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Red State or Blue State Trait?

Try to guess whether each trait is more highly correlated with Republican States or Democratic States in the U.S.
Read comments for methodology
Quiz by Quizmaster
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Last updated: July 30, 2024
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First submittedOctober 16, 2020
Times taken43,126
Average score73.3%
Rating4.35
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1. Higher population density
Republican
Democratic
+0.52 Democratic
2. Higher rate of obesity
Republican
Democratic
+0.59 Republican
3. Higher church attendance
Republican
Democratic
+0.63 Republican
4. Higher median household income
Republican
Democratic
+0.69 Democratic
5. High income inequality
Republican
Democratic
+0.18 Democratic
6. Higher percentage of adults with a four-year college degree
Republican
Democratic
+0.77 Democratic
7. Higher incarceration rate
Republican
Democratic
+0.72 Republican
8. Higher state and local taxes as a percent of personal income
Republican
Democratic
+0.51 Democratic
9. Happier citizens (2005–2008, source)
Republican
Democratic
+0.36 Republican
10. Higher rate of homelessness
Republican
Democratic
+0.57 Democratic
11. More people moving in from other states than moving out
Republican
Democratic
+0.39 Republican
12. Higher percentage of foreign-born residents
Republican
Democratic
+0.66 Democratic
13. Higher percentage of workforce employed in agriculture
Republican
Democratic
+0.63 Republican
14. Younger average age
Republican
Democratic
+0.33 Republican
15. Most sunlight received per square meter
Republican
Democratic
+ 0.12 Republican
103 Recent Comments
+31
Level ∞
Oct 16, 2020
Methodology

First we computed how "red" or "blue" a state was by looking at the percentage of votes given to each party during the 2016 2020 Presidential election.

Then we used Excel's "correlation" function to correlate each trait with how red or blue a state was.

Correlation returns a value between -1 and 1, with 0 being completely uncorrelated.

+54
Level ∞
Oct 16, 2020
The "Younger Average Age" one is tricky! Because young people themselves tend to vote blue. But blue states have lower birth rates, and thus fewer young people. Also, keep in mind that people under 18 can't vote.
+7
Level 76
Oct 16, 2020
I thought that was probably the easiest one. Certain kind of behavior among conservatives vs. liberals seems to be pretty universal, which, in turn, influences the demographics. Not going into details, but there's plenty of info and evidence out there.
+9
Level 81
Nov 2, 2020
This was the question that probably surprised me the most
+2
Level 78
Aug 2, 2024
Also red states have lower average life expectancy which brings down the average age
+2
Level 76
Oct 16, 2020
Well, I got the two least guessed ones correct. Only the few "could be either way" cases went wrong. Don't toss coins is what we've learned here.
+10
Level 93
Oct 16, 2020
Nice quiz with some surprising results for folks who have formed distinct but apparently false impressions over time (like myself) maybe based in part on media emphases or distortions. The facts are what they are. Now we get to see all the entertaining "But, but, but . . ." comments.
+1
Level 54
Oct 16, 2020
The most surprising stat was that the Dems had the better economy, at least in my opinion because the current republican agenda has been all about economy
+25
Level ∞
Oct 16, 2020
Depends on what you mean by better economy. Democratic states have higher incomes, but greater inequality and higher unemployment. There aren't as many jobs in red states that offer the crazy $300,000+ salaries that are common at places like Google, Facebook, and Microsoft. But that doesn't help people who don't have high market value skills. All in all, some people will do better in blue states while other people will do better in red states.
+2
Level 71
Jul 31, 2024
@QM, with respect, I disagree that red states don't offer high paying jobs. It depends a lot on the state. Texas has very skilled employment in just about any sector you can name: energy, finance, medicine, tech. If you consider North Carolina a red state (some would consider it more purple), they have one of the largest tech industries outside of California as well as a lot of banking. Utah is one of the richest states in the country. Hell, even Alabama has one of the best hospitals in the nation at UAB and a bustling aerospace industry in Huntsville. Granted, you might be less lucky in Mississippi or West Virginia. It depends a lot on the state and where you live in the state (urban vs. rural). Notably, most high paying areas of red states tend to vote Democrat at higher rates than the rest of the state.
+1
Level 76
Aug 6, 2024
@JWatson24 He said "as many jobs". "As". Doesn't mean they don't exist.
+3
Level 89
Oct 16, 2020
@QM, I think it's important to note that Republican policy can have just as much of an effect in a 'blue state' as any 'red state' and vice versa. Federal policy influences the whole country and plenty of people vote the opposite of what party their state typically votes for.
+1
Level 54
Oct 16, 2020
But @Econ211, the Republican governors are more likely to make policies in their INDIVIDUAL STATES that support the president’s policies
+1
Level 89
Oct 16, 2020
@That1 Yes I know, that's why I said 'can have'. For example, there's no doubt that an economic sector like Silicon Valley (which is in a solid blue state) hasn't benefitted from laissez faire capitalism, which is more often espoused by republicans.
+1
Level 96
Oct 16, 2020
But if you're going to make the argument about federal policy it's a wash. All states are affected by federal policy.
+3
Level 93
Oct 16, 2020
And we have some winners - our first "But . . ."s instead of just enjoying the quiz.
+1
Level 54
Dec 9, 2020
Ok fine, but the blue states have more population, which inevitably leads to more poverty, which leads to inequality
+9
Level 63
Oct 16, 2020
Loved this quiz. Very interesting results, missed a few that I thought would go either way!
+3
Level 65
Oct 17, 2020
Oops, not a high score. Just shows how little I know about US demographics and politics.
+13
Level 84
Oct 17, 2020
Since I don't know much about US politics I solved it asking if the trait in question is more characteristic for an urban or rural population and then go blue for urban cause I know California votes Democrat. Ended up with 13/15.
+11
Level 64
Oct 17, 2020
Republicans are happier. And rain is wet.
+15
Level 73
Dec 13, 2022
That's funny, because they're angry at gay people, liberals, trans people, immigrants, women, reproductive rights, equal pay, minorities, colleges, and avocado toast. Doesn't sound very happy to me.
+3
Level 68
Jun 1, 2023
They're happy about their own life
+7
Level 74
Jun 6, 2024
Those are the miserable bottom decile folks who have nothing better to do. The happiness does not belong to the select few you interact with on social media. Read this again from the other side of the aisle and it still holds true.
+1
Level 71
Aug 5, 2024
Some people are happy to be angry./ Get happy from being angry. (And in general anger affects happiness much less than sadness)
+3
Level 66
Apr 15, 2024
WATER ISN'T WET
+10
Level 62
Oct 18, 2020
I've been getting Trump 2020 ads since I did this quiz...
+8
Level 62
Oct 18, 2020
And immediately after I wrote this comment, I started getting Stand with Obama ads...
+31
Level ∞
Oct 18, 2020
Both parties waste money spending money advertising to people who don't even live in the United States? Why am I not surprised.
+11
Level 90
Oct 19, 2020
I've been seeing some Trump ads telling me to wish him a happy birthday... in completely different months from his actual birthday.
+4
Level 59
Jan 5, 2021
Same as Biden with me
+7
Level 24
Oct 19, 2020
Define ‘happiness’. If access to better higher education, job opportunities and healthcare are used as metrics it’s definitely going to be in favour of the blue states.

Edit: you might want to update an 11 year old study.

+10
Level 83
Oct 20, 2020
You clearly didn't take the Happiness related quizzes posted recently. It's self reported.

I'll go out on a limb and suggest that people's self-described happiness is more related to an individual's outlook on life rather than being tied to work/wealth/healthcare.

+30
Level ∞
Oct 22, 2020
I know self-reported data should be taken with a grain of salt. After all, people lie. But, when it comes to happiness? You just have to ask people. I can imagine this now. "How can you be happy? Our data shows you have a low income, eat french fries, and haven't seen a doctor in a year". It imposes the values of the surveyor over the individual. Its deeply insulting if you think about it. If someone told me I'm not happy because of some external factor, I'd tell them where to shove it. Then I'd tell them to read some stoic philosophy. Happiness is a state of mind.
+7
Level 78
Nov 3, 2020
It is hard to compare happiness. I could imagine that a housewife from a patriarchal culture would say she is happy, because she was brought up under the notion that being committed to family equals happiness, regardless of what she really feels. The same man may consider himself happy one day and unhappy the next day, or even the next minute, based on something that happened in his life. As for myself, I would reject the question outright but maybe I'm just being philosophical. Happiness is an ambiguous concept.
+4
Level 77
Aug 4, 2024
@Quizmaster That's true as far as one person goes, but the problem comes in when you try to compare what different people self-report. They're not just giving a binary yes or no to "are you happy?", they're giving a numerical answer, which means two people with more or less the same state of mind could give different responses because they're using different internal scales to try to put a number on how happy they are.

For example, people in communities with higher rates of depression might be more aware of how low one can go, so to speak, and place a higher value on their own happiness; whereas in a more jolly community, you might construe being slightly less happy than your peers as a huge deficit. Same states of mind, different context leads to different self-reported figures.

And that's not to say that any of those people would be wrong to say they're happy or not happy, but it's not very informative to use that as data to compare different places' levels of happiness.

+2
Level 74
Oct 7, 2022
I can tell you right now, while I am very thankful for higher education, it did NOT make me happier. That might just be a social sciences thing though…
+1
Level 78
Oct 19, 2020
wow...younger average age? That seems...incorrect.
+9
Level ∞
Oct 22, 2020
It's true. A lot of blue states in the northeast are very old. But this is one of the weaker correlations on the quiz.
+10
Level 81
Nov 2, 2020
Younger voters skew Democratic. I think that's why it's counter-intuitive.
+5
Level 27
Nov 2, 2020
The misconception I too fell for was that young people lean Democratic, so it must be blue that's younger. AND, it really is true that the Democratic party is younger than the Republican party (per Pew Research Center). However, what's asked in the quiz is whether the blue states themselves are younger, which is not the case partly due to blue states' lower fertility rates.
+2
Level 74
Nov 2, 2020
Great quiz! I really like how you used the party animals. Is there enough data to add the Liberitarians or Green party in a similar quiz?
+5
Level 78
Nov 2, 2020
This is based on whether a state went "blue" or "red" (i.e., whether their electoral college votes went to the Democrats or the Republicans) in the 2016 presidential election. Since no states went to the Green party or the Libertarians, it wouldn't be possible without changing the basis of the quiz.
+17
Level 72
Nov 2, 2020
I think a lot of these differences arise from the fact that the big cities are democratic and rural areas are republican. And it's clear that for example there are more homeless people in cities, and a higher median household income. You can't conclude from this quiz that, for example, democrats can't handle the homelessness problem, or democrats make stronger economies.
+4
Level 41
Nov 2, 2020
I (from Czechia) have wrong "Higher incarceration rate" and "Younger average age".
+2
Level 81
Nov 2, 2020
not bad
+1
Level 78
Jul 31, 2024
I'm from America and those are the two that i missed. Both seemed counter-intuitive to me.
+3
Level 54
Nov 2, 2020
On nov 4th, their will be a mad rush to finish making the “states that trump won in 2020”, and the states that biden won quizzes.
+1
Level 44
Nov 3, 2020
The only answer that shocked me was the red states are young then the blue states. Everything else was either easy to know or it was something that I can see both party’s states having.
+6
Level 67
Nov 3, 2020
I feel like Americans are born and slapped on the butt with an R or a D and then go home and put in their cribs to watch a mobile of little elephants or donkeys floating above them. Branded for life as part of one of two parties. It's so engrained in all you do and not in a good way always. It seems more and more to be less about being "American" warts and all (and yes there are many warts) than being GOP or Democrat. If you google someone, you know their party affiliation and how they voted or were at least registered to vote. In Canada for example, yes people are passionately for one party over another many times but you aren't labelled as such in your daily life. You wouldn't necessarily know their political affiliation unless you knew them or asked. You couldn't necessarily tell either by where they live. We don't say that people live in a "red province" or whatever. Few places in Canada have been consistently one party over the other every time. Just observations here.
+4
Level 75
Nov 3, 2020
That doesn't apply to me. My mother was Republican and my father Democrat, as were my grandmother and grandfather who lived nearby. It's probably why I consider myself a moderate and I've voted for members of both parties as well as third parties in my voting lifetime.
+8
Level 67
Nov 3, 2020
And I feel like you are making a gross and inaccurate generalization about Americans. It is a particularly tense time here politically, so things are exacerbated. But if you look at Mississippi, maybe the "reddest" state in the Union, 40% of its votes in 2016 went to Hillary Clinton. In Massachusetts, maybe the "bluest" state, 33% of votes went to Trump. And people's allegiances change over time. Many conservatives are voting for Biden this time around. Last time around, many former Democrats (especially in unions) switched to Trump. Moreover, a Republican in Manhattan very likely has different priorities than a Republican in rural Arkansas does. The two parties themselves contain many factions and varying political beliefs. Bernie Sanders and Joe Biden differ considerably on many issues. As do Mitt Romney and Donald Trump. Americans can think just fine, thank you. We don't get assigned a letter at birth and never revisit the issue.
+7
Level 78
Nov 3, 2020
To most of us foreigners, the United States looks like a crazy reality show as the news don't show the daily lives of Americans and the last few years have been especially polarizing. So many people here believe that the average American is a racist, gun-wielding, uneducated Trump fan. We don't like to be stereotyped by Americans, but so much of what we "know" about America is stereotypes.
+2
Level 67
Nov 3, 2020
I know there is a spectrum beliefs in terms of Dems and GOP but still states are labelled as "red" or "blue" states and that doesn't change as often as it does in Canada, as an example. My point is that here in Canada we would never label a Province as "red" or "blue" or "orange" because it is not nearly as frequently the same colour two elections in a row. That's really all I meant. You couldn't make this quiz about Canada cause the answers would change every few years more so than they would in America. My assumptions are logical and justifiable based on what we see on American TV and in the media and Americans I know personally and even in Jet Punk quizzes!
+4
Level 73
Nov 4, 2020
Basing your assumptions off of American TV and the media is probably not the wisest thing to do.
+2
Level 78
Nov 4, 2020
TravelingMama, shouldn't that have been clear from my comment?
+2
Level 78
Nov 3, 2020
I observe a similar polarization in Germany, although to a lesser degree because our "Trumpists" hover at around 10% of the vote. But everything tends to be politicized nowadays and the us vs. them attitude is getting stronger.
+2
Level 57
Apr 21, 2021
The more I see the more I think Europeans (and I include myself in this) don't really understand what Trumpism is at all or why it has become popular.
+1
Level 56
Jun 17, 2022
I’m American and neither do I.
+2
Level 66
Sep 2, 2022
Well, you can look at Hungary for a comparison.
+1
Level 54
Jul 31, 2024
15% now (second strongest party)
+3
Level 81
Nov 3, 2020
I've been independent and without party affiliation my whole life.
+2
Level 22
Nov 4, 2020
I admit I am biased but alot of the gloomy answers were Democrats.
+5
Level 71
Nov 5, 2020
Look at how poorly the liberals on this site did! I hope it's an introspective moment for them.
+10
Level 69
Nov 8, 2020
From a non-american, its so easy to see by looking at the comments here why you will never get along lol. stop making politics your identities and maybe you will shoot and run over each other less
+10
Level ∞
Jul 31, 2024
As an American I agree. We should stop hating each other and go back to hating arrogant Belgians who believe dumb stereotypes about Americans and love mimes.
+2
Level 57
Apr 21, 2021
Interesting how the weight of guesses is very much "good = Democrat", except in the singular case of homelessness: 72% of people have expected Democrat-run states to have higher levels of homelessness. Knowing next to nothing about American politics, I wonder why that would be.
+1
Level 54
Jan 10, 2022
I got three questions wrong becuase I mistook them as gotcha questions.

Don't quite understand only 15% got the one about average age correctly. Rural Red states have quite high birth rates.

+2
Level 76
Apr 5, 2022
The median income question is very deceiving because the Republican party is known to have the richer people but going by the median eliminates the richest which are often republicans and the poorest which are often democrats. Republicans do have a higher average household income. You can look at the income section in this article for more information.
+5
Level 74
Oct 7, 2022
At least in my experience, any demographic data about the United States tends to prefer median income over average income because of the massive income inequality here. While not perfect, it seems to me that it's considered "a more accurate representation" of a demographic to use median income, because that will genuinely be closer to the average person's experience than the mean income will be (as the mean invariably gets superinflated by the existence of millionaires and billionaires).
+2
Level 74
Dec 3, 2022
Missed the homelessness question, as I equated it to general poverty.
+1
Level 61
Mar 31, 2023
Fantastic quiz, thank you!
+1
Level 85
Jul 30, 2024
What changed with today's update?
+1
Level ∞
Jul 31, 2024
Lots of things. For one, we updated to use 2020 election data instead of 2016 data.

We also removed a question about Covid which no longer made sense. At the time of the original quiz (October 2020) the blue states had a lot more Covid deaths. This was due to New York having an early outbreak and a handful of blue state governors making some boneheaded decisions about nursing homes.

In 2024, it's impossible to say whether red states or blue states had more Covid deaths. Red states are have more obesity and vaccine hesitancy. But blue states are older, which is by far the most important risk factor. Most importantly, I don't think high-quality data exists.

+1
Level 79
Jul 31, 2024
It's kinda amusing how much discourse this generates despite virtually none of the correlation coefficients being particularly strong. Like education, incarceration, and income are the only ones at or above 0.69. Some aren't even above 0.2.
+2
Level ∞
Jul 31, 2024
Really? I think that these are pretty strong correlations.
+1
Level 79
Aug 1, 2024
From what I know about correlation coefficients, these are not very strong, especially with a small sample size of 50. And I believe outliers strongly affect r values, so there could be a few states skewing things. Most of the discussion seems to be attempting to draw causal links between correlated things, which is certainly interesting but I take it with a grain of salt.
+2
Level 77
Aug 4, 2024
these might be "strong" correlations in the sense that they're statistically significant, but in some of these cases the actual effect size is pretty weak; for example 5) and 15) which are both less than 0.2, and as a general rule of thumb in statistics we consider that low effect size.

I've seen that "strong" can kind of refer to both measures in general usage, and that can lead to confusion in cases like this

+1
Level 62
Aug 11, 2024
lies, damn lies and statistics.
+1
Level 79
Aug 13, 2024
Are they statistically significant? My stats knowledge is basic but I thought significance was based on a different value/calculation. Effect size is the term I was looking for though! Most of these correlations seem quite weak in that sense, let alone having strong causal ties.
+1
Level 27
Jul 31, 2024
I like the idea but at the same time it pushes the narrative of "Red" and "Blue" state that ultimately incentivize people to not vote, under the assumption that their vote doesn't matter.

You could have simply worded the title differently.

+2
Level 91
Jul 31, 2024
If you break it down further to county level political affiliation some of these answers would change
+1
Level 91
Jul 31, 2024
I am unsurprised by nearly any of these, but I admit to having to guess at the last one. Sunlight received per square meter seems like it should be pretty much identical from state to state, with the exception of differences due to latitude (Alaska in winter, for instance). While all of the other 14 questions might get you to thinking about the values of your average red-stater or blue-stater, I struggle to conceive of how party affiliation might affect the sun... or vice versa, I suppose. Just spitballing here, but was this the replacement for the COVID question from last time?
+1
Level 73
Jul 31, 2024
I find it interesting how people don't think about the inequality. My general rule was urban = democratic, and figured that the inequality would be larger in urban settings since that's where the richest are while still containing poorer people.

I was very surprised by the average age (along with most people it would seem), since I would expect cities to attract a younger population but maybe retired people also live here more or maybe the fact that people live longer in these states accounts for it? I would love to see some more in-depth analysis of this if there are some interesting reasons for this counter-intuitive fact.

Great quiz, really eye-opening for some of the questions.

+5
Level 72
Jul 31, 2024
QM wants this quiz to get people to examine their biases and then there is me, a non-american who got 13/15 just by going with the stereotypes. So, yeah.. this quiz pretty much confirmed all my biases, sorry QM.

(I only missed the average age and more people moving in than out - the first makes sense when you think about it, the second is imo very surprising.)

+1
Level 53
Aug 2, 2024
I got 12. On all of those I got wrong I first went with the correct answers, before going against my gut and trying to reason with myself that the one I chose was right. The youngest age one really got me because in general, younger people tend to vote blue, but then I realize that republicans, in general, tend to have higher birth rates and people under 18 can’t vote.
+3
Level 90
Aug 2, 2024
Everyone's talking about what makes a state red or blue, when I'm pretty sure the most prominent color in every state is actually green.
+1
Level 66
Aug 2, 2024
It's more of Yellow here in Texas.
+1
Level 54
Aug 3, 2024
Probably white in Alaska
+1
Level 62
Aug 2, 2024
I know almost nothing about American politics so I decided to choose Republicans in every question, free 1 point
+2
Level 47
Aug 2, 2024
I'm surprised more people move into Republican states than out. Where I live, people tend to move out of rural areas into cities. And Republican states are generally rural, so I got tricked. 14/15
+1
Level 66
Aug 2, 2024
Read my lips: Taxes.
+1
Level 66
Aug 5, 2024
I think a big part of this is post-Covid a lot of people have been moving away from states like California and New York to states like Texas and Florida due to less taxes and the ability to work remotely with the same companies in their previous states. But a lot of these people are moving to places like Austin, Dallas, Tampa, etc. which are still urban (like you said), but just so happen to be in a "red state".
+1
Level 66
Aug 2, 2024
Politics. The most civilized form of war.
+1
Level 76
Aug 4, 2024
Well, the only alternative is dictatorship. Choose your poison.
+1
Level 68
Aug 2, 2024
10/15 - not bad for a non-American.
+2
Level 65
Aug 2, 2024
Not exactly stereotypes but it's not random:

1. Democrats are city-based

2. Democrats have higher income -> eat less fast food

3. Republicans are less city-based -> smaller communities -> social gatherings such as church play a more significant role

4. Democrats have higher income

5. Democrats higher income -> more income inequality

6. Democrats are more educated

7. Democrats higher income, better education -> viable alternatives to support themselves and family

8. Democrats higher income (and city-based) -> pay higher taxes

9. The President in 2005-2008 was Republican.

10. Democrats city-based -> higher unemployment -> higher homelessness

11. Democrats city-based -> more immigration -> more people to move out, less space to move in

12. Democrats city-based -> more immigration

13. Republicans less city-based -> more agriculture

14. Democrats city-based -> more immigration -> more adults, less children

15. Republicans are less city-based -> more agriculture -> more need for sunlight.

+2
Level 55
Aug 3, 2024
Haha I got 14/15 correct on the first try. I guess I know my country pretty well :)
+2
Level 55
Aug 4, 2024
The happiest state question should have its source updated, basically all happiest state rankings for 2023-2024 show blue states rank much higher than red ones. It doesn't make sense to have one question randomly be about 2005-2008.
+1
Level ∞
Aug 4, 2024
If you had posted any of these rankings (of which you imply there are several) I might consider it depending on the quality of the data.

But ranking which is used is remarkable for both the extremely large sample size and for directly asking people how happy they are.

+2
Level 76
Aug 4, 2024
There may or may not be a more recent, high-quality survey, but that doesn't mean that one you are using is still accurate. It certainly seems questionable to apply it to data from the 2020 election after all that happened in those intervening years.

I suspect asking that question in Obama's second term would give a different result than asking it in Bush's second. Add Trump into the mix with all of his grievance politics and who knows what comes out?

If bad data is what you're trying to avoid, I'm not sure how the choice here solves the problem.

+1
Level 48
Aug 4, 2024
13/15... I'm not even American lol
+1
Level 79
Aug 6, 2024
Got the three least-guessed answers wrong (happier citizens, income inequality, average age)