|
Hint
|
Answer
|
|
A
|
Abenarabi
|
|
A
|
Adorno, Theodor
|
|
A
|
Agostinho, Santo (Agostinho de Hipona)
|
|
A
|
Albiruni
|
|
A
|
Alcmeão, de Crotona
|
|
A
|
Alexander, Samuel
|
|
A
|
Alfarábi (ou Al-Farabi)
|
|
A
|
Algazali (Al Ghazali)
|
|
A
|
Alhazém
|
|
A
|
Alquindi
|
|
A
|
Althusser, Louis
|
|
A
|
Amo, Anton Wilhelm
|
|
A
|
Anaxágoras, de Clazômeras
|
|
A
|
Anaximandro, de Mileto
|
|
A
|
Anaxímenes, de Mileto
|
|
A
|
Anscombe, Elizabeth
|
|
A
|
Anselmo, de Cantuária (Santo Anselmo)
|
|
A
|
Antístenes
|
|
A
|
Aquino, São Tomás de
|
|
A
|
Arendt, Hannah
|
|
A
|
Aristarco, de Samos
|
|
A
|
Aristóteles
|
|
A
|
Aristóxenes
|
|
A
|
Arquelau, de Atenas
|
|
A
|
Arquimedes
|
|
A
|
Arquitas, de Tarento
|
|
A
|
Avempace
|
|
A
|
Averróis
|
|
A
|
Avicena
|
|
A
|
Ayer, A.J.
|
|
B
|
Bacon, Francis
|
|
B
|
Bacon, Roger
|
|
B
|
Bakunin, Mikhail
|
|
B
|
Barth, Karl
|
|
B
|
Barthes, Roland
|
|
B
|
Baudrillard, Jean
|
|
B
|
Baumgarten, Alexander Gottlieb
|
|
B
|
Beauvoir, Simone de
|
|
B
|
Beccaria, Cesare
|
|
B
|
Benjamin, Walter
|
|
B
|
Bentham, Jeremy
|
|
B
|
Benveniste, Émile
|
|
B
|
Bergson, Henri
|
|
B
|
Berkeley, George
|
|
B
|
Biran, Maine de
|
|
B
|
Bobbio, Norberto
|
|
B
|
Bodidarma
|
|
B
|
Boécio
|
|
B
|
Botero, Darío
|
|
B
|
Boyle, Robert
|
|
B
|
Bradley, Francis Herbert
|
|
B
|
Brentano, Franz
|
|
B
|
Bruno, Giordano
|
|
B
|
Buda (Sidarta Gautama)
|
|
B
|
Burge, Tyler
|
|
B
|
Burke, Edmund
|
|
B
|
Butler, Judith
|
|
C
|
Calcídio
|
|
C
|
Campanella, Tommaso
|
|
C
|
Camus, Albert
|
|
C
|
Carnap, Rudolf
|
|
C
|
Carnéades
|
|
C
|
Cassirer, Ernst
|
|
C
|
Chalmers, David
|
|
C
|
Cheng Yi
|
|
C
|
Chuang-Tzu (Zhuang Zhou, Zhuangzi)
|
|
C
|
Chomsky, Noam
|
|
C
|
Cícero, Marco Túlio
|
|
C
|
Clark, Andy
|
|
C
|
Cohen, Hermann
|
|
C
|
Collingwood, R. G.
|
|
C
|
Comte, Auguste
|
|
C
|
Condorcet, Marquês de
|
|
C
|
Confúcio
|
|
C
|
Coomaraswamy, Ananda
|
|
C
|
Cousin, Victor
|
|
C
|
Croce, Benedetto
|
|
C
|
Cusicanqui, Silvia Rivera
|
|
D
|
Deleuze, Giles
|
|
D
|
Demócrito, de Abdera
|
|
D
|
Dennett, Daniel
|
|
D
|
Derrida, Jacques
|
|
D
|
Descartes, René
|
|
D
|
Dewey, John
|
|
D
|
Diderot, Denis
|
|
D
|
Dilthey, Wilhelm
|
|
D
|
Diógenes, de Apolônia
|
|
D
|
Diógenes, de Sinope
|
|
D
|
Dogen Zenji
|
|
D
|
Duhem, Pierre
|
|
D
|
Durkheim, Émile
|
|
E
|
Eco, Umberto
|
|
E
|
Edwards, Jonathan
|
|
E
|
Eisai Zenji
|
|
E
|
Emerson, Ralph Waldo
|
|
E
|
Empédocles, de Agrigento
|
|
E
|
Empírico, Sexto
|
|
E
|
Epicuro
|
|
E
|
Epíteto
|
|
E
|
Erasmo de Roterdã
|
|
E
|
Eratóstenes
|
|
E
|
Escoto, de Erígena
|
|
E
|
Escoto, João Duns
|
|
E
|
Espinosa, Baruch
|
|
F
|
Farias Brito, Raimundo
|
|
F
|
Fechner, G.T.
|
|
F
|
Fedorov, Nikolai Fedorovich
|
|
F
|
Ferécides, de Ciro
|
|
F
|
Ferrier, James Frederick
|
|
F
|
Feuerbach, Ludwig
|
|
F
|
Feyerabend, Paul
|
|
F
|
Fichte, Johann Gottlieb
|
|
F
|
Filolau, de Crotona
|
|
F
|
Fílon, de Alexandria
|
|
F
|
Filopono, João
|
|
F
|
Fink, Eugen
|
|
F
|
Fleck, Ludwik
|
|
F
|
Foucault, Michel
|
|
F
|
Francisco de Vitória
|
|
F
|
Frege, Gottlob
|
|
F
|
Frithjof Schuon
|
|
|
Fukuzawa, Yukichi
|
|
G
|
Gadamer, Hans-Georg
|
|
G
|
Gassendi, Pierre
|
|
G
|
Gentile, Giovanni
|
|
G
|
Gödel, Kurt
|
|
G
|
Gongsun Long
|
|
G
|
Górgias, de Leontinos
|
|
G
|
Gramsci, Antonio
|
|
G
|
Grosseteste, Robert
|
|
H
|
Habermas, Jurgen
|
|
H
|
Han Fei
|
|
H
|
Hartmann, Nicolai
|
|
H
|
Hartshorne, Charles
|
|
H
|
Hegel
|
|
H
|
Heidegger, Martin
|
|
H
|
Heráclito, de Éfeso
|
|
H
|
Hermótimo, de Clazômenas
|
|
H
|
Hipaso, de Metaponto
|
|
H
|
Hipátia (ou Hipácia), de Alexandria
|
|
H
|
Hípias, de Élis
|
|
H
|
Hobbes, Thomas
|
|
H
|
Hölderlin, Johann Christian Friedrich
|
|
H
|
Honen
|
|
H
|
Horkheimer, Max
|
|
H
|
Hume, David
|
|
H
|
Husserl, Edmund
|
|
H
|
Hutcheson, Francis
|
|
J
|
James, William
|
|
J
|
Jaspers, Karl
|
|
K
|
Kang Youwei (K'ang Yu-Wei)
|
|
K
|
Kant, Immanuel
|
|
K
|
Kierkegaard, Soren
|
|
K
|
Kripke, Saul
|
|
K
|
Kropotkin, Piotr
|
|
K
|
Kuhn, Thomas
|
|
K
|
Kukai
|
|
K
|
Kurz, Robert
|
|
L
|
Lakatos, Imre
|
|
L
|
Lao-Tsé
|
|
L
|
Lavrov, Pyotr Lavrovich
|
|
L
|
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm
|
|
L
|
Leucipo, de Abdera
|
|
L
|
Lévi-Strauss, Claude
|
|
L
|
Levinas, Emmanuel
|
|
L
|
Lewis, Clarence Irving
|
|
L
|
Lewis, David
|
|
L
|
Locke, John
|
|
L
|
Lomonossov, Mikhail
|
|
L
|
Losski, Nikolai
|
|
L
|
Losurdo, Domenico
|
|
L
|
Lovejoy, Arthur O.
|
|
L
|
Lukács, Gyorgy
|
|
L
|
Lu Jiuyuan
|
|
L
|
Lúlio, Raimundo
|
|
L
|
Lyotard, Jean-François
|
|
M
|
Macróbio
|
|
M
|
MacIntyre, Alasdair
|
|
M
|
Madhva, ou Madhvacarya
|
|
M
|
Magno, Alberto
|
|
M
|
Maimônides
|
|
M
|
Malebranche, Nicolas
|
|
M
|
Mani (Maniqueu)
|
|
M
|
Maquiavel
|
|
M
|
Marco Aurélio
|
|
M
|
Marcuse, Herbert
|
|
M
|
Maréchal, Joseph
|
|
M
|
Maritain, Jacques
|
|
M
|
Marx, Karl
|
|
M
|
Meinong, Alexius
|
|
M
|
Melisso, de Samos
|
|
M
|
Mêncio
|
|
M
|
Mendelssohn, Moisés
|
|
M
|
Merleau-Ponty, Maurice
|
|
M
|
Mill, James
|
|
M
|
Mill, John Stuart
|
|
M
|
Montaigne, Michel de
|
|
M
|
Montesquieu
|
|
M
|
Moore, G.E.
|
|
M
|
More, Thomas
|
|
M
|
Motoori Norinaga
|
|
M
|
Mozi
|
|
N
|
Nagarjuna
|
|
N
|
Neurath, Otto
|
|
N
|
Newton, Isaac
|
|
N
|
Nichiren
|
|
N
|
Nicolau de Cusa
|
|
N
|
Nietzsche, Friedrich
|
|
N
|
Nishida, Kitaro
|
|
N
|
Nozick, Robert
|
|
N
|
Numênio, de Apameia
|
|
O
|
Ockham, Guilherme de
|
|
O
|
Orígenes
|
|
O
|
Ortega y Gasset
|
|
P
|
Paracelso
|
|
P
|
Parmênides, de Eléia
|
|
P
|
Pascal, Blaise
|
|
P
|
Pedro Abelardo
|
|
P
|
Peirce, Charles Sanders
|
|
P
|
Pirro, de Élis
|
|
P
|
Pitágoras
|
|
P
|
Plantinga, Alvin
|
|
P
|
Platão
|
|
P
|
Plekhanov, Gueorgui
|
|
P
|
Plotino
|
|
P
|
Plutarco
|
|
P
|
Popper, Karl
|
|
P
|
Porfírio
|
|
P
|
Proclo
|
|
P
|
Pródico, de Ceos
|
|
P
|
Protágoras, de Abdera
|
|
P
|
Proudhon, Pierre-Joseph
|
|
P
|
Putnam, Hilary
|
|
Q
|
Quine, Willard Van Orman
|
|
R
|
Ramanuja
|
|
R
|
Rand, Ayn
|
|
R
|
Rasis
|
|
R
|
Rawls, John
|
|
R
|
Reid, Thomas
|
|
R
|
René Guénon
|
|
R
|
Rorty, Richard
|
|
R
|
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques
|
|
R
|
Rosenzweig, Franz
|
|
R
|
Russell, Bertrand
|
|
R
|
Royce, Josiah
|
|
R
|
Ryle, Gilbert
|
|
S
|
Saicho
|
|
S
|
Saint-Simon, Conde de
|
|
S
|
Salazar Bondy, Augusto
|
|
S
|
Santayana, George
|
|
S
|
Sartre, Jean-Paul
|
|
S
|
Saussure, Ferdinand de
|
|
S
|
Scheler, Max
|
|
S
|
Schelling, Friedrich
|
|
S
|
Schiller, Friedrich
|
|
S
|
Schlick, Moritz
|
|
S
|
Schopenhauer, Arthur
|
|
S
|
Schweitzer, Albert
|
|
S
|
Sellars, Wilfrid
|
|
S
|
Sêneca
|
|
S
|
Shen Dao
|
|
S
|
Shinran
|
|
S
|
Singer, Peter
|
|
S
|
Skinner, B.F.
|
|
S
|
Smith, Adam
|
|
S
|
Sócrates
|
|
S
|
Solomon, Ibn Gabirol
|
|
S
|
Soloviov, Vladimir
|
|
S
|
Spencer, Herbert
|
|
S
|
Spengler, Oswald
|
|
S
|
Stewart, Dugald
|
|
S
|
Stirner, Max
|
|
S
|
Suárez, Francisco
|
|
S
|
Surauardi, Xaabe Aldim (Xabadim)
|
|
S
|
Suzuki, Daisetsu Teitaro
|
|
T
|
Tang Chun-I
|
|
T
|
Tarski, Alfred
|
|
T
|
Telesio, Bernardino
|
|
T
|
Temistocleia
|
|
T
|
Thoreau, Henry David
|
|
T
|
Tolstói, Lev
|
|
V
|
Vico, Giambattista
|
|
V
|
Voltaire
|
|
W
|
Wang Yangming
|
|
W
|
Whitehead, Alfred North
|
|
W
|
Williams, Bernard
|
|
W
|
Windelband, WilheIm
|
|
W
|
Wittgenstein, Ludwig
|
|
W
|
Wolff, Christian
|
|
W
|
Wundt, Wilhelm
|
|
X
|
Xancara, Adi (Shankara, ou Sancara)
|
|
X
|
Xenófanes, de Cólofon
|
|
X
|
Xenofonte
|
|
X
|
Xunzi
|
|
Z
|
Zea, Leopoldo
|
|
Z
|
Zenão, de Cítio
|
|
Z
|
Zenão, de Elea
|
|
Z
|
Zizek, Slavoj
|
|
Z
|
Zhu Xi
|
|
