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Common toponyms in city names

City names often contain toponyms describing a type of settlement or indicating a geographical feature. Can you guess the 28 common ones selected here ? For each, you'll get the country and population of 3 cities that include it in their names, as well as an indication of the etymology of the toponym (e.g. germanic, latin, slavic).
The toponyms can be from any language, but they must appear in the English names of cities.
Some similar toponyms with similar meanings and etymologies are considered to be the same (e.g. ciutad, cité, city, citta).
Non geography related words such as "New", "Saint", "Las", "Al", ... are not included.
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Pohoua
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Last updated: January 6, 2026
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First submittedDecember 1, 2025
Times taken31
Average score67.9%
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Country, population
Etymology
Answer
Mexico, 23mil
USA, 19mil
Panama, 2.1mil
latin
city
(Mexico City, New York City, Panama City)
meaning city
South Africa, 7.9mil
Russia, 6.4mil
Germany, 2.5mil
germanic
burg
(Johannesburg, Saint Petersburg, Hamburg)
from proto-Germanic burgz, meaning fortification
Netherlands, 2.5mil
Netherlands, 1mil
Netherlands, 29k
germanic
dam
(Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Schiedam)
meaning dam or dike in Dutch
Sierra Leone, 1.5mil
Jamaica, 1.2mil
Guyana, 245k
germanic
town, ton
(Freetown, Kingston, Georgetown)
from old English tun, meaning settlement
Haiti, 2.9mil
Portugal, 1.4mil
Mauritius, 300k
latin
port
(Port-au-Prince, Porto, Port Louis)
meaning harbor
Canada, 3.7mil
Uruguay, 1.8mil
France, 466k
latin
mont
(Montréal, Montevideo, Montpellier)
meaning hill or mountain
Serbia, 1.3mil
Russia, 1mil
Russia, 431k
slavic
grad (град)
(Belgrad, Volgograd, Kaliningrad)
meaning fortification in old Slavic
Singapore, 6.1mil
India, 3mil
Bangladesh, 485k
sanskrit
pur
(Singapore, Jaipur, Rangpur)
from Sanskrit pura (पुर), meaning city
USA, 1.7mil
Libya, 1.2mil
Ukraine, 425k
greek
polis
(Indianapolis, Tripoli, Mariupol)
from ancient Greek polis (πόλις), meaning city
Rep. Congo, 2.8mil
USA, 1.2mil
Gabon, 704k
latin
ville
(Nashville, Libreville, Granville)
meaning city in French
India, 7.7mil
Pakistan, 2.4mil
Turkmenistan, 1mil
persian
abad (آباد)
(Hyderabad, Ashgabat, Islamabad)
meaning settlement in Persian
Sweden, 1.6mil
Denmark, 48k
Norway, 8k
germanic
holm
(Stockholm, Hørsholm, Holmestrand)
meaning island or hill in old Norse
Japan, 1.2mil
Japan, 583k
Japan, 275k
japanese
shima (島)
(Hiroshima, Kagoshima, Fukushima)
meaning island in Japanese
Iceland, 249k
Iceland, 15k
Iceland, 3k
germanic
vik
(Reykjavik, Keflavik, Grindavik)
meaning bay in Icelandic
Brasil, 11mil
Argentina, 157k
Colombia, 126k
latin
rio
(Rio de Janeiro, Riohacha, Rio Cuarto)
meaning river in Spanish
Uzbekistan, 3mil
Kazakhstan, 1.3mil
Tajikistan, 52k
turkish
kent (кент)
(Tashkent, Shymkent, Panjakent)
meaning city in Turkish
South africa, 4.8mil
Mexico, 351k
Ghana, 108k
latin
cape
(Cape Town, Cabo San Luca, Cape Coast)
from Latin caput, meaning head and headland
China, 33mil
China, 11mil
China, 6.6mil
chinese
zhou (州)
(Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhengzhou)
meaning prefecture in Mandarin
Germany, 165k
Curaçao (nl), 136k
Norway, 86k
germanic
stadt
(Darmstadt, Willemstad, Fredrikstad)
from proto-Germanic stadiz, meaning city
Brazil, 3.9mil
USA, 1mil
Martinique (fr), 115k
latin
fort
(Fortaleza, Fort Worth, Fort-de-France)
meaning fortification
UK, 589k
UK, 388k
UK, 132k
latin
cester
(Manchester, Leicester, Gloucester)
from old English caester, meaning fortification
Germany, 1.4mil
Norway, 469k
Austria, 25k
germanic
berg
(Nuremberg, Bergen, Wolfsberg)
meaning mountain in German
South Africa, 747k
France, 37k
Namibia, 27k
latin
fountain
(Bloemfontein, Fontainebleau, Grootfontein)
from Latin fontana, meaning fountain
Germany, 329k
Austria, 228k
Belgium, 119k
germanic
bridge, brücke
(Saarbrücken, Innsbruck, Bruges)
from proto-Germanic brugjō, meaning bridge
UK, 320k
Spain, 180k
Switzerland, 33k
latin
castle, châtel, castel
(Newcastle upon Tyne, Castellón de la Plana, Neuchâtel)
from Latin castellum, meaning fortification
Germany, 2.3mil
UK, 546k
UK, 166k
germanic
ford, furt
(Frankfurt, Bradford, Oxford)
from proto-Germanic furdu, meaning shallow part of a river
USA, 632k
Australia, 25k
New Zealand, 1.1k
germanic
spring
(Colorado Springs, Alice Springs, Hammer Springs)
meaning spring
Indonesia, 1.6mil
Iran, 526k
Brunei, 100k
persian
bandar (بندر)
(Bandar Lampung, Bandar Abbas, Bandar Seri Begawan)
meaning harbor in Persian
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1 Comments
+1
Level 78
Dec 26, 2025
Really interesting idea!