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A Level Geography Key Terms: Carbon

Key terms from the Edexcel A level syllabus
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CharlieRich16
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Last updated: December 13, 2021
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First submittedDecember 13, 2021
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Release of CO2 into the atmosphere as animals breathe
Respiration
Type of carbon: Found as CO2, CH4, and CO
Gaseous
A natural cycle that moves carbon between land, oceans and atmosphere (Carbon Cycle)
Geological
Being able to access reliable and affordable sources of energy
Energy security
Unconventional oil source; found in oceanic crust
Deep water oil
Emitting carbon into the atmosphere as a result of volcanic eruptions
Outgassing
Unconventional oil source made from sand, clay, water and bitumen
Tar sands
One of Earth's major climate regulating ocean currents. It transports warm water which then sinks, cools and heads south again
Gulf Stream
Methane or natural gas held in underground sandstone and shale; extracted via fracking
Shale gas
Describes the range and combination of sources required to supply a country with energy
Energy mix
When a country imports more energy than it produces domestically
Energy deficit
The removal and storage of carbon from the atmosphere
Carbon sequestration
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Fuels produced from organic matter
Biofuels
Biological and chemical processes determine how much carbon on Earth's surface is stored and released at any one time (Carbon Cycle)
Biogeochemical
Removal of CO2 from the atmosphere to promote plant growth
Photosynthesis
Type of carbon: Found in plant materials
Organic
Movements of carbon from one store to another
Flux
When external shocks in trade partners supply can make energy unaffordable
Fuel Poverty
When the maximum rate of petroleum production is reached, after which it will decline sharply
Peak oil
Type of carbon: Found in rocks as biocarbonates and carbonate
Inorganic
Break down of organic matter, releasing CO2 into the soils
Decomposition
Describes the flow of energy between a producer and a consumer, and how it reaches the consumer
Energy pathway
The Arctic region is warming twice as fast as the global average
Arctic Amplification
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