Austria only had a concession in Tianjing (excluded in the caveat), Germany had a city much like uk had Hong Kong or Portugal had Macau. So I second that.
I guess it counts under both UK and India, which are already in the quiz.
"The Kingdom of Sikkim became a princely state of British India in 1890. After 1947, Sikkim continued its protectorate status with the republic of India. In 1975, the Indian military deposed the Sikkimese monarchy. A referendum in 1975 led to Sikkim joining India as its 22nd state." --wiki
Puerto Rico would have to vote to be part of the United States yet would not be considered a sovereign country before then but a territory of the United States. Same with Gibraltar and the United Kingdom or New Caledonia and France or many other examples.
Tuva bordered China between 1921 and 1944. It was a Soviet puppet state, but formally independent nonetheless, similar to the Eastern Block after WWII.
- British protectorate ended in 1947, independent Indian protectorate from 1950 to 1975
Manchukuo - 1932-1945
- Manchukuo was no doubt a puppet state of Japan, but unlike puppet states like Far Eastern Republic, it had certain level of control over its governance and international recognition at the time (Poland, El Salvador, Romania, Finland, Germany, etc). Other Japanese puppet states in China did not see recognition and governance stretching as far as Manchukuo so I suppose you can allow Manchukuo and no more.
Feel free to add or ignore these. They were states formed during the Russian Siberian war which did not see proper governance over their territories and receive international recognition. (+ Far Eastern Republic was a puppet state of Soviet Russia practically just an exclave given nominal independence for convenience)
Also Germany did own Qingdao de jure until 1919 and it held it de facto as well for most of 1914, so Germany should be included in this quiz as well, unless you change the title
India and China did not share a border in 1947, at that time the Nationalists ruled China and had not occuiped/invaded the territories of Xinjiang and Tibet.
If Tibet, which was unrecognized but de facto independent, is included, then I think other similar states with little recognition such as Tannu Tuva should be included as well. Also, it might be good to add a caveat that short-lived governments such as the temporary independent Korean government after WW2 are not included.
I found the instructions unclear. If the answers include 'colonial territories ', then why is Hong Kong not accepted? Hong Kong was a colonial territory; the UK isn't
Thailand (1942-45): annexed parts of Burma during the 2nd world war, giving it a northern border with China
Germany (1898-1914): held the Qingdao leased territory until it was occupied by Japan in 1914
People's Republic of Korea (1945-6): an independent, neutral, unified Korea existed after Japan's surrender before its occupation by the USA
Republic of Korea (1950): army advanced to the Chinese border during the Korean war before being repulsed by Chinese forces.
United States (1945-49): occupied large parts of Hebei and Shandong after defeat of the Japanese
Kingdom of Sikkim (1642-1975): an independent Princely state which was under a British then Indian Protectorate until an election to abolish the monarchy and join India
Jammu and Kashmir (1846-1947): a Princely State under Company, then Raj protectorate which attempted to remain independent during Partition until it was split between India and Pakistan in the 1947-48 war
also there were various short lived republics during the russian Civil war:
Alash autonomy (1917-20), an independant republic declared in 1917, invaded and integrated into the RSFSR by 1920
Semirechye/ Basmachi revolt (1916-23), a muslim independence movement driven out of russia by 1923, to exile in afghanistan.
Far eastern republic (1920-22), an independent region seen as a buffer state by the bolsheviks against the Japanese occupation until its integration.
Amur SR (1918) an autonomous soviet after a 1918 coup until its invasion by white forces.
Confederated Republic of Altai (1918-22): an independent state which sought to recreate the mongol empire until its invasion by the bolsheviks
Tuva (1911-21) declared independence from Qing in 1911, became a Russian protectorate until 1919 Beiyang invasion, 1921 Sternberg regime, then was nominally independent until USSR integration
Altai and Tuva didnt border China except during the 1919-21 occupation by the Beiyang government
"The Kingdom of Sikkim became a princely state of British India in 1890. After 1947, Sikkim continued its protectorate status with the republic of India. In 1975, the Indian military deposed the Sikkimese monarchy. A referendum in 1975 led to Sikkim joining India as its 22nd state." --wiki
I didn't get these, because the colonies and territories were not actually part of these countries, so I never thought to type them.
se pojebte třeba než začnete crookovat
- British protectorate ended in 1947, independent Indian protectorate from 1950 to 1975
Manchukuo - 1932-1945
- Manchukuo was no doubt a puppet state of Japan, but unlike puppet states like Far Eastern Republic, it had certain level of control over its governance and international recognition at the time (Poland, El Salvador, Romania, Finland, Germany, etc). Other Japanese puppet states in China did not see recognition and governance stretching as far as Manchukuo so I suppose you can allow Manchukuo and no more.
Feel free to add or ignore these. They were states formed during the Russian Siberian war which did not see proper governance over their territories and receive international recognition. (+ Far Eastern Republic was a puppet state of Soviet Russia practically just an exclave given nominal independence for convenience)
- Green Ukraine (1920-1922)
- Far Eastern Republic (1920-1922)
But you forgot:
- Qingdao which was held by Germany until 1918
- Tianjin which was held by Austria Hungary until
1918
- Far Eastern Republic (puppet state): 1920 to 1922 [credit: Nerd0921]
- Manchukuo (puppet state): 1932 to 1945
- East Turkestan Republic (unrecognized state): 1933 to 1934 and again in 1944 to 1949, breakaway state from China [credit: Angbo]
- Mengjiang (puppet state): 1939 to 1940 [credit: Nestormakhno]
- Sikkim: not a protectorate from 1947 to 1950, between India and China
(Tanna Tuva did not border China.) Will continue below, character limit reached.
(Qingdao and Tianjin were concessions and therefore excluded by the caveat. The Korean Empire bordered only Russia.)
lhaasa also has a lot of candidates below with explanations and time periods.
Thailand (1942-45): annexed parts of Burma during the 2nd world war, giving it a northern border with China
Germany (1898-1914): held the Qingdao leased territory until it was occupied by Japan in 1914
People's Republic of Korea (1945-6): an independent, neutral, unified Korea existed after Japan's surrender before its occupation by the USA
Republic of Korea (1950): army advanced to the Chinese border during the Korean war before being repulsed by Chinese forces.
United States (1945-49): occupied large parts of Hebei and Shandong after defeat of the Japanese
Kingdom of Sikkim (1642-1975): an independent Princely state which was under a British then Indian Protectorate until an election to abolish the monarchy and join India
Jammu and Kashmir (1846-1947): a Princely State under Company, then Raj protectorate which attempted to remain independent during Partition until it was split between India and Pakistan in the 1947-48 war
Alash autonomy (1917-20), an independant republic declared in 1917, invaded and integrated into the RSFSR by 1920
Semirechye/ Basmachi revolt (1916-23), a muslim independence movement driven out of russia by 1923, to exile in afghanistan.
Far eastern republic (1920-22), an independent region seen as a buffer state by the bolsheviks against the Japanese occupation until its integration.
Amur SR (1918) an autonomous soviet after a 1918 coup until its invasion by white forces.
Confederated Republic of Altai (1918-22): an independent state which sought to recreate the mongol empire until its invasion by the bolsheviks
Tuva (1911-21) declared independence from Qing in 1911, became a Russian protectorate until 1919 Beiyang invasion, 1921 Sternberg regime, then was nominally independent until USSR integration
Altai and Tuva didnt border China except during the 1919-21 occupation by the Beiyang government