VCE Legal Studies - Units 3&4 Ultimate Terminology Quiz - Statistics

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General Stats

This quiz has been taken 15 times
The average score is 48 of 145

Answer Stats

Definition	Term	% Correct
A minor offence generally heard in the Magistrates' Court	Summary Offence	89%
A legal proceeding in which a group of seven or more people who have a claim against the same person based on similar or related facts bring that claim to court in the name of one person	Class Action	78%
One of the principles of justice: All people should be treated in the same way, but if the same treatment causes disparity or disadvantage, adequate measures should be implemented to allow all to engage with the justice system without disparity or disadvantage	Equality	78%
A remedy in the form of a court order requiring the defendant to do something or not to do something	Injunction	78%
The release of an accused person from custody on condition that they will attend a court hearing to answer the charges	Bail	67%
A penalty imposed by a court on a person guilty of a criminal offence	Sanction	67%
A statement filed with the court by a victim that is considered by the court when sentencing	Victim Impact Statement	67%
To abolish or cancel a law	Abrogation	56%
One of the principles of justice: all people should be able to engage in the justice system and its processes on an informed basis	Access	56%
A person charged with a criminal offence	Accused	56%
A law made by parliament	Act of Parliament	56%
The power of a court to hear a case on appeal	Appellate Jurisdiction	56%
A set of rules and principles that guide the way Australia is governed	Australian Constitution	56%
The standard of proof in criminal cases	Beyond Reasonable Doubt	56%
The obligation of a party to prove a case	Burden of Proof	56%
To collect all law on one topic together into a single statute	Codification	56%
Law made by judges through decisions made in cases	Common Law	56%
One purpose of a sanction, designed to demonstrate the community's disapproval of the offender's actions	Denunciation	56%
One purpose of a sanction, designed to discourage the offender and others in the community from committing similar offences	Deterrence	56%
Rights that are stated in the Australian Constitution	Express Rights	56%
One of the principles of justice: All people can participate in the justice system and its processes should be impartial and open	Fairness	56%
An amount of money that one party is ordered to pay another party to compensate for losses that are not easily quantifiable	General Damages	56%
Rights that are not expressly stated in the Australian Constitution but are considered to exist through interpretation by the High Court	Implied Rights	56%
The power of a court to hear a case for the first time	Original Jurisdiction	56%
The right of a person accused of a crime to presumed not guilty unless proven otherwise	Presumption of Innocence	56%
One purpose of a sanction, designed to safeguard the community from an offender by preventing them from committing a further offence	Protection	56%
One purpose of a sanction, designed to reform an offender in order to prevent them from committing offences in the future	Rehabilitation	56%
An amount of money that a party is ordered to pay to another party to compensate for losses that are easily quantifyable	Special Damages	56%
The degree or extent to which a case must be proved in court	Standard of Proof	56%
A government agency that provides free legal advice to all members of the community and low-cost or no-cost legal representation to some people who cannot afford a lawyer	Victoria Legal Aid	56%
Facts or circumstances about an offender or an offence that can lead to a more severe sentence	Aggravating Factors	44%
Measures that can be put in place for witnesses in certain criminal cases to give evidence in a different way	Alternative Arrangements	44%
An application to have a higher court review a ruling	Appeal	44%
A parliament with two houses/chambers	Bicameral	44%
A proposed law that has been presented to parliament to become law	Bill	44%
The legal reasoning for a decision of a higher court that must be followed by a lower court in the same jurisdiction in cases where the material facts are similar	Binding Precedent	44%
A disagreement between two or more individuals (or groups) in which one of the individuals (or groups) makes a legal claim against the other	Civil Dispute	44%
The pre-trial hearings and processes held in the Magistrates' Court for indictable offences	Committal Proceedings	44%
A flexible, non-custodial sanction that the offender serves in the community, with conditions attached to the order	Community Corrections Order	44%
An independent community organisation that provides free legal services to people who are unable to pay for those services	Community Legal Centre	44%
A sanction that is to be served at the same time as one or more other sentences	Concurrent Sentence	44%
The questioning of a witness called by the other side in a legal case	Cross-Examination	44%
When two sentences are imposed and are to be served one after the other	Cumulative Sentence	44%
The presumption that a child aged between 10 and 14 does not have criminal intent	Doli Incapax	44%
A VLA lawyer who is at court to help people who come to court for a hearing	Duty Lawyer	44%
A sanction that requires the offender to pay an amount of money to the state	Fine	44%
The King's representative at the state level	Govenor	44%
The King's representative at the Commonwealth level	Govenor-General	44%
A sanction that involves removing the offender from society for a stated period of time and placing them in prison	Imprisonment	44%
A division of the Magistrates' Court, Children's Court and County Court that, in certain circumstances operates as a sentencing court for First Nations people	Koori Court	44%
The lower house of the Victorian Parliament	Legislative Assembly	44%
The upper house of the Victorian Parliament	Legislative Council	44%
The restriction on bringing a civil claim after the allowed time	Limitation of Actions	44%
An order requiring someone to do something, or take active steps to prevent harm or further harm to the plaintiff	Mandatory Injunction	44%
Facts or circumstances about the offence that can lead to a less severe sentence	Mitigating Factor	44%
The minimum term a prisoner must serve before they can be given parole	Non-Parole Period	44%
The political party that holds the second-largest number of seats in the lower house	Opposition	44%
The supervised and unconditional release of a prisoner after the minimum period of imprisonment has been served	Parole	44%
Pre-trial discussions between the prosecution and the accused aimed at resolving the case by agreeing on the criminal charges laid	Plea Negotiations	44%
One purpose of a sanction, designed to penalise the offender and show society and the victim that criminal behaviour will not be tolerated	Punishment	44%
The situation where an accused is kept in custody until their criminal trial can take place	Remand	44%
Any order made by a court or a tribunal designed to address a civil wrong or breach	Remedy	44%
An order that someone stop doing something that is harming or will harm the plaintiff	Restrictive Injunction	44%
The principle that everyone in society is bound by laws and must obey the law, and that laws should be fair and clear, so people are willing and able to obey them	Rule of Law	44%
The process by which judges give meaning to the words or phrases in an Act of Parliament so it can be applied to resolve the case before them	Statutory Interpretation	44%
The legal responsibility of a third party for the wrongful acts of another	Vicarious Liability	44%
A person who has suffered directly or indirectly as a result of a crime	Victim	44%
A situation in which a fair-minded lay observer may reasonably believe that the person hearing or deciding a case might not bring an impartial mind to the case	Apprehended Bias	33%
The group of senior ministers in a government made up of the Prime Minister (or Premier at a state level) and senior government ministers who are in charge of a range of portfolios	Cabinet	33%
A separate claim made by the defendant in response to the plaintiff's claim	Counterclaim	33%
A serious offence generally heard before a judge and jury in the County Court of Supreme Court of Victoria	Indictable Offence	33%
A legally binding agreement between countries or intergovernmental organisations, in which they undertake the following obligations set out in the agreement and include them in their own local laws	International Treaty	33%
The lawful authority of a court, tribunal or other dispute resolution body to decide legal cases	Jurisdiction	33%
Evidence given by a layperson (or ordinary person) about the facts in a dispute	Lay Evidence	33%
Legal responsibility for one's acts or omissions	Liability	33%
A proposed law that imposes taxes and collects revenue	Money Bill	33%
A small amount of money awarded to confirm that a plaintiff's rights have been infringed even though the losses were not substantial	Nominal Damages	33%
A solemn declaration by which a person swears the truth on a religious or spiritual level	Oath	33%
When a superior court changes a previous precedent, established by a lower court in a different and later case, thereby creating a new precedent which overrules the earlier precedent	Overruling a Precedent	33%
The legal reasoning behind a decision of a lower or equal court within the same jurisdiction, or a court of a different jurisdiction, that may be considered deven though it is not binding	Persuasive Precedent	33%
The party against whom an appeal is made	Respondent	33%
A person belonging to a court or tribunal who has not engaged and is not represented by a lawyer or other professional	Self-Represented Party	33%
A doctrine established by the Australian Constitution that ensures the three powers of our parliamentary system remain separate	Separation of Powers	33%
To take civil action against another person, claiming that they infringed some legal right of the plaintiff or did some legal wrong that negatively affected the plaintiff	Sue	33%
A dispute resolution body that resolves civil disputes and is intended to be a less costly, more informal and faster way to resolve disputes than coourts	Tribunal	33%
A person who appeals against a decision	Appellant	22%
A legally binding decision made in arbitration by an arbitrator	Arbitral Award	22%
An amount of money awarded to a plaintiff for harm, injury, or other losses suffered	Compensatory Damages	22%
Members of Parliament who are not members of either government or opposition	Crossbenchers	22%
All seven justices of the High Court sitting to determine a case	Full Bench	22%
Evidence given by a person who did not personally witness the thing that is being stated to the court as true	Hearsay Evidence	22%
A situation in which neither major political party wins a majority of seats in the lower house of parliament after an election`	Hung Parliament	22%
A term of imprisonment that has no fixed end date, usually given to the most serious offenders	Indefinite Sentence	22%
The process of constantly updating and changing the law so it remains relevant and effective	Law Reform	22%
The power to make laws, which resides with the parliament	Legislative Power	22%
The key facts of details in a legal case that were critical to the court's decision	Material Facts	22%
A small group of members of parliament who consider and report on a single subject in one or both houses	Parliamentary Committee	22%
A formal, written request to the parliament to take some action or implement law reform	Petition	22%
A Latin term meaning 'for the public good' used to describe legal services that are provided for free or at a reduced rate	Pro Bono	22%
A system of government in which all eligible citizens vote to elect people who will represent them in parliament, make laws and govern on their behalf	Representative Democracy	22%
A political system in which the people elect members of parliament to represent them in government	Representative Government	22%
A legal principle which requires the government to be answerable to elected representatives of the people for its actions and which requires the government to maintain the confidence of the majority of the lower house	Responsible Government	22%
The highest form of inquiry into matters of public concern and importance	Royal Commission	22%
A term used to describe a situation in which the upper house of parliament automatically approves decisions made in the lower house because the government holds a majority of seats in both houses and members of the government generally vote along party lines	Rubber Stamp	22%
A Latin term meaning 'beyond the powers': a law made beyond the powers of the parliament	Ultra Vires	22%
A parliamentary system of government that developed in Britain and upon which Australia's Parliamentary system is modelled	Westminster System	22%
An amount of money that a defendant may be ordered to pay when a plaintiff has suffered extreme humiliation, embarrassment or insult because of the defendant's conduct	Aggravated Damages	11%
A situation where no single political party has a majority of seats in one or both houses of parliament meaning the power to reject or approve bills is held by a small number of people	Balance of Power	11%
Powers in the Australian Constitution that may be exercised by both of the Commonwealth and the states	Concurrent Powers	11%
A very small amount of money awarded to show that even though the plaintiff's claim succeeded legally, the court disapproves of in in moral terms	Contemptuous Damages	11%
Out-of-pocket expenses or fees incurred as part of a legal case	Disbursements	11%
A pre-trial procedure which requires the parties to list their documents relevant to the issues in dispute	Discovery of Documents	11%
The questioning of one's own witness in court in order to prove one's own case and disprove the opponent's case	Examination-In-Chief	11%
Powers in the Australian Constitution that only the Commonwealth Parliament can exercise	Exclusive Powers	11%
A very large amount of money awarded to show strong disapproval of the defendant's conduct	Exemplary Damages	11%
A situation in which the government does not hold a majority of seats in the upper house and relies on the support of the opposition or crossbench to have their bills passed	Hostile Upper House	11%
An expression used when judges consider a range of social and political factors when interpreting Acts of Parliament and deciding cases	Judicial Activism	11%
An expression used when judges adopt a narrow interpretation of the law when interpreting Acts of Parliament and deciding cases	Judicial Conservatism	11%
A third party who pays for some of all the costs and expenses associated with initiating a claim in return for a share of the amount recovered	Litigation Funder	11%
A Latin term meaning 'by the way' meaning comments made by the judge in a particular case may be persuasive in future cases	Obiter Dictum	11%
The introductory part of a statute that outlines its purpose and aims	Preamble	11%
The person who initiates or organises a petition	Principal Petitioner	11%
Confirmation by a nation's parliament of its approval of an international treaty signed by ts government	Ratification	11%
A form of governance in which the power is held by the people and their representatives, and in which there is an elected head of state rather than a monarch	Republic	11%
Powers that were not given to the Commonwealth Parliament under the Australian Constitution and which therefore remain solely with the states	Residual Powers	11%
The requirement that a party must be directly affected by the issues or matters involved in a case for the court to be able to hear or determine that case	Standing	11%
A Latin term meaning 'let the decision stand' which is the basic principle underlying the doctrine of precedent	Stare Decisis	11%
Instructions given to a formal body to incestigate an important matter	Terms of Reference	11%
A documents that sets out the terms on which the parties agree to resolve their dispute	Terms of Settlement	11%
An order that a party pay the other party's costs	Adverse Courts Order	0%
A system used by federal, state and territory parliaments in Australia that involves the use of separate working parties to investigate a wide range of legal, social and political issues and report back to the parliament about the need for law reform	Committee System	0%
A pre-trial procedure at which the court gives instructions to the parties about time limits and the way the civil proceedings is to be conducted	Directions Hearing	0%
The lawful authority or power of a court, tribunal or other dispute resolution body to decide legal cases to the exclusion of all others	Exclusive Jurisdiction	0%
A Latin term meaning 'out of the aftermath' used to describe a law that is established in relation to an event that has already taken place	Ex Post Facto	0%
Material that is not part of an Act of Parliament but may assist a judge to interpret the meaning of the act	Extrinsic Material	0%
The official transcript of what is said in parliament	Hansard	0%
The power given to courts and tribunals to enforce the law and settle disputes	Judicial Power	0%
A person who takes a matter to court to be resolved	Litigant	0%
Lawyers who are responsible for drafting bills in accordance with the policies and instructions of a member of parliament	Parliament Counsel	0%
A pre-trial procedure during which documents are filed and exchanged between the plaintiff and the defendant and which state the claims and the defences in the dispute	Pleadings	0%
A member of parliament who is not a government minister	Private Member	0%
A Latin term meaning 'the reason' the legal reasoning behind a judge's decision	Ratio Decideni	0%
When a superior court changes a previous precedent set by a lower court in the same case on appeal, thereby creating a new precedent which overrides the earlier precedent	Reversing a Precedent	0%
Rules and regulations made by secondary authorities that are given the power to do so by government	Secondary Legislation	0%
A document filed by the plaintiff in a civil case to notify the defendant of the nature of the claim, the cause of the claim and the remedy sought	Statement of Claim	0%

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