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Produced portraits, still-life, and provocative homoerotic images, sparking posthumous controversy.
Robert Mapplethorpe
Created portable roll film and the Kodak camera, making photography accessible to the public.
George Eastman
Famous for detailed Yosemite photography and co-founded Group f/64, developing the Zone System.
Ansel Adams
Used self-portraits and staged photography to critique media stereotypes of women.
Cindy Sherman
A German‑born American photojournalist whose candid, small‑camera images for Life magazine—including the iconic V‑J Day Times Square “kiss” photograph—helped define modern photojournalism.
Alfred Eisenstaedt
Invented heliography and created the oldest surviving photograph of a real scene.
Joseph Nicéphore Niépce
Known for large-scale, digitally manipulated photographs of modern life that sell for record prices.
Andreas Gursky
Captured industrial, social, and wartime subjects, including Gandhi and WWII concentration camps.
Margaret Bourke-White
Master of candid photography and founder of Magnum Photos, known for capturing the “decisive moment.”
Henri Cartier-Bresson
Influential American documentary photographer and photojournalist, best known for her empathetic, Depression-era work for the Farm Security Administration (FSA) that captured the human impact of the Great Depression and the Dust Bowl. Most known for Migrant Mother
Dorothea Lange
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Improved the cinematograph and developed the first widely used color photography process, autochrome.
Auguste & Louis Lumière
Created experimental “rayographs” and surrealist photography, rediscovering solarization techniques.
Man Ray
Developed his namesake type, a faster photographic process using iodized silver plates and mercury.
Louis Daguerre
Used sequential photography to prove that racehorses lift all four feet off the ground and invented the zoopraxiscope.
Eadweard Muybridge
Transitioned from pictorialism to fashion photography and directed MoMA’s photography department.
Edward Steichen
Pioneered high-speed photography using stroboscopic multiflash techniques.
Harold “Doc” Edgerton
Invented Polaroid instant film and the first commercially viable instant camera.
Edwin Land
Documented the Civil War and established photojournalism in the United States.
Mathew Brady
Advanced photography as an art form and founded Camera Work and the Photo-Secession movement.