| Definition | Keyword | % Correct |
|---|---|---|
| 'Powerhouse' of the cell where energy production occurs | Mitochondria | 64%
|
| When the heart contracts | Systole | 61%
|
| A small mass of cardiac muscle found in the wall of the right atrium that generates the heartbeat | Sinoatrial Node | 60%
|
| A stress hormone that is release by the sympathetic nerves and cardiac nerve during exercise which causes an increase in heart rate | Adrenaline | 58%
|
| Part of the autonomic nervous system that speeds up heart rate | Sympathetic | 58%
|
| The widening of the blood vessels to increase the flow of blood into the capillaries | Vasodilation | 58%
|
| A collection of heart muscle cells that transmit electrical impulses from the AVN via the bundle branches to the ventricles | Bundle of His | 57%
|
| An iron-containing pigment found in red blood cells, which combines with oxygen to form oxyhaemoglobin | Haemoglobin | 57%
|
| The fluid part of blood that surrounds blood cells and transports them | Plasma | 57%
|
| The narrowing of the blood vessels to reduce blood flow into the capillaries | Vasoconstriction | 57%
|
| This node relays the impulse between the upper and lower sections of the heart | Atrioventricular Node | 55%
|
| Part of the autonomic nervous system that decreases heart rate | Parasympathetic | 55%
|
| A measure of acidity | pH | 54%
|
| Occurs when the blood supply to the brain is cut off | Stroke | 54%
|
| Muscle fibres that conduct impulses in the walls of the ventricles | Purkinje fibres | 52%
|
| The volume of blood pumped out by the hearts ventricles in each contraction | Stroke volume | 52%
|
| The capacity of the heart to generate its own impulses | Myogenic | 51%
|
| Special sensors in tissues in the aortic arch, carotid sinus, heart and pulmonary vessels that respond to changes in blood pressure to either increase or drecrease heart rate | Baroreceptors | 49%
|
| The volume of blood pumped out by the heart ventricles per minute | Cardiac output | 48%
|
| Tiny structures in the carotid arteries and aortic arch that detect changes in blood acidity caused by an increase/decrease in the concentration of carbon dioxide | Chemoreceptors | 48%
|
| A decrease in resting heart rate to below 60 beats per minute | Bradycardia | 43%
|
| The most important part of the brain as it regulates processes that keep us alive such as breathing and heart rate | Medulla oblongata | 43%
|
| The force exerted by the blood against the blood vessel wall | Blood pressure | 42%
|
| The return of blood to the right side of the heart via the vena cava | Venous return | 39%
|
| Occurs when arteries harden and narrow as they become clogged up by fatty deposits | Atherosclerosis | 34%
|
| Chest pain that occurs when the blood supply through the coronary arteries to the muscles of the heart is restricted | Angina | 33%
|
| The thickening of the muscular wall of the heart so it becomes bigger and stronger; also can mean a larger ventricular cavity | Cardiac hypertrophy | 33%
|
| Sensory nerve endings in the muscles, tendons and joints that detect changes in muscle movement | Proprioceptors | 33%
|
| An iron-containing muscle pigment in slow-twitch muscles which has a higher affinity for oxygen than haemoglobin | Myoglobin | 31%
|
| When an increase in blood carbon dioxide and a decrease in pH results in a reduction of the affinity haemoglobin for oxygen | Bohr shift | 27%
|
| The pressure in the arteries when the ventricles are relaxing | Diastolic pressure | 21%
|
| The pressure in the arteries when the ventricles are contracting | Systolic pressure | 21%
|
| The percentage of blood pumped out by the left ventricle per beat | Ejection fraction | 19%
|
| A fatty deposit found in the inner lining of an artery | Atheroma | 12%
|
| The redistribution of cardiac output | Vascular shunt mechanism | 12%
|
| Where the athlete is able to meet the oxygen demand with the oxygen supply | Steady state | 9%
|
| The difference between the oxygen content of the arterial blood arriving at the muscles and the venous blood leaving the muscles | Arterio-venous difference | 6%
|
| When the heart relaxes to fill with blood | Diastole phase | 3%
|