A circle is drawn from the center of The WORLD! The center of the world in this case is defined as 0,0 N and 0,0 E. Using a standard Mercator projection this is in the Gulf of Guinea as the picture shows.
It is 2004 km in radius (1245 miles). Which is a twentieth of the circumference of the Earth.
What countries does it go through?
Only the countries that the 2004 km line goes through count.
For example: São Tomé and Príncipe does not count as it ranges from 719-852 km.
For example: Kyrgystan does not count as it is more than 2004 km away.