Anglais L3 SVT

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Organs which recognize and respond to stimuli

The organs which hormones take effect upon

Sensory neurones carry messages from sense organs into the CNS

Class of chemical compounds, mostly metallic oxides. Examples are sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and magnesium sulphate

Specialised cells which react to stimuli and convey impulses down nerves

Organ which recognizes and responds to stimuli

Bodily system in which the effect of a hormone's action or lack of action is fed back into the system, turning production of the hormone off or on

Disease which children can inherit from their parent/s as a result of abnormalities in their genes

Substances containing disabled antigens of a particular disease, usually administered via injection. Vaccines stimulate the body to produce antibodies to provide immunity against that disease.

The widening of blood vessels

Organ which recieves and responds to a stimulus, for example, the eye, ear, taste buds, skin, nose

Manufacturing of proteins

The sum of all chemical processes taking place in our cells, and the rate at which these proceed

Positively- or negatively-charged particles - eg positively charged hydrogen, sodium and potassium atoms

Complex behaviour which is aquired through experience. We don't all respond in the same way to a specific stimulus - for example some people don't eat chocolate cake because they have learnt that it makes them ill, even though they like the taste

A component of gastric juice secreted in the stomach. It helps chemical digestion by breaking down food and providing the optimum pH for the digestive enzyme pepsin

Ultramicroscopic non-cellular organisms that replicate themselves inside the cells of living hosts

Things that set off a reaction in the nervous system, for example, light, heat, sound, gravity, smell, taste, or temperature. The singular is stimulus

Organic substances which are essential in small amounts to regulate the metabolism and maintain the immune system

Containing oxygen

Too small to be seen with a normal microscope. (Electron microscopes are usually used to study viruses)

Released in respiration and required for virtually all metabolic activities in living things

Takes blood away from kidneys

Influenza : a highly contageous viral disease that can cause death

Breathe air in

Liquid, non-cellular part of the blood

A nerve pathway which produces an automatic response

Bodily system of glands which secrete hormones into the bloodstream

The biochemical activities that occur within the body to keep us alive

Follicle Stimulating Hormone, which stimulates oestrogen production and the growth of follicles (egg-sacs) in the ovary

Devices that administer medication to the airways

A toxic chemical produced during anaerobic respiration

The body's natural barriers which are always there, eg the skin

Greek for 'too little sugar in the blood'

Inorganic chemical compounds

The main male sex hormone, secreted in the testes

The rods and cones of the retina - they respond to light stimuli

Narrowing of the blood vessels

The windpipe or tube from the back of the mouth to the top of the lungs

Immunising by introducing harmless pathogens ; innoculating

Organic compounds made up of amino acid molecules. One of the three main food groups, proteins are needed by the body for cell growth and repair

White blood cell fragments which circulate in the blood and assist in clotting

The gap between two neurones across which nerve signals must jump

Ribonucleic acid : it converts the genetic information stored in DNA into proteins

Having two eyes side-by-side, each delivering a slightly different view to the brain. It enables humans to judge distance, depth and speed

A nitrogenous waste product resulting from the break down of proteins. It is excreted in urine

The part of the brain responsible for controlling the body's reaction to temperature, hunger and thirst

Reaction to a stimulus ; the effect produced by an effector organ, for example you salivate when you taste something

The inside layer in the eye that is responsive to light

These nerve cells carry messages around the CNS

Motor neurones carry messages out of the CNS to effector organs

A pair of organs in the female reproductive system where ova (eggs) are produced

Chemical messengers produced in glands and carried by the blood to specific organs in the body

Carries blood to the kidneys

The automatic response produced by reflex arcs - for example knee jerk reflex, withdrawal reflex, blinking, salivating

Made or put together

The organ in females in which babies are concieved and carried. Also called the uterus

Cells in the lining of the trachea and bronchi which make mucus

Proteins which catalyse or speed up chemical reactions inside our bodies

Reathe air out

Keeping a constant blood sugar level

Chemical used in a laboratory test

Organ which constitutes the largest gland in the body. It produces bile to aid the digestion of fats, stores glucose in the form of glycogen, and helps break down proteins and carbohydrates

Harmful by-products of metabolic processes

Convert into droplets

Fertilisation outside the womb. 'In vitro' means in a test-tube (or glass dish)

An action which is not forced or a reflex

Forceful or irregular heartbeats

Thin-walled, valved tubes which carry blood back to the heart

Large gland located in the abdomen near the stomach which produces digestive enzymes and the hormone insulin

Positively- or negatively-charged particles - eg positively charged hydrogen, sodium and potassium atoms

Gaseous element making up about 20% of the air, which is needed by living organisms for respiration

Long-chain molecules made up of hydrogen and carbon atoms

Thin lining tissues which secrete mucus

A soluble carbohydrate which is coverted into glucose by the liver

Cells which contain haemoglobin and carry oxygen

A nerve cell

The amount of extra oxygen required by the body for recovery after vigorous exercise

Something that causes a response; a sense impression that sets off a reaction in the nervous system, for example, light, heat, sound, gravity, smell, taste, or temperature. The plural is stimul

Widening of the blood vessels

One of the glands which secrete hormones into the bloodstream

Substances present at the start of a chemical reaction

Muscles between the ribs which raise the ribcage by contracting and lower it by relaxing

Wave-like muscular contractions in the smooth wall of the gut which move food through the alimentary canal

An involuntary reaction that happens rapidly in response to a stimuli eg moving your hand from a flame

The body's defence system against diseases and infections

Slimy white protein which lines the respiratory tract and alimentary canal

Luteinising Hormone, secreted by the pituitary gland, which stimulates ovulation

Fluid secreted by glands in the mouth which moistens and softens food. It contains the enzyme amylase which digests starch, and a lubricant which makes food slippery and easy to swallow

Non-digestible carbohydrates. Fibre is essential as a bulking agent to help food pass quickly and easily through the bowel

Deflected from a straight path ; bent

The increased strength and size of a hybrid (an offsping produced as a result of breeding two genetically different organisims) compared to that of the parents

Aka womb, this is where the fertilised ovum develops

White blood cells which attack pathogens by producing antibodies

A minute, usually single-celled, organism which does not photosynthesise

A simple sugar made by the body from food, which is used by cells to make energy in respiration

Female hormone secreted by the ovaries

The process of keeping a constant body temperature

Transfer of oxygen from the air into our blood and carbon dioxide out of our blood into the air

Minute, usually single-celled, organisms which do not photosynthesise. Singular is protozoan or protozoon

The chest, containing the heart and lungs and encased by the ribs

Greek for 'too much sugar in the blood'

Small flap at the back of the tongue; it closes the top of the trachea when we swallow so that food does not go down the wrong way (It does not always work properly ; if food goes down the wrong way you cough to try to get the lump of food out of your windpipe)

Process of keeping a constant amount of water and salts in the blood

A substance on which enzymes act

A suspension of particles in a liquid (formed when a previously dissolved substance becomes insoluble)

Female hormone secreted by the ovaries

An organism that lives in or on another organism

Scale of acidity/alkalinity

Cells which fight disease by making antibodies or engulfing germs

One of two organs in humans which extract impurities from the blood