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Republican China: 1911-1928

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LinBiao
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Last updated: February 20, 2025
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First submittedOctober 11, 2024
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A New Republic: 1911-1916
Name of the revolution that led to the overthrow of the Qing dynasty
Xinhai Revolution
Place where the first uprising occurred
Wuchang | Wuhan
Name of the force which instigated the above
The New Army
The resulting Battle of Yangxia was between the revolutionaries and the Qing government, who was the commander of the revolutionary side
Huang Xing
Which organization was he part of
Tongmenghui
Who was the most famous founder of this organization
Sun Zhongshan
Where was he during the this uprising
United States
Where was the provisional government of the Republic of China established
Nanjing
Man who was appointed to put down the rebellion by the government
Yuan Shikai
Which army was he the leader of
Beiyang Army
What was offered to the above so that he would side with the revolutionaries
The Presidency
What month and year did the last emperor of the Qing dynasty abdicate
February 1912
In the 1912 national assembly elections, this party, transformed from #5, won a plurality in both houses
Kuomintang
Man who was responsible for this victory. He would later be assassinated by men under the president
Song Jiaoren
Angered by the president's disregard for democratic values, this failed uprising was launched by the above party
The Second Revolution
Document sent by Japan that the president belatedly accepted, after managing to remove five parts of this document with help from the United States and Great Britain
The 21 Demands
Position that the president attempted to restore with him in that role
Emperor
However, combined with him caving into Japan's ambitions, multiple generals revolted in this incident
National Protection War
Soon after this incident occurred, the president died of uremia. Who was chosen to replace him as president
Li Yuanhong
But, this man, who was the premier had the real power in the government
Duan Qirui
In the Age of Warlords: 1916-1926
After the death of the president, this era started as the country was ruled by a number of independent generals
The Warlord Era
This general attempted to restore the Qing dynasty in 1917, causing the new president to flee
Zhang Xun
After crushing the above, the premier used the president's absence to put China in this war
World War One
Which side did China join
The Allies
The premier then tried to obtain these loans from Japan
Nishihara Loans
German colonies in this modern-day province of China were seized by Japan during the above war
Shandong
This triggers this movement
May 4th Movement
The above was inspired from the ideas of this cultural movement
New Culture Movement
Influential scholar of the above who advocated for the use of written vernacular Chinese
Hu Shih
Another influential scholar, who founded the nationalistic journal New Youth and would become one of the two main founders of the Chinese Communist Party
Chen Duxiu
One of the leading modern figures of Chinese Literature, wrote "The True Story of Ah Q" and "Diary of a Madman"
Lu Xun
Uprisings in Southern China which started in 1917 due their opposition to the Northern government
Constitutional Protection Movement
This warlord clique, led by the premier advocated for an aggressive solution to the above
Anhui Clique
However, this clique favored a diplomatic approach
Zhili Clique
Tensions between these two clique led to this war, leading to the loss of power for the premier
Zhili-Anhui War
After the premier left Beijing, this Manchurian based clique, although once previously allied with city's new rulers, attempted to take control of the city
Fengtian Clique
General who repulsed the above from the city
Wu Peifu
With the capital secured in the hands of the above, this man was eventually appointed as president
Cao Kun
How much money (in silver dollars) did the new president reportedly give to assembly members in order to get elected
5000 Silver Dollars
About a year later, the Manchurian warlords attempted to take Beijing again. This time, with the help of Japanese bribes, they were able to get this general on their side
Feng Yuxiang
This lead to this event in the capital, which put the president under house arrest
The Beijing Coup
The city of Beijing then became controlled by this warlord
Zhang Zuolin
Meanwhile in the South, the KMT set up a regime in this province
Guangdong
They needed the help of this warlord, however, he would later betray them
Chen Jiongming
Foreign country that the KMT turned to for help
Soviet Union
Most famous advisor from that country that was sent to assist the KMT
Mikhail Borodin
In 1921, this organization was founded in Shanghai
The Chinese Communist Party
Along with the man already mentioned previously, this man was one of the other main founders of the above
Li Dazhao
Name of the alliance that the KMT's new advisor convinced them to form with the above organization
The First United Front
The KMT further developed these three principles, which would later be known as the Three Principles of the People
Nationalism
Democracy
People's Livelihood
This famous military academy was formed by the KMT
Whampoa Military Academy
The leader of the KMT traveled to Beijing to discuss the future of the country, however he died of this in the capital
Gallbladder Cancer
An ardent follower of the deceased leader, in addition to drafting his will, he was also considered to be one of the lead candidates to become his successor
Wang Jingwei
But this person, who was commandant of the above academy, started to gain power within the KMT
Jiang Jieshi
This powerful KMT politician was assassinated, removing him as a challenger to the above
Liao Zhongkai
This politician in the KMT was arrested for his supposed involvement in the above's assassination. He was the leader of the right-wring faction of the KMT
Hu Hanmin
In 1926, this incident solidified #55's role as the new leader of the KMT
Zhongshan Warship Incident
Reunification: 1926-1928
This operation, which was originally formulated by the previous leader began
The Northern Expedition
This warlord force allied with the KMT
Guominjun
After defeating the forces led by Wu Peifu, the KMT turned against this warlord
Sun Chuanfang
This Shanxi warllord allied with the KMT
Yan Xishan
After seizing Shanghai, this incident occurred, which led to the split between the nationalists and the communists
The Shanghai Massacre
This mob boss was enlisted to help suppress the communists
Du Yuesheng
Although this led to a split in the KMT's leadership, the operation to reunify China continued a couple of months later. As KMT forces drew closer to Japanese Shandong, this incident between KMT and Japanese forces occurred
Jinan Incident
The leader of Beijing fled as KMT forces came closer to seizing the capital, however, he was assassinated near this place
Huanggutun Railway Station
The assassins were from this country, as they thought that the above would destabilize Manchuria
Japan
The son of the assassinated leader who took control of Manchuria after his father's death. He would declare allegiance to the KMT
Zhang Xueliang
In 1928, the era of the warlords ended. The capital was moved to Nanjing and Beijing was renamed this, meaning "Northern Peace"
Beiping
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