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Hint
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Answer
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Where is DNA found in a bacterium?
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Loops / Cytoplasm
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What is a parasite?
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An organism that feeds on another living organism
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Where are proteins made in a cell?
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On the ribosomes
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What is the function of cell sap?
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To support the cell
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Why do the walls of capillaries & alveoli need to be thin?
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To allow gas to pass across
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Which component of blood makes it clot?
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Platelets
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Which type of blood vessel carries blood away from the heart?
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Artery
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In which chamber does deoxygenated blood enter the heart?
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Right atrium
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What do the heart and veins contain to prevent backflow of blood?
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Valves
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What type of molecule is an enzyme?
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A protein
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Where are protease enzymes produced in the body?
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In the stomach / pancreas / small intestine
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What type of enzyme breaks down lipids?
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Lipase
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Where is bile produced?
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In the liver
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Why do cells differentiate?
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To become specialised / more efficient
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What is required for substances to be absorbed against a concentration gradient?
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Energy from respiration
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Name a feature that makes an exchange surface more efficient
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Large surface area / thin walls / rich blood supply
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Why is it important that the chromosomes are copied before mitosis occurs?
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So that each new cell gets the full amount of chromosomes
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What is a stem cell?
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A cell that is not specialised / can divide to form various types of cells
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Why does a plant cell have a meristem at the tip of the shoot and the tip of each root?
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To produce new cells so the root & shoot can grow
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Arrange these structures in order of size with the largest first: bacterium, liver cell, nucleus, ribosome
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Liver cell
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Nucleus
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Bacterium
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Ribosome
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What is the role of the Nucleus?
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Controls activities of the cell / contains genetic material
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What happens in the cytoplasm?
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Most chemical reactions take place
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What does the cell membrane do?
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Controls the passage of substances in and out of the cell
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Where in the heart are pacemaker cells found?
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Right atrium
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Name the enzyme that digests starch in the human digestive system
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Amylase
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What is the role of stomata & guard cells?
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To control gas exchange / To control water loss
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What is the definition of an organ?
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A collection of tissues performing specific functions
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