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Question
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Answer
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Mao establishing communism
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01/10/1949: Addressed 300,000 supporters in Tiananmen Square, Beijing
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Long March (1934)
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100,000 communists march to escape Nationalists
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20,000 survive
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China industry (1945)
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By 1945, China's industrial output was 25% of pre-war level
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Rural population (1949)
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80% of population
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Food production (1945)
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In 1945, food production was 30% lower than in 1937
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Henan Province Famine
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2/3 million died
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Bandits (1949)
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1 million
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Hyperinflation (1940-46)
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1940: 100 Chinese yuan could buy a pig,
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1945: enough to buy a fish
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1946: 100 yuan needed to pay for an egg
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Factory output (1949)
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44% below 1937 level
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Industry workers (1949)
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2% population worked in industry
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Inflation rate (1949)
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1000%
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Ethnic and religious groups (1949)
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50
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Land usage (1949)
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15% land cultivatable
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Population growth (1949-1953)
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1949: 541 million
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1953: 587 million
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Chinese People's Political Consultative conference
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662 delegates, minority groups included
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State officials (1949-59)
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1949: 720,000
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1959: 8 million
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Party membership (1949-50)
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1949: 4.5 million members
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End of 1950: 5.8 million members
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Central committee members (1949)
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49 members
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Politburo
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25 members
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Youth League
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9 million members by 1953
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Women's federation
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76 million members
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PLA (1950) - financial
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40% state budget (including navy and airforce)
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PLA soldiers (1950-57)
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1950: 5 million soldiers
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1953: 3.5 million soldiers
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1957: 2.5 million soldiers
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Young PLA conscripts
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800,000 recruited each year
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China's population (1949)
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540 million
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Terror against enemies of party (1950-51)
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1/2 million killed
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How many arrested in Campaign to Suppress counter revolutionaries?
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2.6 million people
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Counter-revolutionary deaths (1951)
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800,000 recorded during first half of 1951
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What were the 3 Antis
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Anti-corruption
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Anti-waste
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Anti-bureaucratism
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3 Antis movement (1951)
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>1 million government servants fired
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Anti's Campaigns Suicides
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C. 200,000-300,000 suicides
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What were the 5 Antis
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Bribery
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Theft of state property
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Tax evasion
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Cheating on government contracts
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Theft of state secrets
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5 Antis Campaign (1952)
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In Shanghai, 99% of businessmen found guilty of one of the 5 antis
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Resistance to invasion in tibet
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60,000 attempted to resist
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Suppress the counter revolutionaries campaign - Guangdong
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28,000 killed
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Uyghurs population in Xinjiang
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80% of population
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Criminals targeted
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150,000 arrested
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Half were executed
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Tao Zhu killing (1950-51)
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Claimed responsibility for killing over 46,000 alleged bandits
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Luo Ruiqing killing (1951)
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Pressured leader of Hubei province which led to killings increasing
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From 220 in Jan 1951 to 45,000 by Oct
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28 April 1951 - terror in cities
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Police swept through 16 cities and
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Arrested 17,000 (led to confessions, executions, suicides)
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Effect of terror ( By 1954)
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710,000 - 2 million killed
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3 Antis campaign - Bo Yibo
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He claimed that he had hunted down 100,000 people guilt of large-scale corrpution
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3 Antis campaign victims
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1% shot
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1% sent to labour camps for life
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3% jailed for over 10 years
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Rest fined
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Labour camps - prisoners
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By 1953, 2 million prisoners (1/2 worked in laogai)
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500,000 sent in Anti-Rightist campaign
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Labour camps - conditions
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Tin mines in Guangdong
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1/3 committed suicide or died of disease within 1 year of incarceration
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Labour camps - political prisoners
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300,000 doctors, experts and engineers sent to labour camps in campaigns
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Labour camps - financial benefit
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Contributed 700 million yuan in industrial products to state each year by 1955
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Contributed 350,000 tonnes of grain to state each year by 1955
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Laogai deaths
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C. 15 million in total under Mao
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Guanzhi
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740,000 people under this system in 1953 (could be higher)
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Anti-Rightist Campaign victims
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400,000-700,000 intellectuals purged
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Human cost of Korean War
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400,000 (of 3 million sent) chinese died
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Financial cost of Korean War
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Half government spending went on millionitary in 1951
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Annual budget was 75% higher in 1951 than 1950
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War cost PRC $10 billion
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Korean war - war conditions
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90% troops reported to have suffered from frostbite
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Trade Embargo on Chinese goods
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Caused 30% fall in foreign trade in first 6 months of 1951
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