Wildlife Obs: Mammal Ecology

Key life history information for the mammals of Ontario!
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Last updated: February 4, 2026
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First submittedFebruary 4, 2026
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1. Which of these is NOT a feature of the Cervidae family?
Deciduous antlers
Odd number of toes
Rasping cheek teeth
No upper incisors
2. Caribou have concave-bottomed hooves to...
Provide support on the bottom of ponds and pull up aquatic plants
Help them climb rocks
Provide support on muskeg and scrape up dirt
To keep their hooves warmer
3. Which of these families are NOT digitigrade (toe walkers)?
Canidae
Ursidae
Cervidae
Felidae
4. What do White-tailed Deer typically do when they sense danger?
Scream loudly
Attack the threat
"Flag" with their tail
Curl up in a ball
5. Which of these is actually considered a marine mammal?
River otter
Moose
Eastern gray squirrel
Polar bear
6. Which of these IS a trait of Canidae species?
Non-retractable claws
Retractable claws
Plantigrade gait (flat footed)
Herbivorous
7. The Gray Fox is the only canid that can...
See in the dark
Run over 60km/hr
Climb trees
Swim
8. Red foxes can hear low-frequency sounds. This helps them...
Find prey underground
Listen for predators
Know when storms are coming
Enjoy some great dubstep
9. What is the difference in wolf and coyote tail position when running?
Coyotes tuck their tails, wolves stick straight out
Coyotes stick straight out, wolves tuck their tails
10. How do wolves tend to live?
Groups of ~20 individuals
In pairs
Groups of 3-7 individuals
Solo
11. The patterns on skunks are referred to as...
Racing stripes
Aqueous colouration
Anglican colouration
Aposematic colouration
12. Which of these is one of the few animals that will eat porcupines?
Fisher
American mink
American badger
Long-tailed weasel
13. Rabbit young are born...
In a pouch
Fully mature
Altricial (helpless)
Precocial (relatively mature)
14. This flattened weasel has three elongated front claws for digging:
River otter
American badger
Marten
Wolverine
15. Porcupines are very good climbers.
False
True
16. Hare young are born...
Altricial (helpless)
Fully mature
In a pouch
Precocial (relatively mature)
17. Muskrats are strictly herbivorous.
False- they will eat snails and mussels
True- they only eat plant matter and woody material
18. Beavers are strictly herbivorous.
True- they only eat plant matter and woody material
False- they will eat snails and mussels
19. Chipmunks spend the winter...
Running around foraging
In underground burrows with stored food
In tree holes with stored food
In a warmer southern climate
20. A beaver's mouth...
Has lips that can close behind the teeth
Has no molars
Is good for kissing
Does not seal against water
21. How much food can a groundhog consume in a day, at a maximum?
Double their body weight
1/5 of their body weight
1/3 of their body weight
1/2 of their body weight
22. Red Squirrels are omnivorous, but they SPECIALIZE in eating...
Bird eggs
Conifer cones
Grass seed heads
Snails
23. Star-nosed moles are great swimmers, and spend much of their time underwater.
True
False
24. The Northern Short-tailed Shrew has...
Echolocation capabilities
Venomous saliva
No teeth
Large eyes
25. What's the biggest visual difference between the Least and Short-tailed Weasels?
Tail length
Black ear tips
Fur colour
Black tail tip
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