Phylogeny Terms

Name the term that corresponds to the definition.

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Last updated: April 28, 2021

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First submitted	April 28, 2021
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Definition/description	Answer
Diagram that depicts the genealogic relationships between taxa as hypothesized by a particular investigator or group of investigators	Phylogenetic tree
Group composed of an ancestor and all its descendants; none of its descendants are excluded; AKA clade	Monophyletic
Groups that consist of a common ancestor but not all descendants of that ancestor	Paraphyletic
Group with two or more ancestors, but not including the true common ancestor of its members	Polyphyletic
Structures that a common origin but not are not necessarily a common function are...	Homologous
Other structures which have a similar superficial appearance and function are...	Analogous

Definition/description	Answer
Comparable selective forces, acting on organisms in similar habitats but different parts of the world	Convergent Evolution
Widely used method of classifying organisms	Cladistics
Character states that arose in the common ancestor of the group and are present in all its members	Synapomorphies
Taxon that's closest related to but not a member of the study group under investigation	Outgroup
Provides a graphical representation of a working model; result of cladistic analysis	Cladogram
Principle that states a cladogram should be constructed in the simples, most efficient, and least complicated way. Principle of ______	Parsimony

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