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Artic Tundra Case study

Case study information for the Artic Tundra OCR A-Level geography topic Earth Life Support Systems
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Last updated: May 12, 2026
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First submittedMay 6, 2026
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Hint
Answer
How many million km*2 is it?
8
What is the main type of rock found in the north slope region?
Sedimentary
What is the main types of rock found in Brookes Range Mountains region?
Metamorphic | Igneous
What is an example of the above rock type?
Limestone
How much precipitation per year (approximately)?
200
When is the colder season?
November-April
When is the warmer (growing) season?
May-October
What does most of the precipitation fall as?
Snow
What does lack of vegetation lead to little of?
Evapotranspiration
What makes a impermeable layer which prevents infiltration which leads to a lack of groundwater?
Permafrost
Is the carbon cycle slow or fast?
Slow
How many GT (Giga Tonnes) of carbon are stored here?
1600
Where is most of this carbon stored?
Permafrost | Soil
What is Net Primary Productivity in grams/m*2/year?
200
What was found in the North Slope in the 1960s?
Oil
How much of the USA's oil and gas (%) was Alaska producing in the 1990s?
25
How much of the USA's oil and gas (%) is Alaska producing now?
4
What is it called when metropolitan areas experience significantly higher air and surface temperatures than surrounding rural areas due to human modification of the landscape, including high-density buildings and impervious surfaces (asphalt/concrete) that absorb and store heat, combined with reduced vegetation for shade and cooling (transpiration)?
Urban heat island effect
What measures a surface's reflectivity, defining how much solar energy it reflects versus absorbs?
Albedo effect
What has led to melting of the permafrost due to the urban heat island effect where dust particles cause the albedo affect and removing vegetation speeds the process of melting.
Mining Industry
How many millions of tonnes of CO2 are lost from the North Slope?
7-40
How many thousands of tonnes of methane are lost from the North Slope?
24-144
How many miles long is the Trans-Alaskan Pipeline System (TAPS)?
800
What % of the TAPS goes over permafrost?
75
How are the TAPS managed to reduce impacts on the Alaskan Tundra?
Insulated gravel pads | Elevated pipelines
How many refigerated supports are along the pipeline?
78,000
What is the pipeline built to do to prevent oil spills during an earthquake?
Flex
Who recently broke the record for longest lateral drilling tunnel on the North Slope?
Conco Philipps
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