Condoms won't work unless people want to use them. These countries are going through the population boom that every industrializing country does. What's needed is a combination of family planning education and resources (including condoms), protecting / encouraging women's rights, and ensuring that industrialization succeeds quickly.
Curtailing the food supply would likely keep these countries in this sort of "industrializing limbo zone" as resources are diverted to solving the food crisis, ironically resulting in a longer period of these high birth rates.
Religious attitudes probably play a role too. I know Mormons have higher fertility rates than most Americans, and a lot of the countries topping this list are Muslim – but it's not the full story: Mormon fertility rate has fallen dramatically, and there are plenty of Muslim countries outside Africa with much lower fertility rates than these.
Bangladesh was a huge success in speeding through the fertility explosion phase. (They're still growing so fast because it takes a while for that explosion to propagate through the generations – check out their population pyramid to see what I mean.) I don't remember what they actually did, but it's probably a good model to follow.
The historical trend of the poorest areas having the highest birth rates continues into the present... and just as in the past, even significant violence or war doesn't affect it until / unless the war is so total that it pushes a country to the brink of societal collapse.
Actually high birth rates were (and technically still are I guess?) a sign of advancement in the industrial revolution, however the reason it now aligns with poor countries is because they are still in the industrializing phase which is now far behind the average of the largely industrialized world, while during the industrial revolution, Britain’s population boom was a sign of their being ahead of the curve.
Curtailing the food supply would likely keep these countries in this sort of "industrializing limbo zone" as resources are diverted to solving the food crisis, ironically resulting in a longer period of these high birth rates.
Religious attitudes probably play a role too. I know Mormons have higher fertility rates than most Americans, and a lot of the countries topping this list are Muslim – but it's not the full story: Mormon fertility rate has fallen dramatically, and there are plenty of Muslim countries outside Africa with much lower fertility rates than these.