Oxygen wasn't discovered until the late 18th Century so I had to google sourstuff and it seems to be a very modern word in a made up language and used in science fiction.
True, it's not a literal translation for oxygen, but rather is associated with the acidic gases that form during fermentation if oxygen is present (hence, the "sour"). The term "sour-stuff" has a much, much longer history than modern science fiction. In fact, there are books from the 1800s and early 1900s on Old English that mention the term "sour-stuff". Anyway, while they didn't know oxygen existed, they knew something was making their wine go sour!