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Hint
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Answer
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If the repair or replacement remedy under section 23 is ineffective, the consumer then has a final right to either (not both):
1. Request a price _____ 2. Reject the goods altogether
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reduction
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This final remedy is available if:
• The goods still do not meet the contractual terms after an attempt at repair or replacement.
• Repair or replacement is ______ or disproportionate.
• The trader fails to repair or replace the goods within a reasonable time or without causing significant inconvenience to the consumer.
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impossible
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.
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x
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CONTRACT TO SUPPLY SERVICES
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x
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The Consumer Rights Act 2015 implies terms where there is an agreement between a _____ and a consumer for the trader to supply services.
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trader
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A ____ is someone buying goods or services for personal use, not for business purposes.
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consumer
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A trader is someone acting in the course of their business, trade, or profession, whether personally (e.g. self-employed) or through a _______.
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representative
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A service (dictionary definition) is any ___ performed by a trader for a consumer in exchange for payment or other compensation.
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act
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A contract to supply services is any agreement where a consumer pays for services provided by a ____. It also includes services provided by sub-contractors. For instance, if a builder hires a sub-contractor to complete part of the job (like plumbing or electrics), the consumer still has protection under the Act.
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trader
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.
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x
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2. Implied Terms
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x
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____ - Reasonable Care & Skill
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s49
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The trader must meet the standard expected of a _______ professional in that field.
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competent
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The focus is on how the service is carried out, not necessarily the end result. This means that as long as the trader performs the work to a competent standard, they may not be in breach of contract even if the desired result isn’t achieved
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Thake v Maurice
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Reasonable care and skill must be judged based on the standards that apply to the service in its specific context, not necessarily on the consumer’s expectations.
|
Wilson v Best Travel
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____ - Performance within a Reasonable Time
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s52
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If the contract does not specify a time frame for completing the service, the law implies a term that the service must be performed within a ____ time.
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reasonable
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Relevant factors , What counts as a reasonable time is a question of fact:
• The ____ of the service.
• The specific circumstances surrounding the contract.
• The complexity and scale of the work.
• Any delays caused by the consumer or external factors
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nature
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|
.
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x
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|
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x
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____ - Right to Repeat Performance
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s55
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The consumer can require the trader to perform the service again, ensuring it ______ to the contract.
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conforms
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This remedy is only available if it is ____ for the service to be performed again. If the service cannot be repeated (e.g., a haircut) this remedy does not apply.
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possible
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If the consumer opts for repeat performance ,
• The trader must complete the service within a reasonable time • The repeated service must be provided without significant ______ to the consumer, such as unreasonable delays or extra costs.
• The cost of the repeat performance is borne by the trader, not the consumer.
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inconvenience
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|
.
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x
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____ - Right to a Price Reduction
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s56
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If repeat performance is either:
• Not ____ within a reasonable time,
• Provided but causes significant inconvenience to the consumer, or
• Impossible (e.g., the nature of the service prevents it from being redone),
Then the consumer can request a price reduction instead. This can range from a partial reduction to a full refund depending on the circumstances of the breach.
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provided
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.
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x
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EXCLUSION CLAUSES
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x
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1. Contract for Supply of Good
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x
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A trader cannot exclude or limit liability for breaches of the implied terms (s9, s10, s11).
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s31
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A trader cannot exclude or limit liability for death or personal injury that results from their negligence.
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s65
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|
All terms in a consumer contract must be fair. Unfair terms are legally void.
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s62
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A term is considered unfair if it it causes a significant ____ in the parties' rights and obligations under the contract to the detriment of the consumer.
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imbalance
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When determining whether a contract term is fair, the courts will consider ,
• The subject matter of the contract • All relevant _____: The specific details surrounding the contract when it was made, such as the parties’ knowledge, bargaining power, and the clarity of the terms.
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circumstances
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|
.
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x
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2. Contract for Supply of Good
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x
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Traders cannot exclude or limit their liability for breaches of the implied terms in contracts for services (s49 & s52)
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s57
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A trade cannot exclude liability for death or personal injury resulting from their negligence when providing services.
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s65
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|
All terms in a consumer contract must be fair. Unfair terms are legally void.
|
s62
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