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Biggest Cities in the Umayyad Caliphate in 725 AD with a Map

With the help of a map, can you name the most populous cities of the Umayyad Caliphate in at its peak in 725 AD?
Click on the map to zoom in.
Sources used for population estimates in the stickied comments.
Some of these cities do not exist anymore.
Quiz by Dekkie
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Last updated: August 19, 2023
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First submittedJuly 31, 2023
Times taken547
Average score29.9%
Rating4.14
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Population
Cities
300k
Damascus
100k
Alexandria
100k
Basra
100k
Kufa
85k
Al-Rayy
(Tehran)
80k
Mecca
75k
Fustat
(Cairo)
70k
Aleppo
60k
Anbar
60k
Qurtubah
(Córdoba)
60k
Samarkand
55k
Al-Rur
(Rohri)
50k
Ar-Ruha
(Urfa)
50k
Bardhaʿa
(Barda)
50k
Bayt al-Maqdis
(Jerusalem)
50k
Marw al-Shahijan
(Merv)
50k
Tiflis
(Tbilisi)
45k
Madinat al-Sufriyyah
(Bukhara)
45k
Dabil
(Dvin)
45k
Kairouan
Population
Cities
45k
Mansura
45k
Qirmasin
(Kermanshah)
40k
Abarshahr
(Nishapur)
40k
Al-Sus
(Shush)
40k
Mosul
40k
Qus
35k
Antakiyyah
(Antakya)
35k
Arrajan
35k
Diyar Bakr
(Diyarbakır)
30k
Al-Multan
(Multan)
30k
Balkh
30k
Darabjird
(Darab)
30k
Harat
(Herat)
30k
Istakhar
30k
Jundaysabur
30k
Koteshwar
30k
Qusdar
(Khuzdar)
30k
Raqqa
30k
Sana'a
Population
Cities
30k
Sirjan
30k
Tahiri
(Bandar Siraf)
30k
Vallabhi
25k
Al-Yahudiyyah
(Isfahan)
25k
Daybul
(Thatta)
25k
Homs
25k
Shiraz
20k
Al-Mada'in
(Salman Pak)
20k
Arbil
(Erbil)
20k
Ardabil
20k
Bahraws
(Bharuch)
20k
Bardasir
(Kerman)
20k
Damietta
20k
Hamadan
20k
Isbiliyyah
(Seville)
20k
Maridah
(Mérida)
20k
Nasibin
(Nusaybin)
20k
Qayin
(Qaen)
20k
Sibipur
(Shorkot)
Population
Cities
20k
Tennis
20k
Tulaytulah
(Toledo)
20k
Tustar
(Shushtar)
20k
Wasit
20k
Zabid
20k
Zaranj
15k
Al-Usbunah
(Lisbon)
15k
Fakhsh
(Vakhsh)
15k
Harran
15k
Kharashet
(Eltamg'ali)
15k
Medina
15k
Patala
15k
Sohar
15k
Suq al-Ahwaz
(Ahvaz)
15k
Tarabulus al-Sham
(Tripoli)
15k
Tirmidh
(Termez)
15k
Tun
(Ferdows)
15k
Tunis
15k
Ushfurqan
(Sheberghan)
5 Comments
+3
Level 55
Jul 31, 2023
Sources:

4000 Years of Urban Growth: An Historical Census: For a large portion of population estimates.

The Population of European Cities from 700 to 2000: For al-Andalus.

Spatio-Temporal Boundaries of African Civilizations Reconsidered: I: For smaller cities in Africa.

TRAVELS OF XUANZANG (629-645 CE): Chinese monk Xuanzang's travels include details on the sizes of cities he travelled to. This includes estimates in li, a traditional measurement unit from China.

+2
Level 55
Jul 31, 2023
Jatland: Includes translations of Xuanzang's travels and gives measurements for a large amount of cities in li. For every li, an estimate of 240 meters is used and for areas calculated a population density of 100 per hectare is used.

Section 13 – The Kingdom of the Da Yuezhi 大月氏 (the Kushans): For Sheberghan. Density of 100/ha used.

Locating Beymand City in the First Centuries of the Islamic Era in Kerman Province Based on Written Sources and Archaeological Data: For Sirjan. Density of 100/ha used.

HARVARD ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY IN OMAN, 1973: III - SOHAR AND THE SEA TRADE OF OMAN IN THE TENTH CENTURY A.D.: For Sohar. Density of 200/ha used.

Harran: For Harran's population estimate.

+3
Level 55
Jul 31, 2023
Vici.org: For approximation on Zaranj's area. Density of 200/ha used.

Population of the Larger Urban Areas: Estimates by Colin McEvedy for 737 AD. These should be taken with grain of salt as a lot of these are underestimates.

Wikipedia - History of Barda: As the page states, Arab authors al-Muqaddasi and al-Istakhri estimated a population of about 100,000. This is probably too large and I've decided to half this amount.

Modernization Theory and House Garden Transformation; Erbil City as Case Study: For Arbil. Density of 200/ha used.

+3
Level 55
Jul 31, 2023
Sizes of old towns, calculated with a population density of 200/ha. Settlements with Sasanian origin use a density of 100/ha instead.

Anyway, hope you enjoy the quiz!

+1
Level 61
Aug 21, 2023
Stellar job! Adding modern names in parenthesis was a great touch because many times I get cities but don't remember what I wrote to get them.