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Brain Disorders references - Statistics
General Stats
- This quiz has been taken 18 times
- The average score is 5 of 30
Answer Stats
| hint | author | date | methods | % Correct |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MGE neurons electroplated with dominant negative ErbB4 --> largely unresponsive to cortical attractant; ErbB4 mouse mutants have fewer migrating interneurons | Flames | 2004 | Electroporation, calbindin immunohistochemistry to look at migrating interneurons | 100%
|
| alpha versus beta flupenthixol --> only alpha isomer has D2 binding activity and subsequently only alpha isomer has antipsychotic effects | Johnstone | 1978 | - | 100%
|
| Risk of schizophrenia 2.5fold higher if born in Copenhagen versus rural areas | Mortensen | 1999 | - | 100%
|
| Stimulation of VTA in rats upon lever pressing led to addiction | Olds | 1954 | electrode stimulation | 100%
|
| Optogenetic stimulation of DAergic mesolimbic neurons upon lever press--> addiction | Pascoli | 2015 | ChR2 in mice DAergic mesolimbic neurons--> laser VTA stimulation | 100%
|
| Optogenetic stimulation of cortical glutamate neurons increased ventromedial striatal neutron firing and increased OCD-like behaviour | Ahmari | 2013 | ChR2 in cortical glutamatergic neurons | 0%
|
| Increased amygdala activation in patients with PTSD when shown cues | Bremner | 1999 | PET | 0%
|
| Increased glutamine levels in anterior cingulate cortex of schizophrenic patients | Bustillo | 2014 | - | 0%
|
| Amount of current required for action potential significantly greater in shock-resistant cocaine-addicted rats; Photoactivation of ChR2 in prelimbic cortex led to increased PFC activity reducing compulsive cocaine-seeking behaviour | Chen | 2013 | Whole cell recordings of pyramidal neurons in prelimbic cortex; optogenetic photo activation of prelimbic cortex | 0%
|
| gamma2 GABA-A subunit +/- mice had decreased GABA-A receptor function and increased anxiety behaviour | Crestani | 1999 | 0%
| |
| Increased DA in NAc upon cue presentation | Day | 2007 | Pavlovian conditioning using sucrose reward in mice | 0%
|
| A GABA-A alpha3 selective agonist had anxiolytic effects without usual side effects | Dias | 2005 | 0%
| |
| Persistent increased BDNF expression in VTA, NAc associated with cue-induced cocaine craving tests | Grimm | 2003 | ELISAs | 0%
|
| Individuals with short 5-HTT allele polymorphism had increased amygdala activation | Hairiri | 2002 | BOLD fMRI | 0%
|
| Increased strength of connectivity in anterior orbitofrontal cortex and ventral caudate/NAc in individuals with OCD | Harrison | 2009 | fMRI | 0%
|
| pet1 -/- mice (pet1 important in differentiation of 5-HT neurons) have fewer serotonergic neurons, increased anxiety-like behaviour | Hendricks | 2003 | 0%
| |
| Uptake of [18F] DOPA increased in individuals with prodromal symptoms | Howes | 2009 | PET | 0%
|
| Argument that central DA role is to mediate salience: hyperdopaminergia would lead to aberrant assignment of salience | Kapur | 2003 | - | 0%
|
| Decreased NMDAR transmission in hippocampal slices with ErbB4 knockdown | Li | 2007 | CA3-CA1 pathway: RNAi ErbB4 knockdown | 0%
|
| Decreased benzodiazepine site binding in medication-free panic disorder patients | Malizia | 1998 | PET | 0%
|
| Nicotine desensitised nAChRs on GABAergic inputs more than glutamatergic inputs, and so enhances excitation of DAergic neurons | Mansvelder | 2002 | Rat brain sections with VTA, applied nicotine | 0%
|
| Nicotine increased DA release during high-frequency firing patterns, more than low-frequency--> high-freq. associated with reward | Rice | 2004 | Guinea pig NAc, cholinergic inputs desensitised with nicotine | 0%
|
| Increased dendritic length, decreased spine density in PFC, NAc of amphetamine-treated rats | Robinson | 1997 | - | 0%
|
| Greater DAergic VTA firing if the reward is higher than expected, leading to positive reinforcement and greater firing next time cue is presented; vice versa | Schultz | 1997 | Monkeys reward association task | 0%
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| Positive correlation between the potency of antipsychotics and D2 binding | Seeman | 1976 | - | 0%
|
| Decreased DA release in dorsolateral PFC of schizophrenic patients although not associated with negative symptoms | Slifstein | 2015 | PET--> amphetamine induced DA release in dorsolateral PFC | 0%
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| LTD contributes to prefrontal-stratal hyperactivity in addiction | Thomas | 2001 | - | 0%
|
| Place paradigm using optogenetics--> mice showed preference for chamber with VTA stimulation | Tsai | 2009 | Same optogenetics as Pascoli | 0%
|
| Increased D2 PET signal in dorsal striatum of cocaine addicts shown scenes of drug purchase/preparation | Volkow | 2005 | PET in dorsal striatum using 11[C] raclopride | 0%
|
| 5-HT2AR -/- mice had decreased anxiety-like behaviour | Weisstaub | 2006 | 0%
|
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