Wildlife Obs: Mammal Ecology

Key life history information for the mammals of Ontario!
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Last updated: February 4, 2026
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First submittedFebruary 4, 2026
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1. Which of these is NOT a feature of the Cervidae family?
Odd number of toes
Rasping cheek teeth
No upper incisors
Deciduous antlers
2. Caribou have concave-bottomed hooves to...
Help them climb rocks
Provide support on the bottom of ponds and pull up aquatic plants
Provide support on muskeg and scrape up dirt
To keep their hooves warmer
3. Which of these families are NOT digitigrade (toe walkers)?
Cervidae
Felidae
Canidae
Ursidae
4. What do White-tailed Deer typically do when they sense danger?
Scream loudly
Curl up in a ball
Attack the threat
"Flag" with their tail
5. Which of these is actually considered a marine mammal?
Moose
River otter
Eastern gray squirrel
Polar bear
6. Which of these IS a trait of Canidae species?
Plantigrade gait (flat footed)
Retractable claws
Herbivorous
Non-retractable claws
7. The Gray Fox is the only canid that can...
Swim
Climb trees
See in the dark
Run over 60km/hr
8. Red foxes can hear low-frequency sounds. This helps them...
Find prey underground
Know when storms are coming
Listen for predators
Enjoy some great dubstep
9. What is the difference in wolf and coyote tail position when running?
Coyotes tuck their tails, wolves stick straight out
Coyotes stick straight out, wolves tuck their tails
10. How do wolves tend to live?
Groups of 3-7 individuals
Solo
In pairs
Groups of ~20 individuals
11. The patterns on skunks are referred to as...
Anglican colouration
Racing stripes
Aposematic colouration
Aqueous colouration
12. Which of these is one of the few animals that will eat porcupines?
Long-tailed weasel
Fisher
American badger
American mink
13. Rabbit young are born...
In a pouch
Precocial (relatively mature)
Fully mature
Altricial (helpless)
14. This flattened weasel has three elongated front claws for digging:
American badger
Wolverine
Marten
River otter
15. Porcupines are very good climbers.
False
True
16. Hare young are born...
Altricial (helpless)
In a pouch
Precocial (relatively mature)
Fully mature
17. Muskrats are strictly herbivorous.
False- they will eat snails and mussels
True- they only eat plant matter and woody material
18. Beavers are strictly herbivorous.
False- they will eat snails and mussels
True- they only eat plant matter and woody material
19. Chipmunks spend the winter...
Running around foraging
In underground burrows with stored food
In tree holes with stored food
In a warmer southern climate
20. A beaver's mouth...
Is good for kissing
Has no molars
Does not seal against water
Has lips that can close behind the teeth
21. How much food can a groundhog consume in a day, at a maximum?
1/2 of their body weight
Double their body weight
1/3 of their body weight
1/5 of their body weight
22. Red Squirrels are omnivorous, but they SPECIALIZE in eating...
Snails
Grass seed heads
Bird eggs
Conifer cones
23. Star-nosed moles are great swimmers, and spend much of their time underwater.
False
True
24. The Northern Short-tailed Shrew has...
Large eyes
Venomous saliva
No teeth
Echolocation capabilities
25. What's the biggest visual difference between the Least and Short-tailed Weasels?
Fur colour
Tail length
Black tail tip
Black ear tips
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