Cation Precipitation Test

- Module 8 Chemistry NSW - For multiple ions, type 'and'

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Last updated: October 28, 2025

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Hint	Answer
Step 1	Add HCl
Which ions precipitate?	Ag⁺ and Pb²⁺
Ag⁺ + Cl⁻ → AgCl(s) what is the ppt colour?	white
Pb²⁺ + 2Cl⁻ → PbCl₂(s) what is the ppt colour?	white
To distinguish between Pb and Ag	Add NH₃ to ppt
Precipitate dissolves	Ag⁺
Precipitate does not dissolve	Pb²⁺

Hint	Answer
Step 2	Add H₂SO₄
Which ions precipitate?	Ba²⁺ and Ca²⁺
Ba²⁺ + SO₄²⁻ → BaSO₄(s) what is the ppt colour?	white
Ca²⁺ + SO₄²⁻ → CaSO₄(s) what is the ppt colour?	white
To distinguish between Ca²⁺ and Ba²⁺	Add NaF to previous solution
Ion does not precipitate	Ba²⁺
Ca²⁺ + 2F⁻ → CaF₂(s) what is the ppt colour?	white

Hint	Answer
Step 3	Add NaOH
Which ions precipitate?	Mg
	Fe(II)
	Fe(III)
	Cu
Mg²⁺ + 2OH⁻ → Mg(OH)₂(s) what is the ppt colour?	white
Cu²⁺ + 2OH⁻ → Cu(OH)₂(s) what is the ppt colour?	blue
Fe²⁺ + 2OH⁻ → Fe(OH)₂(s) what is the ppt colour?	green
Fe³⁺ + 3OH⁻ → Mg(OH)₃(s) what is the ppt colour?	brown

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