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Hint
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Answer
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Main stabilising Bone of the forearm that does NOT articulate at wrist joint
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Ulna
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Rotates over stationary forearm bone
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Radius
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Proximal row of carpal bones (SLTP)
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Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform
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Distal row of carpals (HCTT)
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Hamate, Capitate, Trapezoid, Trapezium
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Risk of Scaphoid Fracture, especially in 10% of people who don't receive retrograde blood supply (distal to proximal flow)
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Avascular Necrosis
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True Wrist Joint + type
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Radiocarpal joint - Condyloid synovial
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Other wrist joints (4)
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Distal radioulnar joint
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Other wrist joints
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Midcarpal joint
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Other wrist joints
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Intercarpal Joint
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Other wrist joints
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Carpometacarpal Joint
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How many bones in the hand
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19
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What type of joint is the MCP (metacarpophalangeal)
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Condyloid synovial
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What type of joints are the Proximal + distal interphalangeal joints (PIP,DIP)
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Hinge synovial
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Hand Ligaments that stabilise joints and firmly attach to deep transverse metacarpal ligament AKA volar
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Palmar ligaments/plates
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Hand ligaments that resist separation of metacarpals
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Deep transverse metacarpal
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Hand ligaments that stabilise MCP + IP joints, and are taught in flexion
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Collateral ligaments
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Other name for wrist adduction
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Ulnar Deviation
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Other name for wrist abduction
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Radial Deviation
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Anterior muscles of forearm function
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Flexion
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Posterior muscles of forearm function
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Extension
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Innervation of Anterior flexor compartment apart from 1.5 muscles
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Median nerve
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Innervation of Posterior extensor compartment
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Radial nerve
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Where all Anterior superficial + intermediate layer muscles arise from
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Common flexor tendon at medial epicondyle of humerus
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Where 4 Posterior superficial layer muscles arise from
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Common Extensor tendon at lateral epicondyle of humerus
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Which 2 don't arise from there
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Brachioradialis, Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
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Posterior muscles of forearm function
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Extension
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Anterior Superficial layer muscles (4)
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Pronator Teres
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Anterior Superficial layer muscles
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Flexor Carpi Radialis
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Anterior Superficial layer muscles
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Palmaris Longus
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Anterior Superficial layer muscles
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Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
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Anterior Intermediate layer muscle (1)
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Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
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Anterior Deep layer muscles (3)
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Flexor Digitorum Profundus
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Anterior Deep layer muscles
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Flexor Pollicis Longus
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Anterior Deep layer muscles
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Pronator Quadratus
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Posterior Superficial Layer muscles (6)
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Brachioradialis
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Posterior Superficial Layer
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Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
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Posterior Superficial Layer
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Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
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Posterior Superficial Layer
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Extensor Digitorum
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Posterior Superficial Layer
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Extensor Digiti Minimi
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Posterior Superficial Layer
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Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
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Posterior Deep Layer muscles (5)
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Supinator
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Posterior Deep Layer
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Extensor Indicis
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Posterior Deep Layer
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Abductor Pollicis Longus
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Posterior Deep Layer
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Extensor Pollicis Brevis
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Posterior Deep Layer
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Extensor Pollicis Longus
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5 muscle groups of the hand
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Thenar, Hypothenar, Adductor, Central, Interosseus
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Muscles in Thenar (3)
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Abductor pollicis brevis
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Muscles in Thenar
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Flexor pollicis brevis
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Muscles in Thenar
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Opponens pollicis
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Muscles in Hypothenar (3)
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Abductor digiti minimi
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Muscles in Hypothenar
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Flexor digiti minimi brevis
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Muscles in Hypothenar
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Opponens digiti minimi
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Muscle in Adductor
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Adductor Pollicis
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Central muscles (2)
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Long flexor tendons, lumbrical muscles
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Interosseous muscles
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interossei
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Where does the thenar originate
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base of thumb
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Where does the hypothenar originate
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base of little finger
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Where do the lumbricals originate
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flexor tendons
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Where do the interossei originate
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metacarpal bones
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What quadratic muscle is around the hypothenar but not part of these groups, and originates from the dermis?
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Palmaris brevis
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Innervation of Thenar
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recurrent branch of median nerve
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Innervation of Hypothenar
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deep branch of ulnar nerve
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PAD DAB
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Palmar Adduct, Dorsal Abduct
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Only intrinsic hand muscles not innervation by deep ulnar nerve but by median?
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1st and 2nd lumbrical
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Symptom of severe carpal tunnel due to compression of median nerve
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Wasting of thenar eminence
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Superficial veins of upper limb (3)
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Cephalic, Basilic, Median Cubital Vein
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Deep veins of upper limb
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Brachial veins
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Where cephalic vein originates, goes via and drains into
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lateral dorsal venous arch, deltopectoral groove, axillary vein at clavipectoral triangle
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Where basilic vein originates and where it becomes axillary vein
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Medial Dorsal Venous arch, lower border of teres major
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Where does brachial artery bifurcate
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neck of radius
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What ulnar artery is deep to
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Pronator teres
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Branches of ulnar artery
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Common interosseus, Anterior + posterior interosseus
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What radial artery is deep to
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Brachioradialis
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What mostly composes superficial palmar arch arterial supply
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Ulnar
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What mostly composes deep palmar arch arterial supply
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Radial
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Vein and Artery that go via anatomical snuffbox
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Cephalic, radial
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What muscles radial nerve innervates
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posterior arm and forearm
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What skin radial nerve innervates
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posterior + inferolateral arm, posterior forearm, lateral dorsal hand, dorsal lateral 3.5 fingers
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radial nerve origin
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posterior cord C5-T1
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Ulnar nerve origin
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medial cord C8-T1
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median nerve origin
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lateral and medial cords C5/6-T1
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Median nerve innervates which muscle compartment other than flexor carpi ulnaris + ulnar half of flexor digitorum profundus
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Ant compartment
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Median nerve innervates which muscles
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Thenar eminence
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Median nerve innervates which muscles
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first 2 lumbricals
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Median nerve innervates what skin
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lateral half of palm + lateral 3.5 fingers
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Ulnar nerve innervates what muscles
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FCU, medial FDP, other intrinsic hand muscles
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Ulnar nerve innervates what skin
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medial dorsal and palmar aspect of palm and medial 1.5 fingers
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Contents of Carpal Tunnel (4)
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Flexor pollicis longus
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Contents of Carpal Tunnel
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Flexor digitorum superficialis
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Contents of Carpal Tunnel
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Flexor digitorum profundus
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Contents of Carpal Tunnel
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Median nerve
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What the Cubital Tunnel contains
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Ulnar nerve
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