Russian Philosophers

A political philosopher and socialist thinker, often called the "father of Russian socialism." (1812-1870)

Social anarchist political philosopher and opponent of Marxist communism (1814-1876)

Russian social critic and socialist philosopher, often identified as a utopian socialist and leading theoretician of Russian nihilism and Narodniks (1828-1889)

A novelist and religious philosopher known for his Christian anarchism and pacifism. His philosophical ideas are explored in works like "The Kingdom of God Is Within You" and "What I Believe" (1828-1910)

Mystic, author, and co-founder of the Theosophical Society, known for her influential works on esoteric philosophy and the occult, which significantly shaped modern spiritual and New Age movements (1831-1891)

An anarcho-communist philosopher, Known for his works on mutual aid, cooperation, and his critique of capitalism (1842-1921)

A philosopher, theologian, and poet, considered a key figure in Russian religious philosophy (1853-1900)

Greek-Armenian mystic, spiritual teacher, and philosopher who founded the Fourth Way, a spiritual teaching that blends Eastern and Western esoteric traditions (1867-1949)

An existentialist and Christian philosopher, known for his focus on freedom, creativity, and spirituality (1874-1948)

A literary critic and philosopher known for his work on dialogism, the philosophy of language, and the theory of the novel (1895-1975)

Russian-British philosopher and historian of ideas, best known for his work on political theory, particularly his concepts of liberty, pluralism, and his influential essays on the history of ideas and intellectual history (1909-1997)

Political philosopher and strategist, known for his far-right nationalist views, advocacy of Eurasianism, and significant influence on Russian geopolitical ideology (1962)