| Question | Answer | % Correct |
|---|---|---|
| Which direction does RNA polymerase synthesize RNA? | 5′→3′ | 100%
|
| PCR is most useful for | Amplifying specific DNA regions | 100%
|
| The central dogma describes the flow of genetic information from: | DNA → RNA → Protein | 100%
|
| What occurs at the replication fork? | DNA strands separate and replication proceeds | 100%
|
| A single nucleotide insertion that alters the reading frame is classified as: | Frameshift mutation | 100%
|
| Increasing annealing temperature in PCR generally results in: | Less primer binding | 100%
|
| When lactose is present and glucose is absent, lac operon expression is: | Maximally induced | 100%
|
| Which result would indicate a successful PCR reaction? | A distinct band of expected size | 0%
|
| During which PCR step do primers bind to template DNA? | Annealing | 0%
|
| Translation begins at which codon? | AUG | 0%
|
| Transcription factors primarily function to: | Bind DNA and regulate transcription | 0%
|
| What role does tRNA play during translation? | Carries amino acids to the ribosome | 0%
|
| The ribosome moves along mRNA in which direction? | Carries amino acids to the ribosome | 0%
|
| Plasmids are best described as: | Circular DNA molecules in bacteria | 0%
|
| Which form of chromatin is transcriptionally active? | Euchromatin | 0%
|
| In Sanger sequencing, shorter DNA fragments migrate: | Faster | 0%
|
| Why is Taq polymerase used in PCR | Heat stability | 0%
|
| What is the key feature that distinguishes Sanger sequencing from PCR? | Incorporation of dideoxynucleotides | 0%
|
| The lac operon is an example of: | Inducible gene regulation | 0%
|
| Which mutation introduces a premature stop codon? | Nonsense | 0%
|
| The lac repressor binds to which region? | Operator | 0%
|
| Which PCR component determines specificity of amplification? | Primers | 0%
|
| During transcription initiation, RNA polymerase binds to the: | Promoter | 0%
|
| Which component is essential for PCR but not required for DNA replication in vivo? | Thermostable polymerase | 0%
|
| Which experimental question is best addressed using Sanger sequencing? | What is the exact nucleotide sequence of a DNA fragment? | 0%
|