| Hint | Answer | % Correct |
|---|---|---|
| All of D's _____ are relevant in assessing the existence of the subjective belief | Characteristics | 100%
|
| D's belief needn't be true nor reasonable, but the reasonableness is relevant to assessing the existence of the belief | Gladstone Williams | 100%
|
| D must believe in the existence of circumstances which make it ______ to use force | Necessary | 100%
|
| It is not necessary that D weighs to a nicety the exact force required | Palmer | 100%
|
| D's force must be _____, assessed in the circumstances as D believe them to be | Reasonable | 100%
|
| Where D does what he honestly thought was necessary, that is strong evidence of ______ | Reasonableness | 100%
|
| 1. Necessity of Force | x | 100%
|
| . | x | 100%
|
| 2. Proportionality | x | 100%
|
| A pre-emptive strike can be reasonable if proportionate and genuine | Beckford | 0%
|
| There is no duty to retreat, but whether D could have retreated is relevant to assessing the existence of a genuine belief in necessity | Bird | 0%
|
| D may use ___ force, though not grossly so, if a) D is in a dwelling, b) D is not a trespasser, and c) D believes V is a trespasser. | Disproportionate | 0%
|
| If D's belief is drunk and mistaken, the defence fails | O'Grady | 0%
|
| The fact that D initiated the violence does not automatically disqualify D | Rashford | 0%
|
| The defence will fail if D uses violence as an excuse to justify self-defence | Rashford | 0%
|