Hormones

Complete the table of hormones and their characteristics For type fill in P for peptide, S for steroid, and A for amino acid-derived

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Last updated: March 1, 2026

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First submitted	February 28, 2026
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Hint	Category	Answer
P__ g__	Name	Pineal Gland
	Hormone	Melatonin
	Primary Target(s)	Brain, other tissues
	Main Effect	Circadian rhythms
		Immune function
H__	Name	Hypothalamus
	Hormone	Trophic hormones
	Type?	P
		A
	Primary Target(s)	Anterior pituitary
	Main Effect	Phosphorylates proteins
		Alters channel opening
P__ p__	Name	Posterior Pituitary (neurons)
	Hormone (O)	Oxytocin
	Type?	P
	Primary Target(s)	Breast
		Uterus
	Main Effect	Milk ejection
		Labor/delivery
	Hormone (V)	Vasopressin (ADH)
	Type?	P
	Primary Target(s)	Kidney
	Main Effect	Water reabsorption
A__ p__	Name	Anterior Pituitary
	Hormone (P)	Prolactin
	Type	P
	Primary Target(s)	Breast
	Main Effect	Milk production
	Hormone (G)	Growth hormone/somatotropin (GH)
	Type	P
	Primary Target(s)	Liver, many tissues
	Main Effect	Growth factor secretion
		Metabolism and growth
	Hormone (A)	Corticotropin/ACTH
	Type	P
	Primary Target(s)	Adrenal cortex
	Main Effect	Cortisol release
	Hormone (T)	Thyrotropin/TSH
	Type	P
	Primary Target(s)	Thyroid gland
	Main Effect	Thyroid hormone synthesis (T3/T4)
	Hormone (F)	Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
	Type	P
	Primary Target(s)	Gonads
	Main Effect	Sex hormone production; egg/sperm production
	Hormone (L)	Luteinizing hormone (LH)
	Type	P
	Primary Target(s)	Gonads
	Main Effect	Sex hormone production; egg/sperm production
T__ g__	Name	Thyroid Gland
	Hormone	T3/Triiodothyronine
		T4/Thyroxine
	Type	A
	Primary Target(s)	Many tissues
	Main Effect	Metabolism, growth, and development
	Hormone	Calcitonin
	Type	P
	Primary Target(s)	Bone
	Main Effect	Bone deposition
P__ g__	Name	Parathyroid Gland
	Hormone	PTH/Parathyroid hormone
	Type	P
	Primary Target(s) (B)	Bone
	(K)	Kidney
	(I)	Intestine
	Main Effect	Increases plasma Ca2+ levels
		Decreases plasma phosphate levels
T__ g__	Name	Thymus Gland
	Hormone	Thymosin/TPO
	Type	P
	Primary Target(s)	Lymphocytes
	Main Effect	Lymphocyte development
H__	Name	Heart (endocrine cells)
	Hormone	ANP/Atrial natriuretic peptide
	Primary Target(s)	Kidneys
	Main Effect	Increases Na+ excretion
L__	Name	Liver (endocrine cells)
	Hormone (A)	Angiotensinogen
	Type	P
	Primary Target(s)	Adrenal cortex
		Blood vessels
	Main Effect	Aldosterone secretion
		increases blood pressure
	Hormone (I)	Insulin-like growth factors/IGF
	Type	P
	Primary Target(s)	Many tissues
	Main Effect	Growth
S__	Name	Stomach (endocrine cells)
S__ i__	Name	Small intestine (endocrine cells)
	Hormone (G__)	Gastrin
	(C__)	Cholecystokinin/CCK
	(S__)	Secretin (as well as others)
	Type	P
	Primary Target(s)	GI tract
		Pancreas
	Main Effect	Assist digestion and absorption of nutrients
P__	Name	Pancreas (gland)
	Hormone (I)	Insulin
	by what cells	Beta cells
	(G)	Glucagon
	by what cells	Alpha cells
	(S)	Somatostatin
	(P__P__)	Pancreatic polypeptide
	Type	P
	Primary Target(s)	Many tissues
	Main Effect (I)	Decrease plasma glucose
	Main Effect (G)	Increase plasma glucose
	Main Effect (S)	Inhibitor
A__ c__	Name	Adrenal Cortex (gland)
	Hormone (A)	Aldosterone
	Type	S
	Primary Target(s)	Kidney
	Main Effect	Increase Na reabsorption
		Increase K excretion
	Hormone (C)	Cortisol
	Type	S
	Primary Target(s)	Many tissues
	Main Effect	Stress response
	Hormone(s) (A)	Androgens
	Type	S
	Primary Target(s)	Many tissues
A__ m__	Name	Adrenal Medulla (neurons)
	Hormone	Epinephrine/adrenaline
		Norepinephrine/noradrenaline
	Type	A
	Primary Target(s)	Many tissues
	Main Effect	Fight-or-flight response
K__	Name	Kidney (endocrine cells)
	Hormone (E)	Erythropoietin/EPO
	Type	P
	Primary Target(s)	Bone marrow
	Main Effect	Red blood cell production
	Hormone (D)	D3 (-ish)/calciferol
	Type	S
	Primary Target(s)	Intestine
	Main Effect	Increases Ca absorption
T__	Name	Testes (gland)
	Hormone (A/T)	Androgens/Testosterone
	Type	S
	Primary Target(s)	Many tissues
	Main Effect	Sperm production, secondary sex characteristics
	Hormone (I)	Inhibin
	Type	P
	Primary Target(s)	Anterior pituitary
	Main Effect	Inhibits FSH secretion
O__	Name	Ovaries (gland)
	Hormone (E)	Estrogen
	(P)	Progesterone
	Types	S
	Primary Target(s)	Many tissues
	Main Effect	Egg production, secondary sex characteristics
	Hormone (I)	Inhibin
	Type	P
	Primary Target(s)	Anterior pituitary
	Main Effect	Inhibits FSH secretion
	Hormone (R)	Relaxin
	Type	P
	Primary Target(s)	Uterine muscle
	Main Effect	Relaxes muscle
A__ t__	Name	Adipose Tissue (endocrine cells)
	Hormone	Leptin, adiponectin
	Type	P
	Primary Target(s)	Hypothalamus, other tissues
	Main Effect	Food intake, metabolism
P__	Name	Placenta (endocrine cells)
	Hormone (E)	Estrogen
	Type	S
	Primary Target(s)	Many tissues
	Main Effect	Fetal, maternal development
	Hormone (h)	Chorionic somatomammotropin/hCS
	Type	P
	Primary Target(s)	Many tissues
	Main Effect	Metabolism
	Hormone (h)	Chorionic gonadotropin/hCG
	Type	P
	Primary Target(s)	Corpus luteum/CL
	Main Effect	Hormone secretion

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