1.
What is the angle of inclination of the Earth's axis to its orbital plane?
2.
The meridian passing through Greenwich is known as?
3.
A Rhumb Line is?
A line on the surface of the Earth whose centre and radius are those of the Earth
✓
A regularly curved line on the Earth's surface which cuts all parallels of Latitude at the same angle.
✓
A regularly curved line on the Earth's surface which cuts all meridians at the same angle.
✓
A line showing True north.
✓
4.
Variation is the angle between:
True north and the nearest line of Longitude.
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Magnetic north and the aircraft's True heading.
✓
Magnetic north and the aircraft's Magnetic heading.
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True north and Magnetic north.
✓
5.
An isogonal is a line joining points of:
Zero magnetic variation.
✓
Equal magnetic deviation.
✓
Equal magnetic variation
✓
Zero magnetic deviation
✓
6.
Which points on the Earth's surface determine the Earth's axis?
North and south magnetic pole.
✓
North geographic pole and north magnetic pole.
✓
North and south geographic pole.
✓
7.
The circumference of the Earth along the Equator is:
8.
The Earth's diameter, when compared to the Earth' axis, is:
9.
Which of the following statements, regarding rotation of the Earth around the
Sun, is correct? The Earth:
Encircles the Sun in one year.
✓
Does not circle around the Sun because it is stationary with the Sun circling around it.
✓
Encircles the Sun in one day.
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Encircles the Sun one time during summer and one time during winter.
✓
10.
The Earth's globe rotates:
Around its axis in the direction from the east to the west.
✓
Around its axis in the direction from the west to the east.
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Together with the Sun in the direction from the east to the west.
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Around so called Sun's tropic.
✓
11.
The orbit of the Earth is:
12.
What is the cause of the seasons?
A shape of the Earth's orbit.
✓
The tilt of the Earth's axis.
✓
Irregular movement of the Earth around the Sun.
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Uneven temperatures in space.
✓
13.
The shortest distance between two points on the Earth's globe is called:
14.
The equator is the Great Circle which plane:
Divides the Earth's globe into the east and west hemisphere.
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Divides the Earth's globe into the westerly and easterly hemisphere.
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Is parallel to the Earth's axis.
✓
Divides the Earth's globe into the north and south hemisphere.
✓
15.
How many Great Circles (orthodroms) can be determined on the Earth's surface?
16.
The Great Circle on the Earth's globe is the cross-section of the Earth's surface
and the plane passing through:
The center of the Earth and is always oblique to the Earth's axis.
✓
The center of the Earth and is always rectangular to the Earth's axis.
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The center of the Earth and is tilt to the Earth's axis at any angle.
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Any two points on the Earth's surface; the cross-section with the Earth's surface is the shortest distance between these points.
✓
17.
Which of the following circles on the Earth's globe does not have the center at
the Earth's center?
18.
What is the characteristic of the Rhumb Line?
It is the Great Circle.
✓
It is the shortest distance between two points on the Earth's globe.
✓
It cuts meridians under constant angle.
✓
It cuts meridians under various angles.
✓
19.
Which circles, forming the graticule, are at the same time Great Circles and
Rhumb Lines?
Parallel of latitude only.
✓
20.
The Sun travels across the sky an arc of 5° in:
21.
What time is needed for the Sun's azimuth to change by 27 arc degrees?
22.
The Co-ordinated Universal Time (UTC) is:
The time on the longitude 0 degrees.
✓
23.
13:00 accordingly to the Finnish Summer Time is:
24.
An aircraft over Helsinki is headed exactly to the south. It is 1200 UTC. What is
the Relative bearing of the Sun?
Left of the aircraft's nose.
✓
May be left or right of the aircraft's nose, with regard to the season.
✓
Right of the aircraft's nose.
✓
25.
The geographic latitude is the distance of a point on the Earth's surface from the:
Equator, measured in statute miles.
✓
Prime Meridian, measured in arc degrees.
✓
Equator, measured in arc degrees.
✓
Prime Meridian, measured in geographic miles.
✓
26.
What is the latitude of a point on the Equator?
27.
What is the difference between the latitude of the point A and the point B, which
are located on following parallels of latitude:
A: 15° 54' 30" N
B: 10° 33' 30" S
28.
Determine the latitude of the point B, located 240 NM north of the point A with
the latitude 62° 33' 00" N.
29.
The distance between the parallel of latitude 10°N and the parallel of latitude
11°N, measured along the meridian, is:
30.
For this question use appendix LAPL/PPL 060-01-2015.
The geographical coordinates of the compulsory reporting point MINNE is:
N 62° 46' 48" and E 021° 32' 43" .
✓
N 62° 56' 48" and E 021° 32' 43" .
✓
N 62° 56' 48" and W 021° 32' 43" .
✓
N 60° 56' 48" and E 021° 32' 43" .
✓
31.
For this question use appendix LAPL/PPL 060-01-2015.
The geographical coordinates of the compulsory reporting point TERVA is:
N 63° 59' 33" and E 022° 05' 11" .
✓
S 62° 59' 33" and E 022° 05' 11" .
✓
N 62° 59' 33" and E 022° 05' 11" .
✓
N 62° 59' 33" and E 021° 05' 11" .
✓
32.
For this question use appendix LAPL/PPL 060-01-2015.
The geographical coordinates of the compulsory reporting point VASSO is?
N 63° 09' 28" and E 021° 58' 40" .
✓
N 63° 09' 28" and E 022° 58' 40" .
✓
N 62° 09' 28" and E 021° 58' 40" .
✓
E 63° 09' 28" and N 021° 58' 39" .
✓
33.
For this question use appendix LAPL/PPL 060-01-2015.
What compulsory reporting point is the most convenient to use when
approaching EFVA on radial 220?
34.
For this question use appendix LAPL/PPL 060-01-2015.
What compulsory reporting point is the most convenient to use when
approaching EFVA on radial 100?
35.
For this question use appendix LAPL/PPL 060-01-2015.
What compulsory reporting point is the most convenient to use when
approaching EFVA on radial 030?
36.
The distance of 1 NM is equivalent to:
The distance of one arc minute on a Meridian.
✓
The perimeter of a Polar Circle.
✓
Exactly the 40-thousandth part of the Earth's perimeter.
✓
The distance between a Meridian and the pole.
✓
37.
The distance of 1 NM equals to:
38.
The formula for a quick calculation from kilometres to nautical miles is:
39.
Approximately how many kilometres are in 70 nautical miles?
40.
The distance of 1 statute mile is equal to:
41.
How many kilometres are in 50 SM (statute miles)?
Little less than 75 km.
✓
42.
On a chart, 6 cm represents the distance 15 km. What is the scale of the chart?
43.
The scale of the chart is 1:500 000. How many centimetres represents the
distance 105km?
44.
For this question use appendix LAPL/PPL 060-01-2015.
What is the scale of the chart?
45.
The scale of the chart is 1:300 000. How many centimetres represents the
distance 54km?
46.
The scale of the chart is 1:300 000. How many centimetres represents the
distance 210km?
47.
The scale of the chart is 1:500 000. How many centimetres represents the
distance 100 NM?
48.
The distance between the points ALFA and BRAVO is 107 NM. If an aircraft
covers first 16 NM in 10 minutes, what time does it take to travel the entire route
ALFA-BRAVO with the same groundspeed?
49.
How far will an aircraft travel with 32 gal of usable fuel with fuel consumption 7,1
gal/h at the groundspeed 108 kts? (Allow 1-hour final reserve fuel)
50.
How far will an aircraft travel with 27 gal of usable fuel with fuel consumption 6,8
gal/h at the groundspeed 93 kts? (Allow 6-gallons final reserve fuel)
51.
How many gallons of usable fuel should be on board of an aircraft for a distance
flight of 300 NM at the groundspeed 120 kts and average fuel consumption 7,3
gal/h? (Allow 1-hour fuel reserve).
52.
A distance in meters could be converted to feet using the formula:
53.
An altitude 1 500 meters is approximately:
54.
On a chart we read the obstacle altitude 275 meters. Regarding the rule of height
clearance 1.000 feet over obstacles, what is the lowest altitude for overflying the
obstacle?
55.
Altitude 6.000 ft is approximately:
56.
Approximately what QNH pressure corresponds to the QFE pressure 1000 hPa
on an airfield with the elevation 200 meters?
57.
What does a measuring unit knot used in aviation mean?
58.
The wind velocity of 10 m/sec approximately equals to:
59.
Wind velocity 5 kts is approximately:
All answers are correct.
✓
60.
A velocity 120 km/h, expressed in knots, is:
61.
If a vertical speed indicator of a towing airplane shows 500 ft/min, the
approximately aerotow's rate-of-climb in meters-per-second is:
62.
What is the ground speed (GS) of an aircraft, covering in 40 minutes the
distance, that represents 10.8 cm on an 1:500 000 chart?
63.
An aircraft would cover a 120 km distance in no wind condition in 2 hours and 40
minutes, however in actual meteo conditions the flight lasted 3 hours and 5
minutes. What was the wind component along track?
64.
The distance of the route from the point X to the point Y via the control point Z is
84 km. If an aircraft covers the first segment X-Z (35 km) in 50 minutes, what will
be the total time of flight between the points X and Y?
65.
How far will an aircraft travel in 2 minutes and 30 seconds with a groundspeed of
98 knots?
66.
100 kg is how many pounds?
67.
90 pounds is how many kilograms?
68.
25 US gallons is how many liters?
69.
What is the meaning of the term "drift angle" in navigation?
The difference between an angle under wind blows to the vector of an actual true air speed and a direction of an aircraft's longitudinal axis.
✓
The difference between a direction of the true air speed of an aircraft and a desired track.
✓
The angle between an aircraft's longitudinal axis and an actual path.
✓
The difference between a magnetic course and a wind direction.
✓
70.
A Wind Correction Angle is the angle difference between:
True heading and desired true course.
✓
Desired true and desired magnetic course.
✓
Magnetic and compass heading in no wind condition.
✓
True and magnetic heading.
✓
71.
Which azimuth corresponds to the general direction WNW?
72.
Which parameter is included in the reckoning of a magnetic course?
73.
The angle between a direction toward geographic north and a direction toward
magnetic north is called:
Convergency of meridians.
✓
74.
The magnetic variation value of a given point on the Earth's surface can be
obtained by:
Referring to the isogonic lines on aeronautical charts.
✓
Calculating the difference between magnetic and compass heading.
✓
Referring to the table of magnetic variation in the cockpit.
✓
Calculating the angular difference between the meridian of a given point and the Greenwich meridian.
✓
75.
Lines on geographical charts joining points of equal magnetic variation, are
called:
76.
Lines on geographical charts joining points of a zero magnetic variation, are
called:
77.
When calculating magnetic direction from a given true direction, westerly
variation should be:
78.
Magnetic course is calculated using the equation:
True course plus/minus compass deviation.
✓
True course plus/minus magnetic variation.
✓
True heading plus/minus magnetic variation.
✓
Magnetic heading plus/minus compass deviation.
✓
79.
Magnetic heading is:
True course plus/minus deviation
✓
True heading plus/minus variation
✓
Magnetic course plus/minus deviation.
✓
True course plus/minus variation.
✓
80.
Is it possible for a desired true track, true heading and actual true track to have
the same value?
This is possible only when flying in north or south direction.
✓
Yes, because these values are always equal.
✓
81.
To use an VHF/DF facilities for assistance in location an aircraft's position, the
aircraft must have a:
VHF transmitter and receiver.
✓
82.
An NDB normally transmits on which frequency band?
83.
As shown by ADF A, the relative bearing TO the station is: (see LAPL/PPL 060-
05):
84.
As shown by ADF B, the relative bearing TO the station is: (see LAPL/PPL 060-
05):
85.
As shown by ADF L, the relative bearing TO the station is: (see LAPL/PPL 060-
06):
86.
As shown by ADF E, the relative bearing TO the station is: (see LAPL/PPL 060-
06):
87.
As shown by ADF F, the relative bearing TO the station is: (see LAPL/PPL 060-
06):
88.
As shown by ADF G, the relative bearing TO the station is: (see LAPL/PPL 060-
06):
89.
As shown by ADF A, the magnetic bearing TO the station is: (see LAPL/PPL 060-
05):
90.
If receiving ADF indication B, what magnetic heading should the aircraft be
turned to fly directly to the NDB station? (see LAPL/PPL 060-05)
91.
If receiving ADF indication B, what approximate magnetic heading should the
aircraft be turned to intercept the 180° bearing TO the station? (see LAPL/PPL
060-05)
92.
If an ADF indicator in the cockpit corresponds to the figure C, the magnetic
bearing FROM the station is: (see LAPL/PPL 060-05)
93.
Which of the figures corresponds to an ADF indicator of an aircraft, flying TO the
station with a right crosswind? (see LAPL/PPL 060-05)
94.
What is the magnetic bearing FROM the station of an aircraft with an ADF
indication, depicted in figure A? (see LAPL/PPL 060-05)
95.
On a magnetic heading of 320° and with an ADF indication as figure H, the
magnetic bearing TO the station is: (see LAPL/PPL 060-06)
96.
On a magnetic heading of 035° and with an ADF indication as figure I, the
magnetic bearing TO the station is: (see LAPL/PPL 060-06)
97.
On a magnetic heading of 120° and with an ADF indication as figure J, the
magnetic bearing TO the station is: (see LAPL/PPL 060-06)
98.
If the magnetic bearing of an aircraft TO the station is 240°, what is the magnetic
heading if the ADF indicator corresponds to the figure J? (see LAPL/PPL 060-06)
99.
If the magnetic bearing of an aircraft TO the station is 030°, what is the magnetic
heading if the ADF indicator corresponds to the figure K? (see LAPL/PPL 060-06)
100.
If the magnetic bearing of an aircraft TO the station is 135°, what is the magnetic
heading if the ADF indicator corresponds to the figure L? (see LAPL/PPL 060-06)
102.
When using a VOR for navigation, station passage is indicated:
By the first complete reversal of the TO-FROM indicator.
✓
When the OFF flag appears.
✓
When the first full-scale deflection of the CDI.
✓
When the TO-FROM flag begins to flicker.
✓
103.
Which situation would result in reverse sensing of a VOR receiver?
Setting the OBS to a bearing that is 90° from the bearing on which the aircraft is located.
✓
Selecting an ILS frequency in the VOR-receiver.
✓
Flying a heading that is reciprocal to the bearing selected on the OBS.
✓
Failing to change the OBS from the selected inbound course to the outbound course after passing the station.
✓
104.
To track outbound on the 180 radial of a VOR station, the recommended
procedure is to set the OBS to:
180° and make heading corrections away from the CDI needle.
✓
180° and make heading corrections toward the CDI needle.
✓
360° and make heading corrections away from the CDI needle.
✓
360° and make heading corrections toward the CDI needle.
✓
105.
To track inbound on the 215 radial of a VOR station, the recommended
procedure is to set the OBS to:
035° and make heading corrections away from the CDI needle.
✓
035° and make heading corrections toward the CDI needle.
✓
215° and make heading corrections away from the CDI needle.
✓
215° and make heading corrections toward the CDI needle.
✓
106.
With a VOR/ILS receiver set to a VOR frequency, how many degrees does full
deflection of a CDI to one side represent?
107.
An aircraft 60 miles from a VOR station has a CDI indication one-fifth deflection,
this represents a course centerline deviation of approximately:
108.
Which aircraft(s) correspond(s) to the VOR indicator V? (see LAPL/PPL 060-07)
109.
Which airplane(s) correspond(s) to the VOR indicator X? (see LAPL/PPL 060-07)
110.
Which airplane(s) correspond(s) to the VOR indicator U? (see LAPL/PPL 060-07)
111.
Which presentation of a VOR indicator corresponds to airplanes 8? (see
LAPL/PPL 060-07)
112.
Which presentation of a VOR indicator corresponds to airplanes 5 and 7? (see
LAPL/PPL 060-07)
113.
Which of the following statements, regarding a DME operation, is correct?
DME can only show distance to the station set as the active frequency in the receiver.
✓
When flying directly above the DME facility, the pilot reads on the DME indicator in the cockpit a zero distance.
✓
The frequency of a DME receiver in the aircraft is being adjusted automatically when we set a VOR or ILS frequency.
✓
If we move the DME switch in the cockpit to HOLD, all readings are reset to zero.
✓
114.
Which distance is displayed by a DME indicator?
Slant-range distance in statute miles.
✓
The distance from the aircraft to a point at the same altitude directly above the DME ground facility.
✓
Slant-range distance in nautical miles.
✓
The horizontal distance along ground from the aircraft to the DME station.
✓
115.
What is the DME reading if an aircraft is directly over a VOR/DME station at the
altitude of 6.000 ft AGL?
116.
The slant-range error of a DME is greatest at:
Low altitudes directly over the facility.
✓
High altitudes directly over the facility.
✓
High altitudes and high range from the facility.
✓
Low altitudes and high range from the facility
✓
117.
See appendix LAPL/PPL 060-02-2015.
Altitudes and elevations are in?
118.
Waypoints data in a GPS database (with the exception of users waypoints) could
be updated by:
A pilot on ground only, when the device is stationary.
✓
A Part-145 licenced maintenance facility only.
✓
A pilot, however when in-flight only.
✓
A respective software house only.
✓
119.
A CDI deviation needle on the GPS electronic screen in the cockpit shows a
deviation from the desired track in:
Arc degrees or distance units, depends on pilot's discretion.
✓
120.
When working with a GPS one must know that:
It is necessary to type in manually geographic coordinates of the aircraft's parking position.
✓
It is necessary to type in manually geographic coordinates of the aircraft's starting point.
✓
The device is able to determine navigational parameters relative only to those fixes, which are in a theoretical sight of view.
✓
The information of the device is purely directional and it should not be used as primary radio navigation equipment.
✓
121.
Which velocity is measured in principle by every GPS instrument?
122.
Meridians:
Are parallel to each other
✓
Are right-angled with parallel of latitudes.
✓
Creates squares with parallel of latitudes.
✓
Are either northern or southern.
✓
123.
The scale of the chart is 1:500 000. How many centimeters represents the
distance 5km?
124.
In Helsinki-Malmi (EFHF) runway 18 is in use, wind 210° / 20 kts.
What is the crosswind component?
125.
It's 01.51 on Christmas Eve in Finland, what is the Co-ordinated Universal Time
(UTC)?
126.
True course is 055°, wind 310° / 25 kts, variation 6 °W and aircraft is flying with a
true airspeed of 113 kts.
What is the magnetic heading?
127.
True course is 040°, wind 310° / 25 kts, variation 6 °W and aircraft is flying with a
true airspeed of 113 kts.
What is the ground speed?
128.
Which of the following geographic coordinates is incorrect?
129.
True course is 125°, wind 010° / 25 kts, true airspeed 95 kts and variation 5 °E.
What are the magnetic heading and the ground speed?
130.
A velocity 37 km/h, expressed in knots, is:
131.
What is the total flight time when aircrafts ground speed is 106 kts and the
distance is 216 NM?
132.
It's 02.30 in the summer in Finland, what is the Co-ordinated Universal Time
(UTC)?
133.
In degrees South-East is:
134.
Which of the following is incorrect?
135.
Finland is located between:
60 and 70 degrees eastern longitude
✓
50 and 60 degrees eastern longitude
✓
60 and 70 degrees northern latitude.
✓
50 and 60 degrees northern latitude.
✓
136.
How many degrees does the Earth rotate in 24 hours?
137.
A velocity 100 mph is approximately:
138.
What colour represents fields on the aviation chart?
139.
Magnetic heading consists of:
Wind correction angle and deviation.
✓
True course and variation.
✓
True course, wind correction angle and variation.
✓
Wind correction angle and variation.
✓
140.
What does the letter P means on the aviation chart?
141.
TAS is 80 kts, the wind correction angle is +19° and headwind component is 20
kts.
What is the ground speed?
142.
TC 180°, TAS 80 kts, wind 090° / 15 kts, variation 8°E.
What is the wind correction angle?
143.
TC 260°, TAS 90 kts, wind 360° / 25 kts, variation 8°E.
What is the ground speed?
144.
TC 120°, TAS 75 kts, wind 140° / 10 kts, variation 8°E.
What is the magnetic course?
There is no correct answer.
✓
145.
Compass error caused by metal structure of an aircraft is called:
146.
The original symbol of eastern variation is:
on the western hemisphere -
✓
on the eastern hemisphere -
✓
147.
The original symbol of eastern deviation is:
on the eastern hemisphere -
✓
on the western hemisphere -
✓
148.
The original symbol of western variation is:
on the western hemisphere +
✓
on the eastern hemisphere +
✓
149.
You place your metal sunglasses on top of instrument panel (next to standby
compass). What will you notice?
Compass indication changes with several degrees
✓
Artificial horizon is not stable
✓
Frequency changes in your radio
✓
There is a loud noise in your radio
✓
150.
Inclination means:
Horizontal component of the earth's magnetic field
✓
Angle between true track and compass direction
✓
Vertical component of the earth's magnetic field
✓
Angle between true track and magnetic track
✓
151.
It's June and you are flying straight course from Kuopio to Tampere. In which
bearing is the sun?
Aprox 45° on the left side of nose
✓
Aprox 90° on the left side of nose
✓
Aprox 30° on the right side of nose
✓
152.
It's June and you are flying straight course from Pori to Lappeenranta. At what
time the sun is straight behind you?
153.
Considering watching the Earth straight above north pole, the earth appears to
rotate:
Full cycle clockwise in aprox. 12 hours
✓
Full cycle anticlockwise in aprox. 24 hours
✓
Full cycle clockwise in aprox. 12 hours
✓
Full cycle anticlockwise in aprox. 12 hours
✓
154.
As intended in flight rules, night begins when:
The upper edge ot the Sun is 12° below the horizon
✓
Centre of the Sun's disc is 6° below the horizon
✓
The upper edge ot the Sun is 12° below the horizon
✓
Centre of the Sun's disc is 18° below the horizon
✓
155.
Civil twilight ends when:
Centre of the Sun's disc is 6° below the horizon
✓
Centre of the Sun's disc is 6° above the horizon
✓
Centre of the Sun's disc is 18° below the horizon
✓
Centre of the Sun's disc is 12° below the horizon
✓
156.
Morning civil twilight ends when:
Centre of the Sun's disc is 6° below the horizon
✓
Centre of the Sun's disc is 12° below the horizon
✓
The upper edge ot the Sun is 6° below the horizon
✓
157.
What the is maximum latitudinal value:
158.
Greatest longitudinal value can be:
159.
One degree of an arc corresponds to:
160.
During summer solstice the sun is:
At the tropic of Capricorn
✓
At the tropic of Cancer
✓
161.
During winter solstice the sun is:
At the tropic of Capricorn
✓
At the tropic of Cancer
✓
162.
During Autumnal equinox the sun is:
At the tropic of Capricorn
✓
At the tropic of Cancer
✓
163.
What is the longest straight line that can be drawn on the surface of the Earth?
The circle of same azimuth
✓
164.
What is a line that crosses all meridians of longitude with constant angle?
165.
Latitude 65° 00' N is?
166.
What is the distace between north and south poles?
167.
During winter solstice the sun is:
168.
The easiest way of navigating while flying is via:
169.
The needle of magnetic compass points towards:
Geographical north pole
✓
170.
Angle between magnetic heading and compass heading is known as: