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Clue
Colour
It represents the Rashidun Caliphate.
Green
It is associated with peace, purity and a bright future. It also represents the Umayyad Caliphate.
Black
It symbolises the struggles, or darker periods of oppression and the Abbasid Caliphate.
White
The three stars are standing for sacrifice / the blood shed in struggles for independence, freedom, or revolution. It also represents the three districts of Syria: the "states" of Aleppo, Damascus, and Deir ez-Zor.