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Hint
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Answer
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Formation that hangs from the ceiling
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Stalactite
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Formation that grows from the ground
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Stalagmite
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Rock type most large caves form in
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Limestone
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Process where water dissolves rock
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Erosion
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Animals that live only in caves
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Troglobite
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Underground room inside a cave
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Chamber
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Weak acid in rainwater that forms caves
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Carbonic acid
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Structure formed when stalactite and stalagmite join
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Column
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General term for cave formations
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Speleothems
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Landscape of sinkholes and caves
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Karst
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Caves formed by lava flows
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Lava tube
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Mineral in stalactites/stalagmites
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Calcite
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Vertical cave shaft
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Pit
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Thin hollow stalactite type
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Straw
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Sideways-growing cave formation
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Helictite
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Ice cave formed in glaciers
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Moulin
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Cave without sunlight
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Aphotic
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Longest cave system in the world
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Mammoth caves
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Mineral formula of calcite
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CaCO3
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Type of weathering that forms limestone caves
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Chemical
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Ion released when carbonic acid dissolves limestone
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Calcium
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Process where calcite comes out of solution
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Precipitation
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Loss of CO2 from dripping water is called
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Degassing
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Speleothem growth depends strongly on this factor
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Drip rate
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Underground drainage network in a karst
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Conduit
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Cave passage formed under pressure below water table
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Phreatic tube
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Cave passage formed above water table
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Vasose passage
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Rock layer that allows water flow
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Aquifer
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Rock layer that blocks water
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Aquiclude
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Cave formed by sulfuric acid is called
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Hypogenic
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Organisms that feed on minerals instead of sunlight
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Chemoautotrophs
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Cave zone with some light
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Twilight zone
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Loss of pigmentation in cave animals is called
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Air movement driven by temperature differences
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Convection
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Water pressure that enlarges phreatic caves
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Hydrostatic
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Crystal growth form of calcite
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Rhombohedral
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Annual growth layer in speleothems
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Laminae
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Mineral replacing calcite in some caves
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Gypsum
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Mineral replacing calcite in some caves
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Dolomite
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Mineral replacing calcite in some caves
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Silica
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Mineral replacing calcite in some caves
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Aragonite
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Mineral replacing calcite in some caves
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Magnesite
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