Keep scrolling down for answers and more stats ...
Hint
Answer
Insects/mammals/birds/etc. Eat essential plant parts
Herbivores
Organisms that use toxins, cell wall degrading enzymes, or some other mechanisms to feed off a plant and promote their own growth
Pathogens
Defense against herbivory. Mechanical. Modified leaf
Spine
Defense against herbivory. Mechanical. Modified stem
Thorn
Defense against herbivory. Mechanical. Outgrowth of epidermis
Prickle
Hint
Answer
Defense against herbivory. Can be secondary metabolites, harm/kill herbivores, or taste bad
Toxins
Defense against pathogen. Proteins on plasma membrane detect molecules on pathogens. Cause low level, non specific reactions. Might trigger HR and SAR reactions
Basal Defenses
Cells around infection die to limit spread. Also known as apoptosis
Hypersensitive Reactions
Produce antimicrobial chemicals, still produced post-infection. Helps the plant "remember" pathogen. Can be airborne and spread to surrounding plants.
Systemic Acquired Resistance
Small RNA molecules block translation of viral proteins