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Philosopher
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Born in...
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Known for e.g.
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Laozi
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Chujen village / State of Chu
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Daoism, wu wei
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BCE
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Mozi
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Lu / Zhou Kingdom
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Mohism, authenticity over ritual
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BCE
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Diogenes
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Sinope
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Cynicism, cosmopolitanism
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BCE
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Aristotle
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Stagira / Chalcidian League
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Syllogism, virtue ethics
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BCE
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Epicurus
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Samos
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Aponia, atomic swerve
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BCE
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Chrysippus
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Soli / Cilicia
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Stoicism, pneuma
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BCE
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Cicero
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Arpinum / Roman Republic
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Problem of evil, summum bonum
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BCE
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Epictetus
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Hierapolis / Phrygia
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Memento mori, philosophy is a way of life
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1-500 CE
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Augustine of Hippo
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Thagaste / Roman Empire
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Original sin, concuspicence/"sinful lust"
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1-500 CE
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Boëthius
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Rome / Kingdom of Italy
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The Wheel of Fortune/Rota fortunae
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1-500 CE
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Al-Ma'arri
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al-Ma'arra / Emirate of Aleppo
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Veganism, opposition to religion
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500-1000 CE
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Avicenna
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Afshona / Samanid Empire
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"Floating man", "Proof of the Truthful"
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500-1000 CE
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Averroes
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Córdoba / Almoravid Empire
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Unity of the intellect
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1000-1500 CE
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Thomas Aquinas
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Roccasecca / Kingdom of Sicily
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Peripatetic axiom, Double effect
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1000-1500 CE
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Thomas More
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City of London / England
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Utopia, Hatred/rage for Martin Luther
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1000-1500 CE
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Baltasar Gracián
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Belmonte de Gracián / Spain
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Gracián's maxims, pessimism
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1500-1800 CE
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Baruch Spinoza
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Amsterdam / Dutch Republic
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Affect, Spinozism
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1500-1800 CE
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Voltaire
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Paris / Kingdom of France
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Freedom of speech, freedom of religion
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1500-1800 CE
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Anton Wilhelm Amo
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Axim
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Critique of Descartes' philosophy of mind
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1500-1800 CE
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David Hume
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Edinburgh / Scotland
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Bundle theory, science of man
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1500-1800 CE
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Immanuel Kant
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Königsberg / Prussia
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Nebular hypothesis, Kantian ethics
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1500-1800 CE
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Arthur Schopenhauer
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Danzig / Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
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Schopenhauerian aesthetics, philosophical pessimism
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1500-1800 CE
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Søren Kierkegaard
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Copenhagen / Denmark-Norway
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Present age, existential despair
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1800-1900 CE
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Edmund Husserl
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Proßnitz / Austrian Empire
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Phenomenology, indirect realism
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1800-1900 CE
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Kitarō Nishida
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Unokema / Japan
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Basho, absolute nothingness
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1800-1900 CE
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Rosa Luxemburg
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Zamość / Russian Empire
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Revolutionary socialist democracy
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1800-1900 CE
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Sri Aurobindo
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Calcutta / British raj
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Supermind, intermediate zone
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1800-1900 CE
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Ludwig Wittgenstein
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Vienna / Austria-Hungary
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Language-games, family resemblance
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1800-1900 CE
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Albert Camus
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Mondovi / Algeria
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Absurdism
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1900-
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David Sztybel
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Toronto / Canada
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Animal ethics
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1900-
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