Water - geology

23% groundwater, 79 billion gallons per day

Geologic material that can store water and transmit or transport water at rates fast enough to supply a reasonable amount of water to wells

a layer of saturated soil (a permeable zone) formed above the water table. It could be due to a layer of clay/ or a crystalline rock unit preventing further infiltration of rainwater

it is often called a water table aquifer. Receives infiltration/recharge from land surface (direct connection between aquifer and land surface. Upper boundary = water table, water table aquifer

a horizontal permeable one with impermeable zones above and below. Overlaid by a confining unit - no direct connection to the land surface. Place of intersection - recharge.

flowing. Drilling into confined aquifer - pressure so much, it will come back up and out - geysers are because of boiling water

Describes the existence and movement of water from the oceans, streams, and land to the atmosphere through evaporation, transpiration, sublimation, and back again as rain/precipitation.

Well - a deep hole dug or drilled into the ground to obtain water from an aquifer - water enters the well from pore spaces within the surrounding aquifer

Largely developed by groundwater erosion in many areas underlain by soluble rocks

Most groundwater is deposited in caves

hanging from the cave ceiling: icicle-like speleothem that grows from

mounds on the floor built up underneath the stalagtites

When stalagmites and stalagtites connect they are known as this

Most groundwater contains carbonic acid