away from the cell body	axon
short fibers branching out from the axon or cell body of a neuron that receives impulses from other neurons.	dendrite
the fatty white substance forming an insulating sheath around many nerve fibers	myelin

Hint	Answer
a cell producing a nerve fiber's myelin sheath	Schwann cell
narrow gaps in the myelin sheath, between adjacent Schwann cells	Nodes of Ranvier
the junction between two neurons	synapse
a chemical released at nerve endings to transmit nerve impulses across synapses	neurotransmitter

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