Paroles - Discours d'Emmanuel Macron à Davos

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Paroles

Thank

you

very

much,

Larry,

for

your

words.

Your

Majesties,

Distinguished

Heads

of

State

and

Government,

President

Lagarde,

Ministers,

Ambassadors,

Business

Leaders,

Ladies

and

gentlemen,

I

'm

extremely

happy

to

be

here,

and

it

's

great

to

be

here,

as

the

Financial

Times

would

say.

And

it

's

a

time

of

peace,

stability,

and

predictability.

So

let

's

try

to

address

a

key

challenge

of

this

world

in

a

few

minutes'

time,

but

it

's

clear

that

we

are

reaching

a

time

of

instability,

of

imbalances,

both

from

the

security

and

defense

point

of

view

and

the

economic

point

of

view.

Look

at

the

situation

where

we

are.

I

mean,

a

shift

towards

autocracy

against

democracy,

more

violence,

more

than

60

wars

in

2024,

an

absolute

record,

even

if

I

understood

a

few

of

them

were

fixed,

and

conflict

has

become

normalized,

hybrid,

expanding

into

new

demands,

space,

digital

information,

cyber,

trade,

and

so

on.

It

's

as

well

a

shift

towards

a

world

without

rules,

where

international

law

is

trampled

underfoot,

and

where

the

only

law

that

seems

to

matter

is

that

of

the

strongest,

and

imperial

ambitions

are

resurfacing.

Obviously,

the

Russian

war

of

aggression

against

Ukraine,

which

will

enter

into

its

fourth-year

and

conflicts

continue

in

the

Middle

East

and

across

Africa.

This

is

as

well

a

shift

towards

a

world

without

effective

collective

governance,

and

where

multilateralism

is

weakened

by

powers

that

obstruct

it

or

turn

away

from

it,

and

rules

are

undermined.

And

I

can

multiply

the

examples

of

international

bodies

weakened

or

left

by

the

key

economies.

And

when

we

look

at

the

situation,

it

's

clearly

a

very

concerning

time,

because

we

are

killing

the

structure

where

we

can

fix

the

situation

and

the

common

challenges

we

have.

Without

collective

governance,

cooperation

gives

way

to

relentless

competition,

competition

from

the

United

States

of

America,

through

trade

agreements

that

undermine

our

export

interests,

demand

maximum

concessions,

and

openly

aim

to

weaken

and

subordinate

Europe,

combined

with

an

endless

accumulation

of

new

tariffs

that

are

fundamentally

unacceptable,

even

more

so

when

they

are

used

as

leverage

against

territorial

sovereignty.

And

competition

from

China,

where

massive

excess

capacities

are

distortive

practices

threatened

to

overwhelm

anti-industrial

and

commercial

sectors.

Export

control

has

become

more

dangerous,

new

tools

destabilizing

global

trade

and

the

international

system.

And

the

answer

in

order

to

fix

this

issue

is

more

cooperation

and

building

new

approaches,

and

it

's

clearly

building

more

economic

sovereignty

and

strategic

economy,

especially

for

the

Europeans,

which

is

for

me

the

core

answer.

In

this

context,

I

want

to

exclude

two

approaches.

The

first

approach

would

be

to

passively

accept

the

law

of

the

strongest,

leading

to

vassalization

and

bloc

politics.

I

think

accepting

a

sort

of

new

colonial

approach

does

n't

make

sense.

All

the

heads

of

state

and

government

and

business

leaders

which

would

be

too

complacent

with

such

an

approach

will

take

huge

responsibility.

The

second

would

be

to

adopt

a

purely

moral

posture,

limiting

ourselves

to

commentary.

That

path

would

condemn

us

to

marginalization

and

powerlessness.

Faced

with

the

brutalization

of

the

world,

France

and

Europe

must

defend

an

effective

multilateralism

because

it

serves

our

interests

and

those

of

all

who

refuse

to

submit

to

the

rule

of

force.

And

for

me,

the

two

answers

are,

on

one

side,

more

sovereignty

and

more

autonomy

for

the

Europeans.

On

the

other

side,

an

efficient

multilateralism

to

deliver

results

through

cooperation.

Obviously,

France

and

Europe

are

attached

to

national

sovereignty

and

independence,

to

the

United

Nations

and

to

its

charter.

And

it

's

not

an

old-fashioned

way

to

live

multilateralism.

It

's

just

not

to

totally

forget

what

we

learned

from

the

Second

World

War

and

remain

committed

to

cooperation.

And

this

is

also

because

of

those

principles

that

we

have

decided

to

join

the

mutual

exercise

in

Greenland

without

threatening

anyone,

but

just

supporting

an

ally

in

another

European

country,

Denmark.

Facing

this

order

and

this

new

situation,

this

year

France

holds

the

G7

Presidency

with

a

clear

ambition

to

restore

the

G7

as

a

forum

for

frank

dialogue

among

major

economies

and

for

collective

and

cooperative

solutions.

Trade

wars,

protectionist

escalation,

races

towards

overproduction

will

only

produce

losers.

This

is

why

addressing

global

economic

imbalances

is

our

key

priority.

And

if

we

look

at

the

situation,

the

current

imbalances

are

due

to

some

key

phenomena

and

we

all

have

to

deliver

our

own

agenda.

This

includes

American

overconsumption,

Chinese

underconsumption

and

overinvestment,

and

European

underinvestment

and

lack

of

competitiveness.

These

imbalances

are

also

reflected

in

development

gaps,

by

the

way,

and

we

can

no

longer

settle

for

aid

that

neither

delivers

sufficient

results

nor

enables

countries

to

escape

poverty.

So

our

objective

through

the

G7

is

to

demonstrate

that

the

world

's

major

powers

are

still

capable

of

reaching

a

shared

diagnosis

of

the

global

economy

and

committing

to

concrete

actions.

Cooperating

is

not

about

blaming

others,

it

is

about

assuming

one

's

share

of

responsibility

and

contributing

to

solutions.

So

the

objective

of

this

G7

will

be

to

build

this

framework

of

cooperation

in

order

to

fix

the

roots

of

these

imbalances

and

restore

efficient

convergence

and

cooperation

through

multilateral

frameworks.

The

other

objective

is

as

well

to

build

bridges

and

more

cooperation

with

the

emerging

countries,

the

BRICS

and

the

G20,

because

the

fragmentation

of

this

world

would

not

make

sense.

Here,

this

point

is

for,

I

would

say,

the

global

agenda

and

how

we

see

our

G7

agenda.

On

the

other

side,

we

have

the

European

answer.

And

for

me,

Europe

clearly

has

to

fix

its

key

issues.

The

lack

of

growth,

the

lack

of

GDP

per

capita

growth,

and

the

three

pillars

of

our

strategy

in

order

to

deliver

more

sovereignty,

more

efficiency

and

more

growth

would

be

based

on

protection,

simplification

and

investment.

Because

the

diagnosis

is

well

known,

European

competitiveness

still

lags

behind

that

of

the

US

and

in

the

current

global

order,

facing

precisely

the

Chinese

approach,

we

have

to

react.

So

first,

protection.

Protection

does

n't

mean

protectionism.

But

today

's

Europeans

are

too

naive.

This

is

a

unique

market

open

to

everybody

without

checking

global

playing

fields.

Nobody

can

access

the

Chinese

market

as

people

are

accessing

the

European

market

for

sure.

But

even

if

you

take

the

US

and

a

lot

of

other

countries,

the

level

of

protection

does

exist

for

investment

and

trade.

And

the

Europeans

are

the

only

ones

not

to

protect

their

own

companies

and

their

own

markets

when

the

other

countries

do

n't

respect

the

global

playing

field.

This

is

why

we

have

to

be

much

more

realistic

if

we

want

to

protect

our

chemical

industry,

our

industry

from

the

automotive

sector

to

a

lot

of

others

because

they

are

being

literally

killed

by

the

lack

of

respect

of

a

normal

framework

and

level

playing

field.

Europe

has

very

strong

tools

now

and

we

have

to

use

them

when

we

are

not

respected

and

when

the

rules

of

the

game

are

not

respected,

by

the

way.

The

anti-coercion

mechanism

is

a

powerful

instrument

and

we

should

not

hesitate

to

deploy

it

in

today

's

tough

environment.

We

must

also

advance

the

principle

of

European

preference.

There

is

a

North

American

preference

in

your

market.

There

is

no

European

preference

today.

We

are

progressively

creating

it

and

in

the

latest

documents

and

decisions

taken

by

the

decisions,

we

do

have

the

first

examples

of

that.

But

this

is

extremely

good

and

we

are

currently

aligning

closely

with

Germany

to

deliver

an

ambitious

and

simple

framework.

And

this

is

a

decisive

project

and

I

count

on

the

European

Commission

to

present

a

proposal

by

early

2026

with

the

highest

possible

level

of

ambition

in

order

to

deliver,

I

would

say,

across

the

different

sectors,

the

principle

of

European

preference.

This

is

a

necessity.

We

must

act

on

imports

as

well

regarding

this

protection

issue

and

in

the

context

of

escalating

trade

tensions

and

Asian

overcapacities,

Europe

must

strengthen

its

trade

defence

instruments,

including

measures

to

enforce

regulatory

standards

and

we

must

improve

the

quality

and

added

value

of

foreign

direct

investments,

targeting

projects

with

strong

export

potential.

And

this

is

core

for

the

rebalancing

with

China.

China

is

welcome,

but

what

we

need

is

more

Chinese

foreign

direct

investment

in

Europe

in

some

key

sectors

to

contribute

to

our

growth,

to

transfer

some

technologies

and

not

just

to

export

towards

Europe

some

devices

or

products

which

sometimes

do

n't

have

the

same

standards

or

are

much

more

subsidized

as

the

ones

being

produced

in

Europe.

It

's

not

being

protectionist,

it

's

just

restoring

this

level

playing

field

and

protecting

our

industry.

So

from

safeguard

clauses,

to

my

work

clauses,

to

European

preferences

and

incentives

for

more

FDIs,

this

strategy

is

absolutely

key.

And

in

parallel,

protecting

our

economies

will

also

require

a

resilient

strategy

on

both

imports

and

exports

to

de-risk

supply

chains,

particularly

for

raw

materials,

rare

earths,

semiconductors,

chips

and

to

diversify

our

trade

partners.

The

second

pillar

of

the

European

economy

and

European

strategy

should

be

simplification.

And

when

I

speak

about

simplification,

we

started

with

CSRD,

CS3D

and

we

have

to

do

much

more

on

different

sectors

and

we

did

it

during

the

past

few

weeks

on

automotive

and

we

have

to

do

it

on

chemical,

digital,

AI,

banking

and

so

on.

And

the

core

of

this

simplification

is

sometimes

to

get

rid

of

some

recent

regulations

when

they

desynchronize

in

a

certain

way

the

European

Union

in

comparison

with

the

rest

of

the

world.

But

we

have

as

well

to

accelerate

the

deepening

of

the

single

market.

On

all

these

sectors,

the

450

million

inhabitants

and

consumers

market

should

be

the

domestic

market

of

all

the

EU

companies.

It

's

not

yet

the

case

as

long

as

you

have

complexities.

In

doing

so,

we

must

ensure

respect

technological

neutrality

and

non-discrimination

within

the

European

Union.

This

is

another

pillar,

another

point

of

simplification.

Neutral

approach

in

terms

of

technology

and

non-discrimination.

We

discriminate

during

such

a

long

time

between

the

different

sources

of

energy.

It

's

counterproductive

for

the

Europeans

themselves.

Companies

have

a

role

to

play

and

we

must

act

and

you

must

act.

And

clearly,

you

must

help

identify

and

concretely

help

us

to

simplify

where

it

is

needed.

But

for

me,

this

agenda

of

simplification

is

not

a

matter

of

discussion

but

just

implementation,

speed

and

scale.

The

third

pillar

of

the

European

strategy

for

more

competitiveness

and

more

autonomy

is

based

on

investment

and

innovation.

We

have

to

invest

much

more.

If

there

is

a

GDP

per

capita

so

different

between

the

US

and

Europe,

65%

to

70%

of

the

explanation

is

due

to

the

difference

in

terms

of

innovation.

The

US

was

much

more

innovative

because

of

public

and

private

investment.

So

in

our

budget

for

the

months

to

come,

because

we

will

negotiate

this

year

in

Europe,

we

have

to

invest

much

more

money

in

the

critical

sectors

where

the

innovation

will

be

made.

AI,

quantic,

green

tech,

but

as

well

defense

and

security.

The

size

of

our

common

budget

is

not

the

right

one.

We

have

to

invest

much

more

money

in

order

to

be

much

more

credible

and

accelerate

this

innovation

agenda.

But

at

the

same

time,

if

you

look

at

the

situation,

we

do

n't

have

sufficient

private

investment.

And

this

is

one

of

the

main

differences.

We

do

have

the

savings

as

Europeans.

Much

more

than

the

US,

by

the

way.

But

these

savings

are

overinvested

in

bonds

and

sometimes

in

equities,

but

outside

Europe.

So

this

is

why

the

top

priority

should

be

the

securitization

program.

It

is

prepared.

We

have

to

accelerate

the

implementation.

And

second,

capital

market

union.

Precisely

in

order

to

have

more

integration

and

simplification,

but

to

have

an

efficient

capital

market

union

in

order

to

invest

much

more

money

and

use

our

savings

to

be

invested

on

innovation

and

equity

in

Europe.

This

agenda

for

me

is

our

top

priority.

Both

the

global

and

the

European

one.

And

it

is

to

be

implemented

in

the

months

to

come

because

everything

is

about

acceleration.

And

France

is

committed

to

deliver

this

agenda.

We

work

very

closely

with

our

key

partner.

And

at

the

same

time,

our

objective

for

France

is

to

stabilize

our

results

and

our

macro

approach

and

to

remain

the

highly

attractive

country

we

are.

We

've

been

the

most

attractive

country

of

Europe

during

the

past

six

years.

And

to

consolidate

our

deep

structural

reforms

and

our

key

advantage.

And

on

top

of

the

business

framework

we

have,

I

want

here

to

insist

on

the

fact

that

we

have

a

competitive,

stable,

low-carbon

electricity

supply.

We

exported

last

year

90

terawatt

hours

of

electricity

and

a

low-carbon

one

based

on

our

nuclear

model.

We

have

world-class

innovation

and

research

capabilities

and

we

will

improve

them.

And

we

have

one

of

the

most

vivid

and

active

ecosystems

in

AI,

quantum

computing,

energy

transition,

etc.

And

a

lot

of

startups

and

unicorns

and

large

caps

of

these

sectors

are

with

me

in

my

delegation

today.

And

on

top

of

that,

let

me

insist,

and

I

will

stop

here,

on

the

fact

that

we

have

a

high-quality

infrastructure

and

large

markets

with

strong

purchasing

power.

And

we

have

a

place

where

rule

of

law

and

predictability

is

still

the

rule

of

the

game.

And

my

guess

is

that

it

is

largely

underpriced

by

the

market.

And

beyond

what

you

can

do

in

terms

of

investment,

what

you

can

do

in

terms

of

strong

ambitions,

having

a

place

like

Europe,

which

sometimes

is

too

slow,

for

sure,

and

needs

to

be

reformed,

for

sure,

but

which

is

predictable,

loyal,

and

where

you

know

that

the

rule

of

the

game

is

just

the

rule

of

law,

it

's

a

good

place.

And

I

think

this

is

a

good

place

for

today

and

for

tomorrow.

So,

we

will

be

committed

during

2026

to

try

to

deliver

this

global

agenda

in

order

to

fix

global

imbalances

through

more

cooperations.

And

we

will

do

our

best

in

order

to

have

a

stronger

Europe,

much

stronger

and

more

autonomous

based

on

the

pillars

I

just

mentioned

and

based

as

well,

and

we

can

revert

in

the

dialogue,

but

on

more

investment

and

commitments

on

defense

and

security,

because

we

have

to

invest

much

more

and

invest

much

more.

Because

we

do

believe,

and

here

in

the

epicenter

of

this

continent,

we

do

believe

that

we

need

more

growth,

we

need

more

stability

in

this

world,

but

we

do

prefer

respect

to

bullies,

we

do

prefer

science

to

plotism,

and

we

do

prefer

rule

of

law

to

brutality.

So,

you

're

welcome

in

Europe,

and

you

are

more

than

welcome

to

France.

Première soumission	1 février 2026
Nombre de tentatives	57
Score moyen	20,6%
Signaler ce quiz	Signaler