AQA GCSE Higher Biology- The Kidneys

This quiz focuses on the kidneys, so the questions will cover urine production, water balance, deamination, kidney failure and its treatments. This is part of the AQA GCSE higher separate science Biology course, as part of the paper 2 topic, Coordination and Control. The idea of this quiz is to ensure that you know everything there is to know about the kidneys, and get you a grade 9. Type in the answers to each of the questions, and good luck!

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Last updated: September 14, 2025

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First submitted	September 14, 2025
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Average score	52.4%
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Question	Answer
During filtration, the first step of urine production, larger molecules such as blood cells and proteins can't pass through the filter so remain in the blood, but smaller molecules can pass through, such as water, glucose, ions and which other substance?	Urea
During reabsorption, all of the glucose is reabsorbed into the blood, and by what process does this occur?	Active Transport
During reabsorption, some substances are reabsorbed only in quantities needed by the body, and these substances are dissolved ions, and what else?	Water
Urine containing urea, ions and water is then released by the kidneys via the ureter, and stored in which organ until it is released from the body?	Bladder
ADH, the hormone responsible for controlling water absorption, is produced in which gland?	Pituitary
In the body, if water content is too high, does the pituitary gland release more or less ADH?	Less
This means that the kidney walls become more permeable, so do kidney tubules reabsorb more or less water?	Less
Does this mean that more or less urine is produced?	More
In the body, if water content is too low, does the pituitary gland release more or less ADH?	More
This means that the kidney walls become less permeable, so do kidney tubules reabsorb more or less water?	More
Does this mean more or less urine is produced?	Less

Question	Answer
The control of water balance in the body with ADH is an example of which body control mechanism?	Negative Feedback
Amino acids, which have been broken down by protease, are broken down into what in the liver during deamination?	Ammonia
Ammonia is really toxic, so what is it then broken down into in the liver?	Urea
In order to prevent organ rejection following a kidney transplant, kidneys are given to patients whose donors have antigens on tissues that are similar to the patient's. Another precaution they may take is taking which type of drug?	Immuno-suppressant
What is the name of the treatment for kidney failure that involves blood from a patient's vein being pumped into a machine, where blood and a dialysis fluid are separated by a partially permeable membrane, that move in opposite directions, meaning an exchange of substances can occur?	Dialysis
What is the most important example of a metabolic waste substance that will diffuse into the dialysis fluid from the blood, so it can leave the body?	Urea
Advantages of which type of kidney treatment are that it provides a better quality of life, and is cheaper in the long term?	Kidney Transplant
Advantages of which type of kidney treatment is that it can be beneficial for people too weak for a transplant, and no need to take immunosuppressants?	Dialysis
Disadvantages of which type of kidney treatment include drops in blood pressure and being expensive for the NHS?	Dialysis
Disadvantages of which type of kidney treatment include long waiting lists and also the need to take immunosuppressants?	Kidney Transplant