I wouldn't really call the National Gallery of Art in Washington DC famous. Should replace that answer simply with the Smithsonian. I know it's a group of museums, but, still would be better.
I wasn't aware that National Gallery of Art in D.C. is not really famous. Because to me, its collections of the art of the Renaissance and of later periods can only be matched in USA by the Met.
If you're looking to internationalise the list a bit, might I recommend MASP in Sao Paulo, the National Palace Museum in Taipei and, although it might stretch the definition of 'gallery' a bit, the 798 Art District in Beijing.
-Van Gogh museum (Amsterdam)
-Guggenheim (New York)
-Guggenheim (Bilbao)
-MoMa (New York)
-Galleria Accademia (Florence, the original David is stalled over here(
-Centre Pompidou (Paris)
-Tate Modern
-British Museum
-Dali Museum (Figueres)
-Akropolis Museum (Athens, but maybe you don’t recognize that as an art-museum)
Guggenheim museum (New York) wasn’t as good as the hype suggested. The building is spectacular, but the work inside was a little lacklustre.