Quiz #4 61-80 Social Studies Academic Team 500 Questions

Charles the Fifth ordered the construction of this structure in 1370 as a defense against English attacks. Cardinal Richelieu [REESH-lew] was the first to convert the structure to its most famous use, and populated it using lettre de cachets [LETT-ruh de kah-SHAY]. Name this French prison which was stormed on July 14, 1789.

The first of these protests included only four people, but sparked a movement that grew to 70,000. Centered on nonviolent protest, these acts were utilized during the civil rights movement and led to policy changes in 20 states. What peaceful form of protest first began on February 1, 1960, in Greensboro, North Carolina?

The national sentiment regarding this event shifted as officer Ferdinand Walsin-Esterhazy [ES-ter- hah-zee] was implicated as guilty. Centered on the alleged sale of military secrets to the German empire, the second court martial in this affair was overturned by the president. What late nineteenth-century political crisis centered on alleged treason of a Jewish French officer?

This event was precipitated by Bohemian regents' violation of the Letter of Majesty approved by Rudolf the Second. Centered on the closure of Protestant chapels in two towns, Protestant leaders called an assembly and found the imperial regents guilty. What event ended with Catholic officials’ being thrown from a window, and signaled the first phase of the Thirty Years' War?

This city, according to one witness, heard a noise “like the roar of 10,000 lions” about 5 o’clock one April morning. City Hall collapsed as the ground shook, and an ensuing fire leveled more than 500 blocks in the city’s center. What city was devastated by an earthquake in 1906?

This nation’s independence was secured by the Thirty-three Orientals, who included its second president, Manuel Oribe [oh-REE-bay]. Civil war broke out in 1836 between Oribe’s Blancos and the Colorados of his predecessor, José Rivera. What nation was, under British mediation, created in 1828 as a buffer state between Brazil and Argentina?

This future president led the West Point football team against a Jim Thorpe-led Carlisle team in 1912. Commissioned a second lieutenant, he ran a tank training center in Pennsylvania during World War One. Which president would serve two terms, being first elected eight years after directing the D-Day landing of 1944?

This politician campaigned for women's suffrage in Montana, California, and Washington. Committed to pacifism, she voted against the American entry into both World War One and World War Two. What Montana native was the first woman elected to Congress?

Before this battle, the American commander declared martial law, and drafted civilians to build defensive positions. Composed of soldiers, militiamen, Choctaw tribesmen, and pirates, the American army defeated a numerically superior British army while sustaining minimal casualties. What 1815 battle was fought after the signing of the Treaty of Ghent?

This two-word phrase was applied to those who argued for action due to violation of neutral rights and trade, but had territorial expansion as their core aim. Composed of young and outspoken senators, including Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun, the group lobbied for U.S. expansion into Canada and Florida. What name is given to the U.S. politicians that advocated actions that ultimately resulted in the War of 1812?

This series of essays was sent to New York newspapers under a pen name. Comprised of multiple letters, the series addressed dissatisfaction with the current government model, taxation, federalism, and other topics. What series of letters advocated ratification of the Constitution, and was written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay?

This sport was the subject of a 1905 White House meeting, convened by Theodore Roosevelt. Concerned about the brutality of the sport, Roosevelt advocated for changes to the game after over 15 student-athletes died in 1905. What sport's first contest took place in 1869 in a game between Rutgers and Princeton?

Figures central to this period included Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi [hid-day-YOE-shee]. Conflicts in this period included the Ōnin War, Siege of Osaka, and Battle of Sekigahara. What was this period of Japanese history that ended with the rise to power of Tokugawa Ieyasu [eye-YAH- soo], marked by near constant military and political conflict?

In mid-2015, this traffic artery saw the deaths of nine migrants who tried to stow away on vehicles on trains. Construction of the artery began in 1987, and it was officially opened to traffic on May 6, 1994. Identify this undersea route that connects France and Great Britain.

This two-word term is given to an early U.S. presidential election, where the candidate who won the popular vote was not elected president. Contested among four candidates, no candidate won a majority in the electoral college, and the House of Representatives decided the election. What term is attached to the 1824 election, where Henry Clay's support of John Quincy Adams resulted in Andrew Jackson's defeat?

Two-word answer required. This institution arose after the unification of the Spanish kingdom in the late 15th century. Designed to eradicate heresy, the institution targeted Muslims, Jews, and Protestants. What institution forced numerous Iberian non-Catholics to often choose between conversion or death?

This battle was a Confederate attempt to reclaim the railroad center at Chattanooga. Despite a numerical superiority, Confederate forces were halted by a last stand by Union forces under George Thomas, and failed to pursue fleeing troops. General Braxton Bragg's inaction at what 1863 Confederate victory allowed for continued Union control of Chattanooga?

This empire expanded its control of the regions on the Eastern shore of the Baltics during the 16th and 17th centuries to include the regions around Estonia and Lithuania today. Despite a period of relative peace during the second half of the 1600s, this country found itself facing a growing Russian threat to the east as Peter the Great militarized. Allied with the Ottoman Empire for the first five years of the conflict, what nation fought The Great Northern War against Russia while led by Charles the Tenth at the beginning of the conflict?

This Nobel Peace Prize winner led the 1980 shipyard strike that resulted in the Gdansk [guh-DANSK] Agreement. Despite concessions from the government, he and other leaders were arrested when the government declared martial law in 1981. Name this politician and leader of the Solidarity movement in Poland.

The combat at this location began with the Japanese attack on Dutch Harbor. Despite early Japanese territorial gains, these islands were reclaimed by U.S. forces after a naval blockade and the capture of Kiska. What islands off the coast of Alaska were the only part of the U.S. taken by Japanese forces in World War Two?