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HUMAN PERFORMANCE 040
P55
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Last updated: October 3, 2022
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| First submitted | October 3, 2022 |
| Times taken | 234 |
| Average score | 42.8% | Report this quiz | Report |
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1.
Which of the following goes through the capillaries thin walls?
Water.
✓
Proteins.
✓
Gases.
✓
Red blood cells.
✓
2.
The ability of a pilot to withstand even moderate forces can be affected by:
Presbycusis.
✓
Fatigue in the pilot.
✓
The maximum load limits of the aircraft.
✓
All of the above.
✓
3.
It is generally accepted that the short-term memory can hold how many items
and how long?
4 items for 15 seconds.
✓
15 items for 1-5 minutes.
✓
7 items for 10-20 seconds.
✓
7 items for 5-10 minutes.
✓
4.
The condition whereby the body does not get enough oxygen to function
correctly is known as:
Hyperventilation.
✓
Hypotension.
✓
Hyperglycemia.
✓
Hypoxia.
✓
5.
You have planned to take a couple of friends on an air experience flight. On the
day, the weather conditions are marginal and there is a strong cross-wind on the
runway. As a competent assessor of risk, which of the following decisions
should you take?
Ask your friends if they are prepared to fly in the prevailing conditions, before assessing the situation yourself.
✓
Get airborne as planned, as it is always wise to stick to your flight plan if you possibly can.
✓
Proceed with the flight and treat it as an opportunity to practice flying in adverse conditions.
✓
Reschedule the flight for another time, discounting the immediate disappointment to your friends.
✓
6.
Pilots are more subject to spatial disorientation if:
They ignore the sensations of muscles and inner ear.
✓
They ignore all the body signals.
✓
Eyes are moved often in the process of cross-checking the flight instruments.
✓
Body signals are used to interpret flight attitude.
✓
7.
Which part of the nervous system usually controls breathing?
The Autonomic Nervous System.
✓
All answers are correct.
✓
The Central Nervous System.
✓
The Peripheral Nervous System.
✓
8.
Which of the following should a pilot primarily rely on if he becomes
disorientated in instrument meteorological conditions?
The aircraft's instruments.
✓
His sense of balance.
✓
His sense of sight.
✓
Turning the head to recover from disorientation.
✓
9.
Consistent adherence to approved checklists is a sign of:
Pilot with the lack of stress management.
✓
Low-time pilot.
✓
Pilot who lacks the required knowledge.
✓
Disciplined and competent pilot.
✓
10.
As captain of an aircraft you will need to show good leadership skills. Which of
the following is not one such skill?
The art of delegation.
✓
Forward planning.
✓
Maintaining good situational awareness.
✓
Aggressive assertiveness.
✓
11.
Complete the following statement. The most appropriate time for a pilot to give
passengers an initial briefing on emergency procedures is:
During a pre-flight safety briefing.
✓
Just after take-off.
✓
While waiting at the hold for take-off.
✓
At the moment any emergency occurs; it is not necessary to worry them before that.
✓
12.
The vestibular apparatus detects ____ acceleration:
Angular.
✓
Positive "g".
✓
Angular and linear.
✓
Linear.
✓
13.
Complete the following statement. If, as an inexperienced pilot, you are flying
with someone of much greater experience, and you see him doing something
you consider to be dangerous, you should:
Ignore the situation because he obviously knows what he is doing.
✓
Do nothing for the moment, but check the wisdom and correctness of his action by discussing it with an instructor after you have landed.
✓
Immediately question his course of action.
✓
Wait until the action or manoeuvre is completed, and then questions him.
✓
14.
After donating blood, what is the minimum time a pilot should wait before flying?
24 hours.
✓
48 hours.
✓
12 hours.
✓
2 hours.
✓
15.
Which will always affect your ability to fly?
Antibiotics.
✓
Homeopathic drugs.
✓
Strong prescription analgesics and antihistamines.
✓
Over-the-counter analgesics and antihistamines.
✓
16.
If an aircraft accelerates, what do the otoliths indicate to the brain?
That the aircraft is turning.
✓
That the aircraft is climbing and turning.
✓
That the aircraft is pitching down.
✓
That the aircraft is pitching up.
✓
17.
When can a pilot experience the "leans"?
In the climb.
✓
In the climb or the descent.
✓
In the descent.
✓
In all flight conditions.
✓
18.
What is one effect smoking has on a pilot?
Creates additional carbon dioxide gases in the body which often leads to hyperventilation.
✓
Decreases night vision by 50 percent.
✓
Increases body heat which, in turn, creates a demand for more oxygen.
✓
An increased sense of well-being.
✓
19.
You are suffering from a cold with slightly blocked nose and sinuses and you
have an aircraft booked to fly. Should you:
Fly, but be sure to select only low rates of climb and descent?
✓
Not fly?
✓
Take a decongestant 1/2 an hour before flight?
✓
Fly as normal?
✓
20.
Repeating information several times transfer it to long-term memory is called:
Memory induction.
✓
Prompting.
✓
Rehearsing.
✓
Chunking.
✓
21.
Prior to starting each maneuver, pilots should:
Announce their intentions on the nearest CTAF.
✓
Check altitude, airspeed, and heading indications.
✓
Visually scan the entire area for collision avoidance.
✓
Always ask clearance from the tower.
✓
22.
A likely symptom, or likely symptoms, of Hypoxia might be:
Formication.
✓
Increased heart rate.
✓
Cyanosis.
✓
All answers are correct.
✓
23.
A false perception characterised by a distortion of real sensory stimuli is known
as:
Boredom response.
✓
Hallucination.
✓
Day-dreaming.
✓
Mirage.
✓
24.
In the aeronautical decision making (ADM) process, what is the first step in
neutralizing a hazardous attitude?
Recognizing hazardous thoughts.
✓
Making a rational judgment.
✓
Minimize the damages.
✓
Recognizing the invulnerability of the situation.
✓
25.
A pilot should not fly for at least how long after a local anesthetic?
12 hours.
✓
24 hours.
✓
2 hours.
✓
48 hours.
✓
26.
An analogue display is generally better than a digital display for showing which
sort of data?
Numerical.
✓
Quantitative.
✓
Qualitative.
✓
Subjective.
✓
27.
Empty Field Myopia is a condition where the eyes naturally focus at a distance of
approximately:
1 - 2 meters.
✓
Infinity.
✓
20 - 500 meters.
✓
At the horizon.
✓
28.
If a pilot is used to flying in relatively polluted hazy air and then flies in a very
clear sky:
Near objects may appear further away than they are.
✓
Distant objects may appear further away than they are.
✓
Near objects may be mistaken for those further away.
✓
Distant objects may appear closer than they are.
✓
29.
Two pilots, both seated at the controls and qualified on type, have just
commenced a flight when they experience an engine failure. Who should take
control of the aircraft?
The pilot who, during the pre-flight briefing on emergencies, the captain agreed should take over control in such a situation.
✓
The more experienced of the two.
✓
The pilot in the left-hand seat.
✓
The captain.
✓
30.
Who has the final responsibility whether a pilot is fit to fly for a particular flight,
even though he or she holds a current medical certificate?
The FA-1.
✓
The pilot.
✓
The medical examiner.
✓
The ATC.
✓
31.
The most effective technique to use for detecting other aircraft at night is:
Turn the head and sweep the eyes rapidly over the entire visible region.
✓
To avoid staring directly at the point where another aircraft is suspected to be flying.
✓
Avoid scanning the region below the horizon so as to avoid the effect on ground light on the eyes.
✓
Look at far away and scan slowly.
✓
32.
The amount of light entering the eye is controlled by the:
Retina.
✓
Cornea.
✓
Lens.
✓
Pupil.
✓
33.
Color-blindness or, more accurately, color-defective vision, is caused by:
Defective functioning of the ciliary muscles.
✓
A foreshortened eyeball.
✓
A defect in the structure of the color-sensitive cones in the retina.
✓
A defect in the lens tissue of the eye.
✓
34.
The power of accommodation in an eye:
Is not affected by the degree of elasticity of the lens.
✓
Is decreased as the elasticity of the lens decreases.
✓
Is increased as the elasticity of the lens decreases.
✓
Has nothing to do with the lens.
✓
35.
What is the most effective way to use the eyes during night flight?
Concentrate directly on each object for a few seconds.
✓
Look only at far away, dim lights.
✓
Increase intensity of interior lighting.
✓
Scan slowly to permit off-center viewing.
✓
36.
Where is the blind spot?
On the edge of the Lens.
✓
On the Fovea.
✓
Where the optic nerve enters the Retina.
✓
On the Iris.
✓
37.
High blood pressure, heart diseases and diabetes are related to:
Anorexia nervosa.
✓
Lack of oxygen.
✓
Obesity.
✓
Cholera.
✓
38.
Susceptibility to carbon monoxide poisoning increases as:
Airspeed increases.
✓
Altitude decreases.
✓
Altitude increases.
✓
Air pressure increases.
✓
39.
Approximately how long does it take a person to dissipate one unit of alcohol
from the blood?
12 hours.
✓
5 hours.
✓
1/2 hour.
✓
2 hours.
✓
40.
If a pilot is approaching a runway much larger than that at his home airfield, what
is his visual perception of the runway likely to be?
A different approach path should be adopted.
✓
The runway will appear further away than it actually is.
✓
Distances will be easy to judge.
✓
The runway will appear closer than it actually is.
✓
41.
At altitude the pressure of oxygen in the atmosphere is:
Lower than at MSL.
✓
Higher than at MSL.
✓
Unaffected, as partial pressure is independent of altitude.
✓
The same as at mean sea level (MSL).
✓
42.
In order to see a sharp image of an oncoming aircraft which has been detected
by the eye, a pilot should:
Commence a systematic scan of the airspace in front of him.
✓
Look to one side of the oncoming aircraft.
✓
Look directly at the oncoming aircraft.
✓
Blink several times to make the image clearer.
✓
43.
To avoid missing important steps, always use the:
Pilot's manual book.
✓
Placarded airspeeds.
✓
Appropriate checklists.
✓
Airworthiness certificate.
✓
44.
What effect does haze have on the ability to see traffic or terrain features during
flight?
All traffic or terrain features appear to be closer than their actual distance.
✓
All traffic or terrain features appear to be farther away than their actual distance.
✓
The eyes tend to overwork in haze and do not detect relative movement easily.
✓
Haze causes the eyes to focus at infinity.
✓
45.
Hypermetropia is caused by a ____ eyeball and treated by a ____ whereas
Myopia is caused by a ____ eyeball and treated with_____.
Lengthened / concave / shortened / convex.
✓
Lengthened / convex / shortened / concave.
✓
Shortened / concave / lengthened / convex.
✓
Shortened / convex / lengthened / concave.
✓
46.
Carbon monoxide is:
Tasteless and grey gas
✓
Crucial for humans
✓
Odorless, tasteless and colorless gas
✓
Stinging smelling, colorless gas
✓
47.
Which gas, which is absorbed by the body during normal breathing, plays an
important role in decompression sickness?
Carbon Dioxide.
✓
Carbon Monoxide.
✓
Oxygen.
✓
Nitrogen.
✓
48.
Which statement concerning hypoxia is true?
Forcing oneself to concentrate on the flight instruments will help to overcome the effects of hypoxia.
✓
Hypoxia is caused by nitrogen bubbles in the joints and bloodstream.
✓
Tingling of the skin and a false sense of security may be symptoms of hypoxia.
✓
Hypoxia is always easy to recognize.
✓
49.
A state of temporary confusion resulting from misleading information being sent
to the brain by various sensory organs is defined as:
Hypoxia
✓
Hyperventilation
✓
Spatial disorientation.
✓
Monochromatism
✓
50.
What is the component of the eye responsible for peripheral vision and sensitive
to low light levels?
The Rods.
✓
The Cones.
✓
The Retina.
✓
The Fovea.
✓
51.
Which of the following cases can be described as "a sudden incapasitaon"?
Engine failure in critical flight phase
✓
Pilot is not able to take actions during a flight
✓
Rapidly developing abnormal aircraft attitude
✓
Appendicitis
✓
52.
What causes blue lips?
Lack of oxygen.
✓
Hyperventilation.
✓
Carbon monoxide intoxication.
✓
Positive G-forces.
✓
53.
In the International Standard Atmosphere (ISA), as altitude increases in the
troposphere, air density:
Will not be affected as air density is independent of altitude.
✓
Decreases.
✓
Stays the same.
✓
Also increases.
✓
54.
Rapid or extra deep breathing while using oxygen can cause a condition known
as:
Hyperventilation.
✓
Aerotitis.
✓
Aerosinusitis.
✓
Hypoxia.
✓
55.
What is the antidote when a pilot has a hazardous attitude, such as
"impulsivity"?
Not so fast, think first.
✓
Do it quickly to get it over with.
✓
I don't care.
✓
It could happen to me.
✓
56.
What is the purpose of the Eustachian tube?
To pass sound waves across the middle ear to the auditory nerve.
✓
To allow ambient pressure to equalise on the middle ear side of the ear drum.
✓
To allow ambient pressure to equalise on both sides of the vestibular apparatus.
✓
To allow ambient pressure to equalise on both sides of the ear drum.
✓
57.
Which of the following gases regulate the rate and depth of breathing, depending
on the levels at which the gas is present in the blood?
Oxygen.
✓
Carbon Dioxide.
✓
Carbon Monoxide.
✓
Nitrogen.
✓
58.
Which of the following should a pilot primarily rely on if he becomes
disorientated in Visual Meteorological Conditions?
The aircraft's instruments.
✓
His sense of balance.
✓
His sense of sight.
✓
Turning the head to recover from disorientation.
✓
59.
Dark adaptation is impaired by exposure to:
Vitamin A in the diet.
✓
Cabin pressure altitudes above 5,000 feet.
✓
Nitrogen.
✓
Carbon dioxide.
✓
60.
How much air pressure has dropped when climbing to 18 000 feet?
50%
✓
80%
✓
10%
✓
25%
✓
61.
What is noise induced hearing loss?
Loss of hearing due to damage to the cochlea.
✓
Loss of hearing due to damage to the middle ear.
✓
Loss of hearing due to damage to the ossicles.
✓
Loss of hearing due to damage to the vestibular apparatus.
✓
62.
Hypermetropia and Myopia are normally caused by:
Badly fitting spectacles.
✓
Stress.
✓
A misshaped eye ball.
✓
Eye strain.
✓
63.
Which procedure is recommended to prevent or overcome spatial
disorientation?
Reduce head and eye movements to the greatest extend possible
✓
Rely entirely on the indications of the flight instruments.
✓
Avoid steep turns and rough control movements.
✓
Systematically focus on different segments of the sky for short intervals.
✓
64.
For the pilot of an aircraft on a head-on collision course with a fast-moving jet,
the image of the approaching jet will appear to grow in size in the following
manner:
Rapidly initially, and then remain at a constant size until impact.
✓
At a constant rate.
✓
Very rapidly at first but then continue to grow at a constant rate.
✓
Only slowly at first until just before impact when the image would grow in size very rapidly.
✓
65.
As a pilot, flying for long periods in hot summer temperatures increases the
susceptibility of dehydration since the:
Temperature decreases with altitude.
✓
Dry air at altitude tends to increase the rate of water loss from the body.
✓
Moist air at altitude helps retain the body's moisture.
✓
Temperature increases with altitude
✓
66.
If taking a course of drugs, is it advisable to pilot an aircraft?
Yes, provided that they are antibiotics, as these do not have side-effects.
✓
Yes, provided that the drug is non-prescription.
✓
No, you should never fly while taking any drugs.
✓
No, unless cleared by an Aviation Medicine Specialist.
✓
67.
The body gets energy from:
Minerals, carbohydrates and vitamins.
✓
Carbohydrates, proteins and fats.
✓
Minerals and vitamins.
✓
Proteins and vitamins.
✓
68.
The outer, middle and inner ear are filled with:
Air, air, and liquid, respectively.
✓
Liquid, air, and air, respectively.
✓
Air, liquid, and liquid, respectively.
✓
Liquid, liquid, and air, respectively.
✓
69.
The effects of Hypoxia can be increased by:
Increased altitude.
✓
All answers are correct.
✓
Alcohol.
✓
Increased temperature.
✓
70.
Blood pressure may be too high due to:
Smoking.
✓
All answers are correct.
✓
Stress.
✓
Age.
✓
71.
Large accumulations of carbon monoxide in the human body result in:
Hyperventilation.
✓
Tightness across the forehead.
✓
Loss of muscular power.
✓
An increased sense of well-being.
✓
72.
If the atmospheric pressure decreases, the partial pressure of the oxygen in the
atmosphere will:
Stay the same.
✓
Increase.
✓
Decrease.
✓
Not be affected as it is independent of atmospheric pressure.
✓
73.
Air in the atmosphere is made up of:
Nitrogen (21%), Oxygen (0.03%), Carbon Dioxide (78%) and Argon (1%).
✓
Nitrogen (1%), Oxygen (78%), Carbon Dioxide (21%) and Argon (0.03%).
✓
Nitrogen (78 %), Oxygen (21%), Carbon Dioxide (0.03%) and Argon (1%).
✓
Nitrogen (78%), Oxygen (21%), Carbon Dioxide (0.03%) and Hydrogen (1%).
✓
74.
Which of the following may cause fainting?
All of the above.
✓
A sudden shock.
✓
A too rapid eye scan.
✓
Over meticulous flight planning.
✓
75.
On what does the causes of noise induced hearing loss depend?
The duration of the noise above 110 dbs.
✓
Both the intensity and duration of the noise above 90 dbs.
✓
Both the intensity and duration of the noise above 100 dbs.
✓
The duration of the noise above 100 dbs.
✓
76.
In an unpressurised aircraft, at high altitudes the amount of oxygen that diffuses
across the lung membranes into the blood is:
Increased because of the high partial pressure of oxygen.
✓
Unchanged to that at sea level.
✓
Decreased because of the lower temperatures.
✓
Decreased because of the low partial pressure of oxygen.
✓
77.
While flying, the changes in outside air pressure can cause air trapped in the
body cavities to expand and contract. This is known as Otic Barotrauma and it
most likely to effect:
The sinuses.
✓
All of the above.
✓
The middle ear.
✓
The teeth.
✓
78.
Risk management, as a part of aeronautical decision making ADM process, relies
on which features to reduce the risk associated with each flight?
Application of stress management and risk element procedures.
✓
All answers are correct.
✓
The mental process of analyzing all information in a particular situation and making a timely decision on what action to take.
✓
Situational awareness, problem recognition, and good judgment.
✓
79.
Compared to a non-smoker, someone who smokes is likely to experience the
effects of hypoxia at:
The same altitude.
✓
A higher altitude.
✓
Any altitude.
✓
A lower altitude.
✓
80.
The most important controller of breathing is:
Breathing rate
✓
Nitrogen
✓
Oxygen
✓
Carbon dioxide
✓
81.
Flying when suffering from flu symptoms:
Heals flu symptoms quickly
✓
Weakens night vision
✓
May cause illusions when making turns
✓
Increases tendency to suffer from blocked ears
✓
82.
In the international standard atmosphere (ISA), as altitude increases in the
Troposphere, pressure:
Will not be affected as pressure is independent of altitude.
✓
Decreases.
✓
Also increases.
✓
Stays the same.
✓
83.
The best preventative actions to take if someone is showing symptoms of
Stroboscopic Effect is to:
Sit the person in a sunny area.
✓
Place the person in the shade and get them to close their eyes.
✓
Give him a task to distract him.
✓
Take no action, as the symptoms last for a short time only.
✓
84.
Being badly overweight increases a pilot's susceptibility to which of the
following conditions?
Hypothermia
✓
Heart attack.
✓
All of the above.
✓
Hypoxia at higher altitudes.
✓
85.
Which technique should a pilot use to scan for traffic to the right and left during
straight-and-level flight?
Look at far away and scan slowly.
✓
Systematically focus on different segments of the sky for short intervals.
✓
Concentrate on relative movement detected in the peripheral vision area.
✓
Continuous sweeping of the windshield from right to left.
✓
86.
One of the main contributory factors to the onset of motion sickness is:
Stalling.
✓
Rolling quickly into turns
✓
The mismatch between visual and vestibular sensory inputs.
✓
Performing high g maneuvers.
✓
87.
Learning to fly can be stressful because the student pilot is in situation without a
fully control. The most likely symptom of stress is:
Rough handling of the aircraft and general confusion.
✓
Sleepiness, the rise of smoking and drinking.
✓
The sense of hunger, sleepiness and optical illusions.
✓
Nervousness, muscle tension and attention issues.
✓
88.
Which statement best defines hypoxia?
An abnormal increase in the volume of air breathed.
✓
A condition of gas bubble formation around the joints or muscles.
✓
A state of oxygen deficiency in the body.
✓
An abnormal decrease in the volume of air breathed.
✓
89.
What is the antidote when a pilot has the hazardous attitude of "invulnerability"?
It could happen to me.
✓
It will not happen to me.
✓
I don't care.
✓
It can not be that bad.
✓
90.
If a pilot experiences spatial disorientation during flight in a restricted visibility
condition, the best way to overcome the effect is to:
Consciously slow the breathing rate until symptoms clear and then resume normal.
✓
Increase breathing rate.
✓
Concentrate on yaw, pitch, and roll sensations.
✓
Rely upon the aircraft instrument indications.
✓
91.
A pilot should not fly for at least how long after a general anesthetic?
2 hours.
✓
12 hours.
✓
48 hours.
✓
24 hours.
✓
92.
The International Standard Atmosphere (ISA) sea-level pressure is equal to:
1013.25 mb.
✓
50 inches of mercury.
✓
1014.00 mb.
✓
1014.25 Hpa.
✓
93.
If an individual has gone scuba diving which has required a controlled ascent
and will be flying to cabin pressure altitudes of 8,000 feet or less, the
recommended waiting time is at least:
48 hours.
✓
12 hours.
✓
4 hours.
✓
24 hours.
✓
94.
When a person is experiencing stress or fear, adrenaline is released into the
blood stream causing immediate:
Decrease in the pulse-rate.
✓
Loss of consciousness.
✓
Fatigue.
✓
Increase in the pulse-rate.
✓
95.
To lessen the danger of collision with an aircraft which might be in a pilot's blind
spot and closing on a constant relative bearing, the pilot should:
Change heading by a few degrees every 10 minutes or so.
✓
Carry out a systematic look out at all times.
✓
Carry out periodic clearing turns.
✓
Roll the aircraft from right to left by a few degrees every 10 minutes or so.
✓
96.
The three-needle type altimeter used in many light aircraft is:
a) Easy to mis-read.
b) Hardly ever mis-read.
c) Accurate and reliable.
d) Not very accurate or reliable.
Only b).
✓
Only a).
✓
a) and c).
✓
b) and d).
✓
97.
Mental Overload usually:
Causes changes in the speed and accuracy of performance which vary from individual to individual.
✓
Leads to better performance.
✓
Has no effect on performance.
✓
Leads to degraded performance.
✓
98.
The frequency band that a healthy young person can hear is:
500 - 15.000 cycles per second.
✓
70 - 15.000 cycles per second.
✓
80 - 20.000 cycles per second.
✓
20 - 20.000 cycles per second.
✓
99.
Presbycusis is an impairment of hearing due to:
Damage to the semi-circular canals.
✓
Smoking.
✓
Damage to the cochlea.
✓
Age.
✓
100.
Accommodation is the power of the lens to focus rays of light from near objects
onto the Fovea. Accommodation is controlled by:
The Rods and Cones.
✓
The Retina.
✓
The Iris.
✓
The Ciliary muscles.
✓
101.
Which organ controls all other bodily functions?
The spinal cord.
✓
The brain.
✓
The lungs.
✓
The heart.
✓
102.
Which of the following attitudes and/or characteristics are not good
communication and especially dangerous when flying?
Arrogance and aggressiveness.
✓
A highly developed sense of leadership.
✓
Respect for other peoples' opinions.
✓
All of the above.
✓
103.
"Error" is a generic term which describes all those occasions when a series of
mental or physical activities do not achieve their intended effect. Now, complete
the following statement. Errors:
Are isolated with no further consequence or influence.
✓
Are always part of the error chain.
✓
Are cumulative, one error leads to a second, which leads to a third etc.
✓
May be isolated or cumulative.
✓
104.
What preparation should a pilot make to adapt the eyes for night flying?
Avoid bright white lights at least 30 minutes before the flight.
✓
Avoid red lights at least 30 minutes before the flight.
✓
Stay in the dark room at least 60 minutes before the flight.
✓
Wear sunglasses after sunset until ready for flight.
✓
105.
At night it is easier to focus on an object if you:
Look directly at it while holding your eyes open as wide as you can.
✓
Look about 50 degrees either side of it.
✓
Look directly at it.
✓
Look slightly to one side of it.
✓
106.
From the options below, choose the correct sequence of the various stages of
the reasoning process.
Detection, Perception, Decisions taken, Action, Feedback.
✓
Detection, Perception, Decisions taken, Feedback, Action.
✓
Perception, Action, Feedback, Detection, Decisions taken.
✓
Detection, Feedback, Decisions taken, Action, Perception.
✓
107.
When flying solo, a pilot who suspects he is suffering from spatial disorientation
should:
Believe the indications of his instruments.
✓
Swallow hard, pinch the nostrils and blow down the nose to clear the Eustachian tube.
✓
Blink rapidly several times.
✓
Believe his somatosensory senses.
✓
108.
At altitude, the volumetric proportion of oxygen in the atmosphere is:
Lower than at MSL.
✓
Dependent on the actual altitude.
✓
The same as at mean sea level (MSL).
✓
Higher than at MSL.
✓
109.
The danger of spatial disorientation during flight in poor visual conditions may
be reduced by:
Systematically focus on different segments of the sky for short intervals.
✓
Having faith in the instruments rather than taking a chance on the sensory organs.
✓
Shifting the eyes quickly between the exterior visual field and the instrument panel.
✓
Leaning the body in the opposite direction of the motion of the aircraft.
✓
110.
Complete the following sentence. If your Eustachian tube is blocked and you
cannot clear your ears, you should:
Ground yourself until the condition causing the blocking of the Eustachian tube has cleared up.
✓
Fly only as a passenger.
✓
Proceed with your flight but ensure that you swallow hard frequently.
✓
Clear your nose with a nasal inhaler before flying.
✓
111.
One aid in increasing night vision effectiveness would be to:
Force the eyes to view off center.
✓
Look at far away.
✓
Look directly at objects.
✓
Increase intensity of interior lighting.
✓
112.
Which body system is responsible for distributing oxygen around the body?
The Oxidation System.
✓
The Circulatory System.
✓
The Respiratory System.
✓
The Nervous System.
✓
113.
What are Stress Factors or Stressors?
Circumstances or events which provoke any kind of reaction to the demands placed upon the human organism.
✓
Pulse-rate inducers.
✓
Measures of stress exhibited by a person.
✓
Events and circumstances which cause stress.
✓
114.
Which of the following are ways to help avoid stress in the cockpit?
Not allowing yourself to be rushed into acting before you are ready.
✓
Modifying your pre-flight plan whenever you feel you are off-track or behind time.
✓
All of the above.
✓
Having a cool drink at hand, at all times.
✓
115.
Hyperventilation results from:
Excess carbon dioxide in the body.
✓
Breathing too rapidly causing a lack of oxygen.
✓
A lack of carbon dioxide in the body.
✓
Flying too high without supplemental oxygen.
✓
116.
Hazardous attitudes occur to every pilot to some degree at some time. What are
some of these hazardous attitudes?
Antiauthority, impulsivity, macho, resignation, and invulnerability.
✓
All answers are correct.
✓
Poor risk management and lack of stress management.
✓
Poor situational awareness, snap judgments, and lack of a decision making process.
✓
117.
Which of the following gases is related to decompression sickness?
Hydrogen.
✓
Carbon dioxide.
✓
Nitrogen.
✓
Oxygen.
✓
118.
An illusion, that an aircraft is at a higher altitude than it actually is, is produced
by:
Atmospheric haze.
✓
Downsloping terrain.
✓
Wide runway.
✓
Upsloping terrain.
✓
119.
A pilot should be able to overcome the symptoms or avoid future occurrences of
hyperventilation by:
Increasing the breathing rate in order to increase lung ventilation.
✓
Slowing the breathing rate, breathing into a bag, or talking aloud.
✓
Closely monitoring the flight instruments to control the airplane.
✓
Speeding up the breathing rate.
✓
120.
The positive three-step process in the exchange of flight controls between pilots
includes these
verbal steps: (a) You have the flight controls, (b) I have the flight controls, and c)
____.
I have the aircraft.
✓
You have the flight controls.
✓
I have the flight controls.
✓
I have the aircraft and the flight controls.
✓
121.
Which of the following carries oxygen throughout the body?
Red blood cells (erythrocytes).
✓
White blood cells (leucocytes).
✓
Water.
✓
Plasma.
✓
122.
In which part of the eye is visual acuity at its highest?
The Retina.
✓
The Cornea.
✓
The Fovea.
✓
The Pupil.
✓
123.
Which of the following occur when a pilot is sitting too high in a cockpit?
a. Good downward outside view.
b. Poor view of instruments.
c. Upwards outside view obstructed.
Only a).
✓
a) and b) only.
✓
a), b) and c).
✓
a) and c) only.
✓
124.
In red blood cells oxygen attracts to:
Hemoglobin
✓
Carbon dioxide
✓
Hematocrit
✓
Carbon monoxide
✓
125.
Carbon monoxide in an aircraft cabin is:
Easily recognizable because of its peculiar odor.
✓
Easily recognizable because of its peculiar color.
✓
Difficult to recognize because of its odorless and colorless.
✓
Easier to recognize when flying over 18,000 feet because the level of the oxygen decreases.
✓
126.
The blood carries ____ around the body and removes ____ from the body with
the exchange occurring in the ____.
Carbon Dioxide / Oxygen / Capillaries.
✓
Oxygen / Carbon Dioxide / Capillaries.
✓
Oxygen / Carbon Dioxide / Arteries.
✓
Carbon / Dioxide / Oxygen Veins.
✓
127.
What is the antidote when a pilot has a hazardous attitude, such as
"Antiauthority"?
Rules do not apply in this situation.
✓
I know what I am doing
✓
Follow the rules.
✓
I don't care.
✓
128.
Which of the following organs of the body supplies the single most dependable
source of sensory information?
The Nose.
✓
The Neo-cortex.
✓
The Ear.
✓
The Eye.
✓
129.
Which statement is true regarding alcohol in the human system?
Small amount of alcohol will improve activity.
✓
Alcohol renders a pilot more susceptible to hypoxia.
✓
Small amounts of alcohol will not impair flying skills.
✓
Coffee helps metabolize alcohol and alleviates a hangover.
✓
130.
Enter into the following statement the most correct pair of gases from the
options below. Hemoglobin in red blood cells is more readily attracted to ____
than ____.
Oxygen / Nitrogen.
✓
Carbon Dioxide / Nitrogen.
✓
Carbon Monoxide / Oxygen.
✓
Nitrogen / Oxygen.
✓
131.
Which would most likely result in hyperventilation?
Emotional tension, anxiety, or fear.
✓
An extremely slow rate of breathing and insufficient oxygen.
✓
The excessive consumption of alcohol.
✓
Chain smoking.
✓
132.
Good briefings are very important. Which of the following could be the result of a
bad briefing?
Increased uncertainty.
✓
Decreased uncertainty.
✓
Good transfer of knowledge.
✓
Good understanding of information.
✓
133.
Motion sickness is caused by:
The eyes working on to allocate the horizon when an aircraft is in constant movement.
✓
Continued stimulation of the tiny portion of the inner ear which controls sense of balance.
✓
Instability in the brain cells which affect balance and will generally be overcome with experience.
✓
The movement of an aircraft causing the stomach to create an acid substance which causes the stomach lining to contract.
✓
134.
Which of the following statements is true?
Even small amounts of alcohol may decline evaluation ability.
✓
Alcohol improves the visual acuity.
✓
Increasing the altitude reduces alcohols harmful effects.
✓
A human body burns alcohol faster if you drink coffee at the same time.
✓
135.
The best method to use when looking for other traffic at night is to:
Scan the visual field very rapidly.
✓
Look to the side of the object and scan slowly.
✓
Avoid scanning the region below the horizon so as to avoid the effect on ground light on the eyes.
✓
Look to the side of the object and scan rapidly.
✓
136.
A rapid acceleration can create the illusion of being in a:
Left turn.
✓
Nose down attitude.
✓
Nose up attitude.
✓
Tailspin.
✓
137.
Which occurs when climbing above 18,000 feet in an unpressurized aircraft
without supplemental oxygen?
Gases trapped in the body contract and prevent nitrogen from escaping the bloodstream.
✓
The oxygen pressure within the lungs cannot be maintained without an increase in inhaled oxygen pressure.
✓
The oxygen pressure within the lungs remains the same.
✓
The pressure in the middle ear becomes less than the atmospheric pressure in the cabin.
✓
138.
When making a decision, will a pilot be influenced by previous experience?
Yes, past experience can play a part in decision-making.
✓
Yes, but only if the experience was bad.
✓
No, each decision is unrelated.
✓
Yes, but only if the experience is good.
✓
139.
What causes conductive deafness?
Damage to the pinna.
✓
Damage to the ossicles or the eardrum.
✓
Damage to the outer ear.
✓
Damage to the middle ear.
✓
140.
What is the one common factor which affects most preventable accidents?
Structural failure.
✓
Opponents error.
✓
Human error.
✓
Mechanical malfunction.
✓
141.
What suggestion could you make to your pilot fellow who is experiencing motion
sickness?
Lower her/his head, shut her/his eyes, and take deep breaths.
✓
Avoid unnecessary head movement and to keep her/his eyes on a point outside the aircraft.
✓
Recommend taking medication to prevent motion sickness.
✓
Recommend breathing into the paper bag.
✓
142.
A likely symptom, or likely symptoms, of Hypoxia might be:
Impaired judgment.
✓
All answers are correct.
✓
Unconsciousness.
✓
Tingling fingers and toes.
✓
143.
You are preparing for a training flight with an instructor and cannot find your
checklist. You should:
Take time to find the checklist at the risk of missing part of your airborne time.
✓
Perform the checks from memory.
✓
Use a checklist for a different aircraft type.
✓
Rely on the instructor to point out anything that you might have missed.
✓
144.
You are taking a friend flying and are cruising at 6,000 ft. Your passenger begins
suffering from a tingling sensation, dizziness and visual disorders and then
becomes unconscious. Your passenger is probably suffering from:
Hyperventilation.
✓
Angina.
✓
Food poisoning.
✓
Hypoxia.
✓
145.
Gas exchange takes place in the:
Aorta
✓
Pulmonary artery
✓
Bronchus
✓
Alveoli
✓
146.
What is the most important sense for spatial orientation?
Hearing and balance.
✓
"Seat of the pants".
✓
All senses play their part in situation awareness.
✓
Sight.
✓
147.
Which of the following will give the illusion that the aircraft is too low during an
approach?
An up-sloping runway.
✓
A down-sloping runway.
✓
A narrower than normal runway.
✓
A brightly lit aerodrome in an otherwise dark area.
✓
148.
Brain cells that have been deprived of oxygen will start to die in:
2 hours.
✓
2 minutes.
✓
30 minutes.
✓
2 seconds.
✓
149.
Dark adaptation takes about ____ for the Rods, and ____ for the Cones.
30 minutes / 7 minutes.
✓
15 minutes / 20 minutes.
✓
25 minutes / 45 minutes.
✓
7 minutes / 30 minutes.
✓
150.
During a climb to 18,000 ft, the percentage of oxygen in the atmosphere:
Remains the same.
✓
Increases.
✓
Explodes.
✓
Decreases.
✓
151.
Loudness is measured in:
Cycle per second.
✓
Hertz.
✓
Decibels.
✓
Pascal ́s.
✓
152.
During straight and level flight any pronounced linear acceleration may produce
sensation of the nose pitching up. In such a situation, the pilot should:
Correct the pitching movement by moving the control column slightly forward.
✓
Rely on information from the vestibular apparatus to maintain orientation.
✓
Rely on his "seat of the pants" feeling to make any necessary correction.
✓
Ignore vestibular information and believe what the instruments are indicating.
✓
153.
When compared to visual stimuli, auditory stimuli (noises) are:
Less likely to attract attention and more likely to be responded to in error.
✓
More likely to attract attention and more likely to be responded to in error.
✓
More likely to attract at tention and less likely to be responded to in error.
✓
Less likely to attract attention and less likely to be responded to in error.
✓
154.
Hypoxia is the result of:
Excessive nitrogen in the bloodstream.
✓
Insufficient oxygen in the air.
✓
Shortage of oxygen in the body.
✓
All answers are correct.
✓
155.
If advice is needed concerning possible flight with an illness, a pilot should
contact:
The nearest hospital.
✓
An Aviation Medical Examiner.
✓
Their family doctor.
✓
The general practitioner.
✓
156.
Where human's sence of balance is located?
In hypophysis
✓
In the inner ear
✓
In "seat of the pants" and lower limbs
✓
In the middle ear
✓
157.
Which of the following are terms generally used to describe a type or types of
memory within the subject of Human Performance and Limitations?
Long-term memory.
✓
All of them.
✓
Sensitive memory.
✓
Felicitous memory.
✓
158.
Above what altitude do pilots need to breath supplementary oxygen?
2,000 ft.
✓
10,000 ft.
✓
20,000 ft.
✓
8,000 ft.
✓
159.
In the International Standard Atmosphere (ISA), as altitude increases in the
Troposphere, temperature:
Stays the same.
✓
Also increases.
✓
Will not be affected as it is independent of altitude.
✓
Decreases.
✓
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