Corporate Finance Concepts

Common to advanced corporate finance concepts.
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RhodieCapitalist
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Last updated: December 7, 2025
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First submittedDecember 7, 2025
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The purpose of a corporation is to ____ shareholder value
Maximize
The ____ equitation is: Assets = Liabilities + Owners Equity
Accounting
Shareholder value is represented by which part of the above equation?
Equity
Cash collected from operating a business
Revenue
Cash paid to operate a business (Costs)
Expenses
Cash left after paying expenses
Profit / Net Income
Costs that remained fixed
Fixed Expenses
Costs that are variable
Variable Expenses (COGS)
EBIT
Earnings Before Interest and Taxes
EBITDA
Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, Ammortization
The principle that a dollar in the future is worth less than a dollar today.
Time Value of Money/TVM
Present value is derived from ____ future cash flows
Discounting
Future value is derived from ____ present cash flows
Compounding
The rate at which present and future values are derived
Discount Rate / Rate of Return / Rate / Interest
The present value of inflows - outflows for a project
Net Present Value (NPV)
The discount rate at which PV of outflows = PV of inflows
Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
How quickly an investment pays back its initial costs
Payback Period
Weighted average cost of equity and debt
WACC
What is the mix of equity and debt called?
Capital Structure
When debt increases and equity remains the same, ____ increases
Leverage
What is it called when a company can not pay back it's debt?
Default
The tax benefit created by using debt is called
Tax Shield
The idea that capital structure does NOT affect firm value in a no-tax world is called what?
MM Proposition 1
The idea that more leverage increases equity risk is called what?
MM Proposition 2
What officer in a company is in charge of finances?
Chief Financial Officer (CFO)
What is it called when managers in a company act in their own interest and not in the shareholders?
Agency Problem/Risk
Cost that arises from conflicts between shareholders and debt holders?
Agency Cost of Debt
What is it called when managers reject good projects because most of the benefits go to debt holders?
Debt Overhang
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